scholarly journals SAT0590 ORAL MICROBIOTA IDENTIFIES PATIENTS WITH EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1254.2-1254
Author(s):  
A. Esberg ◽  
L. Johansson ◽  
I. Johansson ◽  
S. Rantapää Dahlqvist
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Periodontal Infection

Background:Several studies have suggested a link between the two chronic inflammatory diseases, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis (PD) [1]. The diseases share similar environmental and genetic risks factors,e.g.,smoking [2] and the HLA-DRB1 alleles [3]. Several serum markers used in the diagnosis of RA have also been found to be elevated in PD,e.g.,anti-citrullinated proteins antibodies (ACPA) and rheumatoid factor (RF) [4]. The connection between PD and RA has been suggested to be explained by several periodontal pathogens,e.g., Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansandPorphyromonas gingivalis, which have been suggested to induce the production of autoantibodies [5, 6].Objectives:To investigate the composition of the concerted saliva microbiota and its role in the development of RA, with the aim of improving the diagnostic tools.Methods:16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of saliva bacterial DNA isolated from a total of 61 early RA (eRA) patients and 59 healthy controls was made. The eRA (symptoms ≤ 12 months) was diagnosed at an Early Arthritis Clinic (fulfilling the 1987 ARA criteria) and matched with the controls for sex and age, except for two of the elderly cases. None of the individuals included in the study had taken antibiotics during the preceding 3 months. No one of the cases were treated with anti-rheumatic drugs except for corticosteroids in 16 cases the latest month.Results:All participants were classified into three hierarchical cluster groups based on their saliva microbiota and the distribution of eRA cases versus controls differed distinctly between the cluster groups. The microbiota from the eRA had higher species richness, differed in beta-diversity, and was enriched for species in the Fusobacterium and Porphyromonas genera, and for the Alloprevotella tannerae, Campylobacter gracilis, Capnocytophaga leadbetteri, Filifactor alocis, Fusobacterium nucleatum subsp. polymorphum, Neisseria elongate, Porphyromionas endodontalis and Prevotella pleuritidis species compared to controls. Combining two topped ranked species,A. tanneraeandCatonella morbisignificantly predicted eRA with an AUC score of 0.86 and a specificity and sensitivity of 0.80 and 0.85, respectively.The predicted functions of the microbiota in eRA patients were dominated by fatty acid metabolism, ornithine metabolism, glucosylceramidase, sphingolipids, beta-lactamase resistance, biphenyl degradation and 17-beta-estradiol 17-dehydrogenase metabolism.Conclusion:In this study a difference in oral microbiota diversity between eRA patients and healthy controls could be shown. Some of the eRA-associated oral bacteria have previously been suggested to play an aetiological role in the development of RA, but others have not been recognized earlier, such as A. tannerae, F. alocis, F. nucleatum subsp. polymorphum, and P. endodontalis, and may therefore be useful in RA risk assessment.References:[1]Fuggle, N.R., et al.,Hand to Mouth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Association between Rheumatoid Arthritis and Periodontitis.Front Immunol, 2016. 7: p. 80.[2]Heliovaara, M., et al.,Smoking and risk of rheumatoid arthritis.J Rheumatol, 1993. 20(11): p. 1830-5.[3]Katz, J., et al.,Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR4. Positive association with rapidly progressing periodontitis.J Periodontol, 1987. 58(9): p. 607-10.[4]Mikuls, T.R., et al.,Periodontitis and Porphyromonas gingivalis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Arthritis Rheumatol, 2014. 66(5): p. 1090-100.[5]Konig, M.F., et al.,Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans-induced hypercitrullination links periodontal infection to autoimmunity in rheumatoid arthritis.Sci Transl Med, 2016. 8(369): p. 369ra176.[6]Rosenstein, E.D., et al.,Hypothesis: the humoral immune response to oral bacteria provides a stimulus for the development of rheumatoid arthritis.Inflammation, 2004. 28(6): p. 311-8.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Oral Microbiome and Preterm Birth: Correlation or Coincidence? A Narrative Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (F) ◽  
pp. 123-132
Author(s):  
Biagio Rapone ◽  
Elisabetta Ferrara ◽  
Nicola Montemurro ◽  
Ilaria Converti ◽  
Matteo Loverro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Periodontal Pathogen ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
Phylogenetic Community Structure ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Periodontal Infection

