scholarly journals A Rapid Drug Resistance Genotyping Workflow for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Using Targeted Isothermal Amplification and Nanopore Sequencing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harriet D. Gliddon ◽  
Dan Frampton ◽  
Vanisha Munsamy ◽  
Jude Heaney ◽  
Thomas Pataillot-Meakin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Nanopore Sequencing ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Drug Resistance Genotyping ◽  
High Level

Current methods for diagnosing drug-resistant tuberculosis are time consuming, resulting in delays in patients receiving treatment and in transmission onwards. They also require a high level of laboratory infrastructure, which is often only available at centralized facilities, resulting in further delays to diagnosis and additional barriers to deployment in resource-limited settings.

scholarly journals Association between embB Codon 306 Mutations and Drug Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 2618-2620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Shen ◽  
Guo-miao Shen ◽  
Jie Wu ◽  
Xiao-hong Gui ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Candidate Marker ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis

ABSTRACT embB306 mutants were detected in both ethambutol (EMB)-resistant and EMB-susceptible strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains had a higher proportion of embB306 mutants than non-MDR strains (odds ratio, 6.78; P < 0.001). The embB306 locus is a candidate marker for rapid detection of MDR and extremely drug resistant tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Prevalence and molecular characteristics of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Hainan, China: from 2014 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Liu ◽  
Xiujuan Zhao ◽  
Xingyong Wu ◽  
Sijing Li ◽  
Biao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Hainan Island ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Common Mutation ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis

Abstract Background The emergence of antimicrobial resistance against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) has become the major concern in global tuberculosis control due to its limited therapy options and high mortality. However, the clinical and molecular characteristics of drug-resistant strains vary in different geographical areas. Hainan Island located in southern China, is a high drug-resistant tuberculosis burden area. This study aimed to determine the dynamic changes of drug-resistance patterns and drug-related gene mutation types of M. tuberculosis in Hainan from 2014 to 2019. Results A total of 1484 culture-confirmed M. tuberculosis were included in this study. It was found that the proportions of drug resistance to isoniazid and rifampin were 31.3 and 31.1% respectively. Overall the proportion of multidrug resistant M. tuberculosis was 24.9%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age and the treatment history were independent influencing factors of drug resistant tuberculosis. The proportions of drug-resistant tuberculosis in retreatment patients were considerably higher than those in new patients. The most common mutation types of isoniazid were Ser315 → Thr (66.3%), and the most common mutation types of rifampin were Ser531 → Leu (41.5%). Conclusions Our data suggests that the prevalence of drug resistant TB remains high in Hainan, and the risks for developing drug resistance with diversified mutation types increased significantly in retreatment patients. These results contribute to the knowledge of the prevalence of drug resistance in Hainan Province and expand the molecular characteristics of drug resistance in China simultaneously.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Molecular Characteristics of Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Hainan, China: From 2014 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
xiujuan zhao ◽  
Lin Liu ◽  
Xingyong Wu ◽  
Sijing Li ◽  
Biao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Hainan Island ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Common Mutation ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis

Abstract BackgroundThe emergence of antimicrobial resistance against mycobacterium tuberculosis has become the major concern in global tuberculosis control due to its limited therapy options and high mortality. However, the clinical and molecular characteristics of drug-resistant strains vary in different geographical areas. Hainan Island located in southern China, is a high drug-resistant tuberculosis burden area. This study aimed to determine the dynamic changes of drug-resistance patterns and drug-related gene mutation types of mycobacterium tuberculosis in Hainan from 2014 to 2019. ResultsA total of 1484 culture-confirmed mycobacterium tuberculosis were included in this study. It was found that the proportions of drug resistance to isoniazid and rifampin were 31.3% and 31.1% respectively. Overall, the proportion of multidrug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis was 24.9%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age and the treatment history were independent influencing factors of drug resistant tuberculosis. The proportions of drug-resistant tuberculosis in retreatment patients were considerably higher than those in new patients. The most common mutation types of isoniazid were Ser315 → Thr (66.3%), and the most common mutation types of rifampin were Ser 531 → Leu (41.5%). ConclusionsOur data suggests that the prevalence of drug resistant TB remains high in Hainan, and the risks for developing drug resistance with diversified and complicated mutation types increased significantly in retreatment patients. These results contribute to the knowledge of the prevalence of drug resistance in Hainan Province and also expand the molecular characteristics of drug resistance in China.

