wire array
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Author(s):  
Konstantin Nikolaevich Mitrofanov ◽  
Vladimir Vasil'evich Aleksandrov ◽  
Aleksadr Viktorovich Branitski ◽  
Evgenii Valentinivich Grabovskiy ◽  
Arkadii Gritsuk ◽  
...  

Abstract The results of experiments on the study of plasma compression of nested wire arrays of mixed composition and the generation of powerful pulses of soft X-ray radiation (SXR), carried out on a powerful electrophysical facility Angara-5-1 at a current level of up to 3 MA, are presented. Based on the latest experimental data on the intensity of plasma formation of various substances m& (in μg/(cm2×ns)) [1] and on the features of the dynamics of plasma compression in nested arrays [2], a nested wire array design has been developed which makes it possible to obtain a high peak SXR power in comparison with the known designs of single and nested tungsten wire arrays. During the implosion of nested arrays of mixed composition, consisting of plastic fibers and tungsten wires, shorter and more powerful SXR pulses were obtained with a maximum peak power PSXRmax~10 TW with a FWHM duration of ~5 ns compared to the parameters of SXR pulses upon compression of single tungsten arrays: PSXRmax~5 TW and FWHM~10 ns. Thus, under the conditions of our experiments, we have shown the possibility of a twofold increase in the peak SXR power during compression of nested arrays by optimizing their design.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangbo Zhang ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Fei Xiao ◽  
Taixin Liang ◽  
Shusen Zhao

In magnetic reconnection, magnetic lines break and reconnect to change their topology to a lower-energy state. This process can liberate stored magnetic field energy and accelerate particles during unsteady explosive events. Here, we report the observations of the magnetic reconnection and kink instability of plasma jet in single wire electrical explosion and their effect on propellant ignition. The results showed that the initial velocity of plasma was ∼2,000 m/s, and when the magnetic reconnection occurred, the velocity increased by ∼400–∼2,400 m/s. The evaluated Alfvén velocity was ∼500 m/s, the Alfvén time was ∼20 µs, and the Lundquist number S = 1.7 × 107. Based on these experimental results and model, the three-dimensional magnetic field topology and its evolution process was evaluated and presented. Furthermore, the magnetic reconnection occurred when its curvature reached a certain value due to the fact that the motion of the current sheet changes the topology of the magnetic field, and then, the plasma jet was accelerated and exhausted. The plasma jet angle was ∼50° in experiment 1, and it was consistent with the calculated results. The resulting magnetic reconnection plays an important role in propellant ignition, which enhances the ignition ability of wire electrical explosion. Furthermore, the results represent a key step towards resolving one of the most important problems of plasma physics and can be used to improve the understanding of wire array explosion and propellant ignition.


Author(s):  
Chen Li ◽  
Ruoyu Han ◽  
Y Liu ◽  
Jinlin Zhao ◽  
Yanan Wang ◽  
...  

Abstract This work deals with an experimental study of a Cu planar wire array (PWA) in air and water under the stored energy 300–1200 J. A single Cu wire is adopted as a controlled trial. Four configurations of PWA and a wire with the same mass (cross-section area) but the different specific surface areas (15–223 cm2 /g) are exploded. The transient process is analyzed using high-speed photography in combination with the results of optical emission and discharge. Discharge characteristics revealed that PWA always has a higher electric power peak, early but higher voltage peak, as well as faster vaporization and ionization process than the single-wire case. Two to three times stronger optical emission could be obtained when replacing the single-wire with PWA, indicating a higher energy density state is reached. Phenomenologically, in both air and water, single-wire load tends to develop a transverse stratified structure, while PWA is dominated by the uneven energy deposition among wires. Finally, the synchronism and uniformity of the PWA explosion are discussed.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Liu ◽  
Dun Qian ◽  
Xiaobing Zou ◽  
Xinxin Wang

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miharu Takao ◽  
Hiroaki Ito ◽  
Taichi Takezaki ◽  
Keiichi Takasugi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Maler ◽  
Alexander Rososhek ◽  
Sergey Efimov ◽  
Alexander Virozub ◽  
Yakov E. Krasik

PRX Quantum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Cheng Yang ◽  
Dmitry Green ◽  
Hongji Yu ◽  
Claudio Chamon

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 1508
Author(s):  
Xingchen Yang ◽  
Chaohai Du ◽  
Ziwen Zhang ◽  
Juanfeng Zhu ◽  
Tiejun Huang ◽  
...  

Terahertz waves generated by vacuum electron devices have been successfully applied in dynamic nuclear polarization enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance (DNP-NMR) technology to significantly enhance the sensitivity of high-field NMR. To reduce the magnetic field interference, the high-power terahertz wave source and the NMR spectrometer need to be separated by a few meters apart. Corrugated horns and directional couplers are key components for shaping high linearly polarized terahertz Gaussian beam and accurately coupling electromagnetic power in the transmission system. In this paper, a corrugated TE11-HE11 mode converter and a three-port directional coupler realized by its inner cylindrical wire array are proposed for a 330 GHz/500 MHz DNP-NMR system. The output mode of the mode converter presents a characteristic of highly linear polarization, which is 98.8% at 330 GHz for subsequent low loss transmission. The designed three-port directional coupler can produce approximately −33 dB electromagnetic wave power on port 3 in the frequency range between 300–360 GHz stably, which can be used to measure the electromagnetic wave power of the transmission line in real-time. The designed mode converter and direction coupler can be installed and replaced easily in the corrugated waveguide transmission system.


Author(s):  
M. Al-Rubaiee ◽  
A. H. Al-Janabi ◽  
S. C. Fleming ◽  
A. Argyros

AbstractOne of the unique properties of metamaterials is the ability to manipulate electromagnetic waves at subwavelength scales, made possible by their structure on these scales. Here, rather than consider effective bulk properties, we consider the properties of microscopic features based on considering resonant unit cells. We used wire array metamaterials to form localized resonant cavities by changing the resonance frequency of one or more unit cells, surrounded by unchanged unit cells that do not support resonance for the propagating mode (i.e. forming a band gap). We validate our approach experimentally with electromagnetic waves in the terahertz range, demonstrating and characterizing subwavelength resonant cavities in this range. These resonant cavities can pave the way for ultra-compact subwavelength waveguides and other optical components.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaxin Chen ◽  
Daiming Tang ◽  
Zhiwei Huang ◽  
Xi Liu ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
...  

AbstractAtomic metal wires have great promise for practical applications in devices due to their unique electronic properties. Unfortunately, such atomic wires are extremely unstable. Here we fabricate stable atomic silver wires (ASWs) with appreciably unoccupied states inside the parallel tunnels of α-MnO2 nanorods. These unoccupied Ag 4d orbitals strengthen the Ag–Ag bonds, greatly enhancing the stability of ASWs while the presence of delocalized 5s electrons makes the ASWs conducting. These stable ASWs form a coherently oriented three-dimensional wire array of over 10 nm in width and up to 1 μm in length allowing us to connect it to nano-electrodes. Current-voltage characteristics of ASWs show a temperature-dependent insulator-to-metal transition, suggesting that the atomic wires could be used as thermal electrical devices.


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