Simultaneous Identification of Antibodies toBrucella abortus and Staphylococcus aureus in Milk Samples by Flow Cytometry

Two flow cytometric assays are described herein. The single cytometric test (SCT) detects antibodies to either Brucella abortus or Staphylococcus aureus in the serum or milk of a cow or water buffalo. The double cytometric test (DCT) detects both anti-B. abortus and anti-S. aureusantibodies concurrently. In the SCT, the sample to be tested is incubated in succession with the antigen (either B. abortusor S. aureus) and the proper secondary antiserum (fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled rabbit anti-cow immunoglobulin antiserum or rabbit anti-water buffalo immunoglobulin antiserum). In the DCT, the sample to be tested is incubated first with B. abortus and S. aureus antigens and then with the secondary antiserum. The B. abortus antigen used in the DCT is covalently bound to 3-μm-diameter latex particles. The difference in size between B. abortus and S. aureuspermits the establishment of whether the antibodies are directed against one, the other, or both antigens. When compared to the complement fixation test, the SCT and DCT each show a specificity and a sensitivity of 100%. The SCT has been used previously to detect anti-S. aureus antibodies. Here its use is extended to the detection of anti-B. abortus antibodies. The DCT is described here for the first time. The DCT appears to be useful for large-scale brucellosis eradication programs. It offers the possibility of using one test to identify animals that are serologically positive for both B. abortus and S. aureus.

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Athenian Synoikism of the Fifth Century B.C., or Two Stories of Theseus

Greece and Rome ◽

10.1093/gr/46.2.168 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 168-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Valerij Goušchin

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Fifth Century ◽

Physical Aspect ◽

Naval Power ◽

Delian League ◽

The Difference ◽

First Time ◽

The City ◽

The Town ◽

Greek World

On the eve of the Peloponnesian War Athens was a great urban agglomeration. It was almost invulnerable to an enemy. So in 431 B.C. the Athenians began to migrate from the countryside into the city on the advice of Pericles (Thuc. 2.14–16). This recalled to Thucydides the time of Theseus (Thuc. 2.15). S. Hornblower regards this migration as the long-postponed physical synoikism, or synoikism in its physical aspect. He insists on the difference between political and physical synoikism, the former being the political unification of the state and the latter mainly the migration into the city. But the Athenians did not migrate into the city for the first time in 431. At the time of Xerxes' invasion the inhabitants of Attica were to be moved into the city before being evacuated to Salamis and elsewhere, and the invasion made their vulnerability clear to the Athenians. They suffered two evacuations, the devastation of Attica and the substantial destruction of Athens. Through driving back the Persians Athens became the leader of the Delian League and acquired great naval power. The change of Athens' position in the Greek world and the damage caused by the Persians necessitated a major reconstruction of the town. The Athenians began with the town and harbour. They built the walls of the city and of the Piraeus first of all. Beforelong the Piraeus had been built on a large scale. In these years the Athenians remembered Theseus again, and he now gained honour and esteem among all the Athenians.

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Chemical Constituents and Antimicrobial Activities of Canthium horridum

Natural Product Communications ◽

10.1177/1934578x1000500620 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Biao Yang ◽

Guangying Chen ◽

Xiaoping Song ◽

Zhong Chen ◽

Xinming Song ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Chemical Constituents ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Syringic Acid ◽

Good Activity ◽

First Time ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus

Bioassay-guided isolation studies of the extract of Canthium horridum Bl. stem led to the isolation of ten compounds: (+)-syringaresinol (1), scoparone (2), scopoletin (3), 3′-methoxy-4′-hydroxy- trans-cinnamaldehyde (4), sinapic aldehyde (5), syringic acid (6), mannitol (7), vanillic acid 4- O-β-D-glucopyranoside (8), β-daucosterol (9), and β-sitosterol (10). Compounds 1-10 were reported for the first time from this species, and compounds 1, 4, 5, 6, and 8 from the genus. The antimicrobial activities of the isolated compounds were studied; 6 had the highest activity against Bacillus subtilis, but 1 showed good activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. Compounds 2, 4 and 6 also inhibited the growth of these three bacteria. None of the compounds demonstrated inhibitory activity against Aspergillus niger.