BACKGROUND: Physiological changes that occur during pregnancy involve, as a natural consequence, also modifications of oral microbiome. However, the addition with microbial imbalance due to pre-existing periodontal infection might impair a pathological alteration in the phylogenetic community structure and composition in the oral cavity, exacerbating an inflammatory status, and becoming a potential risk factor for preterm birth. From the empirical findings about the relationship between periodontal pathogens and systemic diseases, a clear interest focused on the potential impact of some periodontal pathogens on the preterm birth risk has emerged. AIM: Exploration of the potential interdependence existing between dysbiosis of oral microbiome and changes in maternal-fetal barrier in premature rupture of membranes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a Medline search was performed for studies focusing on oral microbioma and its association with pre-term birth, and completed by additional hand searching. Two reviewers independently selected studies and extracted data. The search was restricted to only reports written in English. RESULTS: The electronic search produced 66 items. Six duplicates were found. Among the collected studies, 56 were discarded because they met the exclusion criteria. The articles and reports in our review showed a connection between preterm birth and altered oral microbiome, suggesting a potential key role of Fusobacterium nucleatum, a notable periodontal pathogen involved in several pathological periodontal conditions, in increasing the risk of premature birth. CONCLUSIONS: Since F. nucleatum is frequently associated with preterm birth, it is coherent to hypothesize a potential role for the oral microbiota for preterm birth risk. Further studies should be carried out to determine the changes of the oral microflora in pregnancy and to provide comprehensive knowledge of the diversity of oral bacteria involved in preterm birth.

scholarly journals Dynamics of colonization by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in aggressive periodontitis families

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Martin Bonilha ◽  
Renato Correa Viana Casarin ◽  
Aurélio Amorim Reis ◽  
Mabelle Monteiro ◽  
Larissa Bizarre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Treponema Denticola ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Family Aggregation ◽  
And Gender

Aggressive periodontitis(AgP) is a disease characterized by the presence of periodontal pathogens and family aggregation of cases, possibly related to the vertical transmission of microorganisms. Thus, the project has evaluated the pattern of colonization of some pathogens in children of parents affected by generalized aggressive periodontitis, compared to children of periodontally healthy parents. Five edentulous babies and 15 primary, mixed and permanent dentate children from families with parents affected by AgP were selected and, by a age and gender-matched approach, similar population from eriodontally heath individuals were also selected. From all subjects, saliva was collected, had a DNA extracted and sequenced for Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Treponema denticola (Td), Tannerella forsythia (Tf) identification. Results showed a higher prevalence in AgP-family children regarding Td and Tf. denticola in mixed and permanent dentition (p<0.05). In conclusion,the presence of disease in parentes negatively affectthe oral microbiota of their descendants.

scholarly journals Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Mechanisms of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Gómez-Bañuelos ◽  
Amarshi Mukherjee ◽  
Erika Darrah ◽  
Felipe Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Periodontal Bacteria ◽  
Immune Mediated

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology characterized by immune-mediated damage of synovial joints and antibodies to citrullinated antigens. Periodontal disease, a bacterial-induced inflammatory disease of the periodontium, is commonly observed in RA and has implicated periodontal pathogens as potential triggers of the disease. In particular, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans have gained interest as microbial candidates involved in RA pathogenesis by inducing the production of citrullinated antigens. Here, we will discuss the clinical and mechanistic evidence surrounding the role of these periodontal bacteria in RA pathogenesis, which highlights a key area for the treatment and preventive interventions in RA.

