Effective Method for Increasing the Peak SXR Power in Experiments on Implosion of Nested Arrays of Mixed Composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 967-995
Author(s):  
K. N. Mitrofanov ◽  
V. V. Aleksandrov ◽  
A. V. Branitskii ◽  
E. V. Grabovsky ◽  
A. N. Gritsuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Composition ◽  
Nested Arrays

Progress in researching the implosion of nested arrays of mixed composition and the generation of soft X-ray power pulse

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Nikolaevich Mitrofanov ◽  
Vladimir Vasil'evich Aleksandrov ◽  
Aleksadr Viktorovich Branitski ◽  
Evgenii Valentinivich Grabovskiy ◽  
Arkadii Gritsuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peak Power ◽  
Wire Array ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Mixed Composition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wire Arrays ◽  
Power Pulse ◽  
Plasma Compression ◽  
Nested Arrays ◽  
A Current

Abstract The results of experiments on the study of plasma compression of nested wire arrays of mixed composition and the generation of powerful pulses of soft X-ray radiation (SXR), carried out on a powerful electrophysical facility Angara-5-1 at a current level of up to 3 MA, are presented. Based on the latest experimental data on the intensity of plasma formation of various substances m& (in μg/(cm2×ns)) [1] and on the features of the dynamics of plasma compression in nested arrays [2], a nested wire array design has been developed which makes it possible to obtain a high peak SXR power in comparison with the known designs of single and nested tungsten wire arrays. During the implosion of nested arrays of mixed composition, consisting of plastic fibers and tungsten wires, shorter and more powerful SXR pulses were obtained with a maximum peak power PSXRmax~10 TW with a FWHM duration of ~5 ns compared to the parameters of SXR pulses upon compression of single tungsten arrays: PSXRmax~5 TW and FWHM~10 ns. Thus, under the conditions of our experiments, we have shown the possibility of a twofold increase in the peak SXR power during compression of nested arrays by optimizing their design.

Flexographic ink-coating interactions: effects of latex variations in coating layers

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 253-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERIK BOHLIN ◽  
CAISA JOHANNSON ◽  
MAGNUS LESTELIUS
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angles ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Print Quality ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Mixed Composition ◽  
Coating Surface ◽  
Covered Area ◽  
Surface Optical ◽  
Flexographic Printing ◽  
Coating Formulation

The effect of coating structure variations on flexographic print quality was studied using pilot-coated paperboard samples with different latex content and latex particle sizes. Two latexes, with particle sizes of 120 nm and 160 nm, were added at either 12 parts per hundred (pph) or 18 pph to the coating formulation. The samples were printed with full tone areas at print forces of 25 N and 50 N in a laboratory flexographic printing press using a waterbased ink. A high ratio of uncovered areas (UCAs) could be detected for the samples that contained 18 pph latex printed at a print force of 25 N. UCAs decreased with increased print force and with decreased amounts of latex in the coating formulation. The fraction of latex covered area on the coating surface was estimated to be 0.35–0.40 for the 12 pph, and 0.70–0.75 for the 18 pph samples. The ink penetration depth into the coating layer could be linked to the fraction of latex-free areas on the coating surface. Optical cross section microscopy indicated that a higher printing force did not increase the depth of penetrated ink to any greater extent. Higher printing force did increase contact between plate and substrate, leading to an improved distribution of the ink. This, in turn, increased print density and decreased UCAs. On closer inspection, the UCAs could be categorized as being induced by steep topographic changes. When appearing at other locations, they were more likely to be caused by poor wetting of the surface. To understand the wetting behavior of the coating surface, observed contact angles were compared with calculated contact angles on surfaces of mixed composition.

About the possibility of women work in train driver and train driver assistant profession

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 778-781
Author(s):  
Anna A. Zakrevskaya ◽  
Ekaterina V. Dmitrieva
Keyword(s):  
Professional Growth ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Psychological Climate ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Mixed Composition ◽  
Labor Legislation ◽  
Railway Industry ◽  
Train Driver ◽  
Electric Train