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Isolation of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from the Endophytic Fungus of Ocimum basilicum

Dhaka University Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.3329/dujps.v4i2.215 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Md. Aminul Haque ◽

M Shawkat Hossain ◽

MZ Rahman ◽

M Rezaur Rahman ◽

Md. Sohrab Hossain ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Endophytic Fungi ◽

Large Scale ◽

Ethyl Acetate Extract ◽

Ocimum Basilicum ◽

Bioactive Secondary Metabolites ◽

Isolated Structures ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus

Twenty three endophytic fungi from leaf, stem and root of 0cimum basilicum (Tulshi) were isolated and purified. One of the fungi (2L-5) isolated from the leaves was fermented in a large scale and extracted with ethyl acetate. The fungal extract was found to be active against two bacteria, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. From the ethyl acetate extract two steroids, ergosterol and cerevisterol were isolated. Structures of the compounds were elucidated by high-resolution 1- and 2-D NMR spectroscopy. Key words: Ocimum basilicum, Secondary Metabolites, Endophytic fungi, Ergosterol, Cerevesterol Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. Vol.4(2) 2005 The full text is of this article is available at the Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. website

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Cytotoxic phenolic compounds in leaf buds of Populus tremuloides

Canadian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1139/v09-151 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 88 (2) ◽

pp. 104-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

André Pichette ◽

Azadeh Eftekhari ◽

Patricia Georges ◽

Serge Lavoie ◽

Vakhtang Mshvildadze ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Populus Tremuloides ◽

Colorectal Adenocarcinoma ◽

Human Cell Lines ◽

Chemical Methods ◽

Etoh Extract ◽

First Time ◽

And Staphylococcus Aureus

Phytochemical investigations of the EtOH extract of Populus tremuloides leaf buds led to the isolation of 19 phenolic compounds. Among them, (1S,2S)-1-[4-O-E-coumaroyl-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy]cyclohexanediol was reported for the first time, and its structure was determined by spectroscopic (NMR and MS) and chemical methods. Seventeen of the isolated compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity against lung carcinoma (A549) and colorectal adenocarcinoma (DLD-1) human cell lines. Antibacterial activity was also evaluated against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus .

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Relationship between total plasma homocysteine and the risk of aneurysms – a meta-analysis

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526/a000891 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Hanji Zhang ◽

Dexin Yin ◽

Yue Zhao ◽

Yezhou Li ◽

Dejiang Yao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Single Species ◽

Total Plasma ◽

Control Groups ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Randomized Controlled Studies ◽

The Difference ◽

The Relationship ◽

Healthy Participants

Summary: Our meta-analysis focused on the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) level and the incidence of aneurysms and looked at the relationship between smoking, hypertension and aneurysms. A systematic literature search of Pubmed, Web of Science, and Embase databases (up to March 31, 2020) resulted in the identification of 19 studies, including 2,629 aneurysm patients and 6,497 healthy participants. Combined analysis of the included studies showed that number of smoking, hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in aneurysm patients was higher than that in the control groups, and the total plasma Hcy level in aneurysm patients was also higher. These findings suggest that smoking, hypertension and HHcy may be risk factors for the development and progression of aneurysms. Although the heterogeneity of meta-analysis was significant, it was found that the heterogeneity might come from the difference between race and disease species through subgroup analysis. Large-scale randomized controlled studies of single species and single disease species are needed in the future to supplement the accuracy of the results.

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Scheming

10.3366/edinburgh/9781474440561.001.0001 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Seán Damer

Keyword(s):

Social Class ◽

Housing Policy ◽

Large Scale ◽

Class Structure ◽

Local Council ◽

Housing Scheme ◽

Post War ◽

First Time ◽

The Voice ◽

House Building

This book seeks to explain how the Corporation of Glasgow, in its large-scale council house-building programme in the inter- and post-war years, came to reproduce a hierarchical Victorian class structure. The three tiers of housing scheme which it constructed – Ordinary, Intermediate, and Slum-Clearance – effectively signified First, Second and Third Class. This came about because the Corporation uncritically reproduced the offensive and patriarchal attitudes of the Victorian bourgeoisie towards the working-class. The book shows how this worked out on the ground in Glasgow, and describes the attitudes of both authoritarian housing officials, and council tenants. This is the first time the voice of Glasgow’s council tenants has been heard. The conclusion is that local council housing policy was driven by unapologetic considerations of social class.

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