scholarly journals Oral Microbiota Identifies Patients in Early Onset Rheumatoid Arthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1657
Author(s):  
Anders Esberg ◽  
Linda Johansson ◽  
Ingegerd Johansson ◽  
Solbritt Rantapää Dahlqvist
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Disease Manifestation ◽  
Periodontal Status ◽  
Quality Register

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common autoimmune inflammatory disease, and single periodontitis-associated bacteria have been suggested in disease manifestation. Here, the oral microbiota was characterized in relation to the early onset of RA (eRA) taking periodontal status into consideration. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of saliva bacterial DNA from 61 eRA patients without disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and 59 matched controls was performed. Taxonomic classification at 98.5% was conducted against the Human Oral Microbiome Database, microbiota functions were predicted using PICRUSt, and periodontal status linked from the Swedish quality register for clinically assessed caries and periodontitis. The participants were classified into three distinct microbiota-based cluster groups with cluster allocation differences by eRA status. Independently of periodontal status, eRA patients had enriched levels of Prevotella pleuritidis, Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas endodontalis and Filifactor alocis species and in the Porphyromonas and Fusobacterium genera and functions linked to ornithine metabolism, glucosylceramidase, beta-lactamase resistance, biphenyl degradation, fatty acid metabolism and 17-beta-estradiol-17-dehydrogenase metabolism. The results support a deviating oral microbiota composition already in eRA patients compared with healthy controls and highlight a panel of oral bacteria that may be useful in eRA risk assessment in both periodontally healthy and diseased persons.

scholarly journals Salivary markers of oxidative stress and periodontal pathogens in patients with periodontitis from Santander, Colombia

Biomédica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supl. 1) ◽  
pp. 113-124
Author(s):  
Juana P. Sánchez-Villamil ◽  
Carolina Pino-Vélez ◽  
Juanita Trejos-Suárez ◽  
Néstor Cardona ◽  
Ana Lucía España ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Oxidative Markers ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Introduction: Periodontitis affects more than 20% of the Latin American population.Oxidative markers are associated with greater progression of periodontitis; therefore, its role in pathogenesis should be studied.Objective: To determine the prevalence of the main oral bacteria and viruses associated with periodontitis and estimate the total antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation in saliva from patients with periodontitis.Materials and methods: We conducted systemically a cross-sectional study in 101 healthy subjects, 87 of whom had been diagnosed with periodontitis (P), according to the criteria of the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention and the American Academy of Periodontology, and 14 without periodontal pockets as controls (C). In subgingival samples, major viruses and dental pathogenic bacteria were identified using PCR techniques. The levels of total antioxidant capacity and malon-di-aldehyde (MDA) were determined by spectrophotometry in samples of unstimulated saliva.Results: The mean of periodontal depth pocket and clinical attachment loss in patients with periodontitis was 5.6 ± 1.7 and 6.1 ± 3.1 mm, respectively. The most prevalent microorganisms were Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (32.5%) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (18.6%). The patients from rural areas showed a higher percentage of A. actinomycetemcomitans (urban: 17.9% vs. rural: 48.9%, p=0.0018). In patients with periodontitis, the frequency of EBV, HSV1 & 2, and HCMV genes was 2.3%. Periodontitis patients had higher levels of MDA (P: 2.1 ± 1.5; C: 0.46 ± 0.3 μmol/g protein; p=0.0001) and total antioxidant capacity (P: 0.32 ± 0.2; C: 0.15 ± 0.1 mM; p< 0.0036). Oxidative markers showed no modifications due to the presence of periodontopathic bacteria.Conclusions: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was the most prevalent bacteria; its presence did not modify the levels of oxidative markers in the saliva of patients with periodontitis.

scholarly journals Host–microbiota interactions in rheumatoid arthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichi Maeda ◽  
Kiyoshi Takeda
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Th17 Cell ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Periodontal Bacteria ◽  
Growing Body