Introduction. The article presents the results of a survey of employees of the railway industry and volunteers of various professions on their attitude to the possibility of employment of women as a locomotive driver and assistant driver. The aim of study is to determine the socio-psychological aspects of allowing women to work as a driver and assistant driver of an electric train among employees of various professions, including in the railway industry. Materials and methods. Anonymous online survey conducted among 112 people: 60 women aged 29.9±7.9 years (from 19 to 55 years), and 52 men aged 29.6±8.4 years (from 15 to 53 years). Results. There is an ambiguous attitude to the prospects of allowing women to work as a driver and assistant driver of an electric train. The most urgent problems of an organizational nature that accompany changes in labor legislation are noted: the abolition of allowances "for harm", the increase in the retirement age, inconveniences in holiday homes that are currently designed exclusively for men. There are also positive prospects for these changes: the possibility of healthy professional competition and the emergence of new areas of professional growth for women, as well as increasing the prestige of OAS "Russian Railways" by creating an image of a company that provides candidates with equal rights regardless of gender. Conclusions. The appearance (although it would be more accurate to say "return") of women to work as drivers and assistant drivers is not a forced measure, as it was in wartime, but the result of the modernization of rolling stock and railway infrastructure, bringing to the fore the assessment of professionally important operator qualities, regardless of the gender of candidates. However, gender characteristics cannot be ignored in the socio-psychological context - for example, when recruiting locomotive crews with mixed composition or when creating a favorable psychological climate in a locomotive depot.

Ecological processes maintaining differential tree species distributions in an Australian subtropical rain forest: implications for models of species coexistence

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Debski ◽  
David F. R. P. Burslem ◽  
David Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Species Coexistence ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Size Class ◽  
Differential Mortality ◽  
Mixed Composition ◽  
Large Scale Disturbance

All stems ≥ 1 cm dbh were measured, tagged, mapped and identified on a 1-ha plot of rain forest at Gambubal State Forest, south-east Queensland, Australia. The spatial patterns and size class distributions of 11 common tree species on the plot were assessed to search for mechanisms determining their distribution and abundance. The forest was species-poor in comparison to many lowland tropical forests and the common species are therefore present at relatively high densities. Despite this, only limited evidence was found for the operation of density-dependent processes at Gambubal. Daphnandra micrantha saplings were clumped towards randomly spaced adults, indicating a shift of distribution over time caused by differential mortality of saplings in these adult associated clumps. Ordination of the species composition in 25-m × 25-m subplots revealed vegetation gradients at that scale, which corresponded to slope across the plot. Adult basal area was dominated by a few large individuals of Sloanea woollsii but the comparative size class distributions and replacement probabilities of the 11 common species suggest that the forest will undergo a transition to a more mixed composition if current conditions persist. The current cohort of large S. woollsii individuals probably established after a large-scale disturbance event and the forest has not attained an equilibrium species composition.

scholarly journals Composition of Uroliths seen in patients in Abuja, Nigeria: a single centre retrospective analysis of 155 stones

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Celsus Ukelina Undie ◽  
Ewomazino Ibanga Nnana ◽  
Kalenebari Raymond Torporo
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Mixed Composition ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Uric Acid Stones ◽  
Male Patients

Abstract Background Uroliths are stones formed in the urinary tract. Analysis of stones helps to identify risk factors for their development and prevention of recurrence. Standard stone analysis using modern technology is not routinely done in Nigeria. This study sought to determine the chemical composition of urinary stones seen in Abuja, Nigeria. Methods This was a retrospective study on composition of uroliths. Urinary stones surgically removed from 155 patients through minimal access surgical procedures between January 2015 and August 2019 were analysed. Optical crystallography and infrared spectroscopy were used to determine the chemical composition of the urinary stones. Results A total of 155 urinary stones were assembled from the patients. More stones were removed from male patients and the male to female ratio was 1.9:1. Stones were rare in the extremes of age. The predominant location (89.7%) of stones was in the upper urinary tract. All stones were of mixed composition with calcium oxalate accounting for 93.55%. Calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate and uric acid stones were more common in the upper tract, while 2 of the 3 struvite stones were found in the lower tract. Conclusion Stones found in this study were of mixed composition with the most common constituent being Calcium oxalate and the least common, struvite.

Distribution of organic matter in Bazhenov high-carbon formation

2019 ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
M. S. Topchii ◽  
N. V. Pronina ◽  
A. G. Kalmykov ◽  
G. A. Kalmykov ◽  
M. M. Fomina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Heterogeneous Structure ◽  
Carbon Formation ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
Mixed Composition ◽  
Shale Formations ◽  
Bazhenov Formation ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
Micro Level

One of the most famous and promising shale formations in Russia is the Bazhenov formation. The ambiguity of ideas about its geological features, caused by the complex, heterogeneous structure of the strata, attracts the attention of many researchers. In this work, the Bazhenov formation is singled out in conjunction with its stratigraphic counterparts in the Bazhenov high-carbon formation (BVCHF). In this were considered the main characteristics of its allotment and distribution over the area, as well as the geological structure. Being an unconventional reservoir of hydrocarbons, BVCHF has properties of a petroleum-bearing rock, one of the main characteristics of which is organic matter, its type and maturity. The paper presents the results of the study of organic matter by various methods at the micro level, as well as their integration with larger-scale studies. The need for detailed consideration of the organic matter of the BVCHF is justified by the fact that it has a mixed composition and, as a consequence, a different degree of transformation and spatial distribution.

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