Development of New Therapeutics to Meet the Current Challenge of Drug Resistant Tuberculosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bashir A Sheikh ◽  
Basharat A Bhat ◽  
Umar Mehraj ◽  
Wajahat Mir ◽  
Suhail Hamadani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Current Challenge

: Tuberculosis (TB) is a prominent infective disease and a major reason of mortality/morbidity globally. Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes a long-lasting latent infection in a significant proportion of human population. The increasing burden of tuberculosis is mainly caused due to drug and multi drug-resistant. The failure of conventional treatment has been observed in large number of cases. Drugs that are used to treat extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis are expensive, have limited efficacy and with more side effects for longer duration of time and is often associated with poor prognosis. To regulate the emergence of multidrug resistant tuberculosis, extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis and totally drug resistant” tuberculosis, efforts are being made to understand the genetic/molecular basis of target drug delivery and mechanisms of drug resistance. Understanding the molecular approaches and pathology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis through whole genome sequencing may further help for the improvement of new therapeutics to meet the current challenge of global health. Understanding cellular mechanisms that trigger resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection may expose immune associates of protection which could be an important way for vaccine development, diagnostics and novel host-directed therapeutic strategies. Recent development of new drugs and combinational therapies for drugresistant tuberculosis through major collaboration between industry, donors and academia gives an improved hope to overcome the challenges in tuberculosis treatment. In this review article, we will try to high-light the new developments of drug resistance to the conventional drugs and the recent progress in the development of new therapeutics for the treatment of drug resistant and non-resistant cases.

scholarly journals A study on multi drug resistant tuberculosis at Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 3234
Author(s):  
Prashant V. Solanke ◽  
Preeti Pawde ◽  
Ajin R. M.
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Sputum Culture ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Resistance to antitubercular drugs has been noted since the drugs were first introduced, and occasionally outbreaks of drug-resistant tuberculosis have been reported worldwide. WHO emphasizes that good TB control prevents the emergence of drug resistance in the first place and that the proper treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis prevents the emergence of XDR-TB. The objectives of the study were to examine the sputum samples regarding MDR-TB, to study the grading regarding sputum positive and to study the multi-drug resistance tuberculosis in Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical sciences.Methods: Study design was cross-sectional, Study duration was January 2016-March 2017. Study place was Sree Mookambika Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital, Kulasekharam. Sample size was 400. Data entered in MS-Office Word- 2016. Institutional ethical committee clearance was obtained. Results: In present study 54.86% patient had sputum AFB positive, 45.13% had sputum AFB negative smears. 75% of the sputum AFB positive pulmonary TB came under the age group between 20-60 and 25% above 60 yrs. 78.24% males, 21.75% females had sputum AFB smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis and 43.73% patients had positive sputum culture, 56.26% patients had negative sputum culture and the most common strain found was Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Conclusions: So from our study we found that Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the major strain isolated from sputum samples. The resistance is more to Isoniazid and Rifampicin and is more in the rural parts of India. Early screening and drug susceptibility test of culture positive and MTB cases will help in initiating treatment of MDR-TB. 

scholarly journals Risk factors for drug-resistant tuberculosis, the association between comorbidity status and drug-resistant patterns: a retrospective study of previously treated pulmonary tuberculosis in Shandong, China, during 2004–2019

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e044349
Author(s):  
Ning-ning Tao ◽  
Yi-fan Li ◽  
Wan-mei Song ◽  
Jin-yue Liu ◽  
Qian-yun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis

ObjectiveThis study was designed to identify the risk factors for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and the association between comorbidity and drug resistance among retreated pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB).DesignA retrospective study was conducted among all the 36 monitoring sites in Shandong, China, over a 16-year period. Baseline characteristics were collected from the TB Surveillance System. Categorical variables were compared by Fisher’s exact or Pearson’s χ2 test. The risk factors for drug resistance were identified using univariable analysis and multivariable logistic models. The influence of comorbidity on different types of drug resistance was evaluated by performing multivariable logistic models with the covariates adjusted by age, sex, body mass index, drinking/smoking history and cavity.ResultsA total of 10 975 patients with PTB were recorded during 2004–2019, and of these 1924 retreated PTB were finally included. Among retreated PTB, 26.2% were DR-TB and 12.5% had comorbidity. Smoking (adjusted OR (aOR): 1.69, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.39), cavity (aOR: 1.55, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.97) and comorbidity (aOR: 1.44, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.02) were risk factors for DR-TB. Of 504 DR-TB, 9.5% had diabetes mellitus, followed by hypertension (2.0%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1.8%). Patients with retreated PTB with comorbidity were more likely to be older, have more bad habits (smoking, alcohol abuse) and have clinical symptoms (expectoration, haemoptysis, weight loss). Comorbidity was significantly associated with DR-TB (aOR: 1.44, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.02), overall rifampin resistance (aOR: 2.17, 95% CI 1.41 to 3.36), overall streptomycin resistance (aOR: 1.51, 95% CI 1.00 to 2.27) and multidrug resistance (aOR: 1.96, 95% CI 1.17 to 3.27) compared with pan-susceptible patients (p<0.05).ConclusionSmoking, cavity and comorbidity lead to an increased risk of drug resistance among retreated PTB. Strategies to improve the host’s health, including smoking cessation, screening and treatment of comorbidity, might contribute to the control of tuberculosis, especially DR-TB, in China.

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