Operational goal setting in anthropocentric objects from the viewpoint of the conceptual model called Etap: I. Structures of algorithms for the support of crew decision-making

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Yu. Zheltov ◽  
B. E. Fedunov
2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 74-83
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Boychenko ◽  
Olga V. Lukinova

In article the reasons and need of transition to digital economy, the main characteristic features of digital economy are considered, the classification scheme for definition of the purposes and risks at introduction of digital economy is provided, the conceptual model of subject domain “decision-making (goal-setting) in the conditions of uncertainty” which tools are offered to be used for the analysis of goal-setting at design of digital economy is given.Objective of this research is:1. Justification of need of transition to digital economy.2. Judgment of the main characteristic features of digital economy.3. Identification and the analysis of the purposes which should be realized upon transition to digital economy and also the forecast and a research of the arising risks.4. The logical analysis of the concepts making a goal-setting basis at creation of digital economy.As materials of a research various publications about transition to digital economy, legal documents the connected with digital economy, methodological materials by the principles of goal-setting and decision-making during creation of difficult systems are used.As methods of a research the system analysis of the materials stated above and synthesis on this basis of representations of authors on target questions of a research was used.Statement of representations of authors on the following questions is result of a research:– about the reasons and need of transition to digital economy,– main characteristic features of digital economy,– the classification scheme for definition of the purposes and risks at introduction of digital economy,– conceptual model of subject domain “decision-making (goal-setting) in the conditions of uncertainty”,– which tools are offered to be used for the analysis of goal-setting at design of digital economy.In conclusion it is possible to note the following.In work from the point of view of determinism of an economic subsystem the characteristics of digital economy which are conceptually distinguishing her from the previous development stages are considered.Advantages of introduction of information technologies to all spheres of life of society and also possible negative consequences of such introduction are described. The classification scheme of the possible purposes and risks accompanying creation of digital economy is developed.It is emphasized that decisions at creation of digital economy are made in extremely uncertain situation in this connection, the conceptual model of decision-making process including is presented:1. Semantic representation of decision-making process,2. Types of the analysis which have to accompany formation of lists of specifications of concepts of semantic network,3. Methods which have to be used at implementation of procedures of the analysis.The main conclusion which can be made of this work consists in the following. Certainly, not to stop development and introduction of information technologies in our life as it was impossible to stop technical progress during the previous eras of existence of a human civilization. It is unconditional, clear that to regulate and operate technological processes of such scale – a problem of big complexity.Certainly, risks to receive the apocalyptic scenario within all planet are big: IT technologies are more dangerous (at least, today), than any other. Therefore at decision-making, connected with transition to digital economy the special wisdom, special responsibility, the weighed, multiple-factor approach of the persons making decisions and expert community has to be shown.


Author(s):  
Kristin L. Rising ◽  
Alexzandra T. Gentsch ◽  
Geoffrey Mills ◽  
Marianna LaNoue ◽  
Amanda M.B. Doty ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Áine Aventin ◽  
Sarah Gordon ◽  
Christina Laurenzi ◽  
Stephan Rabie ◽  
Mark Tomlinson ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Adolescent HIV and pregnancy rates in Southern Africa are amongst the highest in the world. Despite decades of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) programming targeting adolescents, recent trends suggest there is a continued need for interventions targeting condom use for this age group. Methods This review synthesises evidence from qualitative studies that describe the determinants of condom use among adolescents in Southern Africa. We conducted systematic searches in four databases. Data were extracted, appraised for quality and analysed using a ‘best-fit’ framework synthesis approach. Results We coded deductively findings from 23 original studies using an a priori framework and subsequently conducted thematic analysis. Synthesised findings produced six key themes relating to: 1) pervasive unequal gender norms and restrictive masculinities favouring male sexual decision-making and stigmatising condom use in committed relationships; 2) other social norms reflecting negative constructions of adolescent sexuality and non-traditional family planning; 3) economic and political barriers including poverty and a lack of policy support for condom use; 4) service-level barriers including a lack of youth-friendly SRH services and comprehensive sex education in schools; 5) interpersonal barriers and facilitators including unequal power dynamics in sexual partnerships, peer influences and encouraging condoning condom use, and inadequate communication about SRH from parents/caregivers; and 6) negative attitudes and beliefs about condoms and condom use among adolescents. A conceptual model was generated to describe determinants of condom use, illustrating individual-, interpersonal- and structural-level barriers and facilitating factors. Conclusion SRH programming targeting barriers and facilitators of condom use at multiple levels is recommended in Southern Africa. We present a multilevel integrated model of barriers and facilitators to guide adolescent SRH decision-making, programme planning and evaluation. Given the existence of multilevel barriers and facilitators, interventions should, likewise, take a multilevel approach that incorporates locally relevant understanding of the individual-, interpersonal- and structural-level barriers and facilitators to condom use among adolescents in the region.