AbstractThe gut microbiota has been proposed to be an important environmental factor in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we review a growing body of evidence from human and animal studies that supports the hypothesis that intestinal microbiota play a role in RA. Previous studies from we and others showed an altered composition of the microbiota in early RA patients. A recent study demonstrated that Prevotella species are dominant in the intestine of patients in the preclinical stages of RA. In addition, Prevotella-dominated microbiota isolated from RA patients contributes to the development of Th17 cell-dependent arthritis in SKG mice. Moreover, it was reported that periodontal bacteria correlates with the pathogenesis of RA. In this review, we discuss the link between oral bacteria and the development of arthritis. However, many questions remain to be elucidated in terms of molecular mechanisms for the involvement of intestinal and oral microbiota in RA pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Porphyromonas gingivalis induces entero-hepatic metabolic derangements with alteration of gut microbiota in a type 2 diabetes mouse model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoichiro Kashiwagi ◽  
Syunsuke Aburaya ◽  
Naoyuki Sugiyama ◽  
Yuki Narukawa ◽  
Yuta Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Periodontal Infection ◽  
Related Enzyme ◽  
Diabetes Mouse

Abstract Periodontal infection is thought to generate systemic inflammation, thus aggravating diabetes. Furthermore, orally administered periodontal pathogens may directly alter the gut microbiota. To elucidate this, using an obese db/db diabetes mice, orally treated with Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), we screened for Pg-specific peptides in intestinal fecal specimens and examined whether Pg localization affected the intestinal microbiota profile altering gut metabolite levels. Finally, we screened whether deterioration of fasting hyperglycemia was related to changes in intrahepatic glucose metabolism, using proteome and metabolome analyses. As results; (1) Oral Pg treatment aggravated both fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia (P < 0.05) with a significant (P < 0.01) increase in dental alveolar bone resorption. (2) Pg-specific peptides were identified in fecal specimens after oral Pg treatment and intestinal Pg profoundly altered gut microbiome profiles at the phylum, family, and genus levels. Prevotella showed the largest increase in abundance. Furthermore, Pg-treatment significantly altered intestinal metabolite levels. (3) Fasting hyperglycemia was associated with increases in gluconeogenesis-related enzyme and metabolite levels without changes in proinflammatory cytokine expressions and insulin resistance. This work reveals that oral Pg administration induced gut microbiota changes, leading to entero-hepatic metabolic derangements, thereby aggravating hyperglycemia in an obese type 2 diabetes mouse model.

scholarly journals Porphyromonas gingivalis induces entero-hepatic metabolic derangements with alteration of gut microbiota in a type 2 diabetes mouse model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoichiro Kashiwagi ◽  
Shunsuke Aburaya ◽  
Naoyuki Sugiyama ◽  
Yuki Narukawa ◽  
Yuta Sakamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Postprandial Hyperglycemia ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Periodontal Infection ◽  
Diabetes Mouse

AbstractPeriodontal infection induces systemic inflammation; therefore, aggravating diabetes. Orally administered periodontal pathogens may directly alter the gut microbiota. We orally treated obese db/db diabetes mice using Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg). We screened for Pg-specific peptides in the intestinal fecal specimens and examined whether Pg localization influenced the intestinal microbiota profile, in turn altering the levels of the gut metabolites. We evaluated whether the deterioration in fasting hyperglycemia was related to the changes in the intrahepatic glucose metabolism, using proteome and metabolome analyses. Oral Pg treatment aggravated both fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia (P < 0.05), with a significant (P < 0.01) increase in dental alveolar bone resorption. Pg-specific peptides were identified in fecal specimens following oral Pg treatment. The intestinal Pg profoundly altered the gut microbiome profiles at the phylum, family, and genus levels; Prevotella exhibited the largest increase in abundance. In addition, Pg-treatment significantly altered intestinal metabolite levels. Fasting hyperglycemia was associated with the increase in the levels of gluconeogenesis-related enzymes and metabolites without changes in the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and insulin resistance. Oral Pg administration induced gut microbiota changes, leading to entero-hepatic metabolic derangements, thus aggravating hyperglycemia in an obese type 2 diabetes mouse model.

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