2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott McCabe ◽  
Chunxiao (Spring) Li ◽  
Zengxiang Chen

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debora Bettiga ◽  
Lucio Lamberti

Purpose This study aims to explore the role of positive and negative anticipated emotions on adoption and continued usage of consumer products. The components of value eliciting anticipated emotions are investigated as well. Design/methodology/approach The conceptual model proposed is tested in two empirical studies, one focussing on functional and hedonic products and one on incremental and radical product innovations. Data are collected through online surveys on consumers and are analysed using structural equation modelling. Findings Results confirm the ability of anticipated emotions to influence product decision-making process. Moreover, anticipated emotions mediate the influence of value perceptions on product attitude. Findings show that these relationships vary greatly between initial adoption and further usage of the product. Practical implications Findings from this study may help marketers in the development of the right brand strategies and communication campaigns, aimed at building emotional connections with the consumer which prompt product adoption and usage. Originality/value Anticipated emotions, the predictions about the emotional consequences of a behaviour, have been acknowledged as strong drivers of consumer choices. Despite that, the role of anticipated emotions in product decision-making has not been explored yet. The present research, by means of a novel conceptual model, uncovers the role of anticipated emotions in both product adoption and continued usage decisions and depicts the components of value arousing such anticipated emotions.


2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-34
Author(s):  
Sara Alvi ◽  
Arif N. Butt ◽  
Anwar Khurshid ◽  
M. Athar Siddiqui

The case aims at highlighting the intra organizational negotiation challenges faced by Engro Marketing team for attaining sales targets. The problem is of goal incongruence and lack of communication regarding sales targets in the organization. Additionally, the structural changes which had added a new layer of management of Area Marketing Managers (AMMs) in Engro led to role ambiguities between the Area Marketing Managers (AMM) and the Zonal Marketing Managers (ZMM). The main challenges that Engro faces are: a) There was an urgent need for differing viewpoints on sales targets to converge to a joint goal setting pattern b) Up-gradation of skills was needed by AMM and ZMM with respect to increased listening and communication, facing and appreciating work-related conflict, working out interpersonal frictions and not using compromise as a basis for organizational decision-making, and c) A commitment to the strategic goals of the company needed to be gained by establishing clear responsibilities for implementing them.


Author(s):  
Fatemeh S. Shahmehr ◽  
Narges Safari ◽  
Mohammad Javad Jamshidi ◽  
Noor-Mohammad Yaghoobi

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susie Perbawasari ◽  
Diah Fatma Sjoraida ◽  
Vidia Ayu Lestari

GPS program was launched in order to improve people's active participation, creating awareness of the importance of protecting the environment, and build a new culture picking up trash. Communications and delivery of messages is done through socialization programs and social media, twitter. The purpose of this study to find out the Public Relations process that consists of collecting of facts and formulation of the problem, the planning and programming, the action and communication, and the evaluation of GPS program that has been done by the organizers. This study used descriptive method. Data collected were through interviews, observation and documents. The organizers of GPS program begins by listening to the comments that raised by external parties, also took to the field looking directly environmental conditions in Bandung to collecting the facts. Organizers prepared GPS program includes the introduction of the situation, goal setting, audience definition, selection of media and techniques of Public Relations, as well as budget planning. Action taken in the program organizers GPS is acting responsive and responsible, while communication in the program include Credibility, Context, Content, Clarity, Continuity and consistency, Channel, and Capability of the Audience. Evaluation program providers include evaluation for decision-making, evaluation of the achievement of objectives, evaluation of results and impact and evaluation of the implementation.


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