scholarly journals Drug and alcohol referrals: are elderly substance abuse diagnoses and referrals being missed?

BMJ ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 308 (6926) ◽  
pp. 444-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
E McInnes ◽  
J Powell
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

scholarly journals Psychosocial Problems and Its Associated Factors among Individual Residing in Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation Centers

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
Sudarshan Basnet ◽  
Arun Kumar Koirala ◽  
Niranjan Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Psychosocial Problems ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Psychological Problem ◽  
Psychosocial Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rehabilitation Centers ◽  
Alcohol Rehabilitation ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

Introduction: Psychosocial problems among substance abusers are one of the important, challenging public health problems in a worldwide context which is often remain unrecognized and left untreated. This study aims to identify the psychosocial problems and its associated factors among individuals residing in drug and alcohol rehabilitation centers. Methods : A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 271 participants from January to July 2019 who are residing in four different rehabilitation centers in Kathmandu. A standard tool ‘Drug Use Screening Inventory – Revised (DUSI-R)’ was used to assess psychosocial problem with face to face interview method. Data were entered in Epi-Data and analyzed using SPSS. Results: Majority of the participants (54.2%) had secondary level education. Most of the participants (43.5%) were unemployed and were found to be involved in substance abuse. The majority of the family member of the participant (62.7%) didn't use alcohol. The starting age of most of the participants (94.5%) who were using drugs was less than 25 years. The mean score of DUSI-R tools was found to be 48.89. The majority of the participants were using alcohol, which was easily available in the market. It was also found that the psychosocial problem was associated with age and education. The psychological problem is seen in less than half (46.1%) of the participant and found to be more prevail in below 30 years of age group and mostly who are in secondary level of education. Conclusions: About half of the participants residing in rehabilitation center had psychosocial problem. Secondary level education period is a crucial time to be more aware where students are at greater risk of having substance abuse including psychosocial problem.

Brain Development and the Risk for Substance Abuse

2013 ◽  
pp. 706-715
Author(s):  
Kristina Caudle ◽  
B.J. Casey
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Brain Development ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Substance Abuse Problem ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Developmental Window

Drug and alcohol dependence affects millions each year. Adolescence is a period of increased risk for substance use disorders. Understanding how the brain is changing during this developmental window relative to childhood and adulthood and how these changes vary across individuals is critical for predicting risk of later substance abuse and dependence. This chapter provides an overview of recent human imaging and animal studies of brain development focusing on changes in corticostriatal circuitry that has been implicated in addiction. Behavioral, clinical, and neurobiological evidence is provided to help elucidate who may be most at risk for developing a substance abuse problem and whenthey may be most vulnerable.

Short-Term Substance Abuse Prevention in Jail: A Cognitive Behavioral Approach

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Peyrot ◽  
Sherman Yen ◽  
Carole A. Baldassano
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Group Leader ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Group Leaders ◽  
Client Participation ◽  
Behavioral Skills ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Program ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

This article describes a cognitive-behavioral program for substance abusers which was first implemented in the Baltimore City Jail in 1987. Similar but separate programs are provided for male and female inmates, consisting of twelve to sixteen contact hours over three to four weeks. In addition to conventional drug and alcohol information (physiologic and psychological effects, treatment options), the program emphasizes cognitive and behavioral skills which can prevent substance abuse, including training in consequential thinking, and stress and anger management. Over a two-year period, 607 males and 131 females were served, of whom 429 (59%) completed the entire program. Both males and females showed statistically significant improvement from pretest to posttest in all knowledge areas. Inmates gave high ratings to the program and group leaders reported substantial change in client attitudes toward drug and alcohol use. Knowledge scores at the end of the program were highest for those who scored higher at pretest, rated their group leader higher, and were rated by their group leader as more active participants. Client participation was the strongest predictor of program outcome.

Family-Based Treatments for Adolescent Substance Abuse: Advances Yield New Developmental Challenges

2016 ◽  
pp. 674-716
Author(s):  
Maya M. Boustani ◽  
Craig E. Henderson ◽  
Howard Liddle
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Adolescent Substance Abuse ◽  
Treatment Development ◽  
Adolescent Substance ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Family Based ◽  
Abuse Treatment ◽  
State Of The Science ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

Adolescent drug and alcohol abuse remains a serious health problem. Family-based treatments are recognized as among the most effective interventions for youth with drug and alcohol problems. This chapter presents the state of the science of the family-based adolescent substance abuse treatment field, summarizing the advances, methodological features, and outcomes of 36 randomized controlled trials, representing 18 distinct models of family-based therapies for youth substance abuse. The chapter reviews developments and gaps in this specialty, including theory issues, treatment development, research, and services for referred youths. The chapter also discusses the unknowns of the field, including the topic of treatment mechanisms and moderators, and deliberates on the complicated topic of implementing evidence-based therapies in usual care settings.

scholarly journals Alcoholism and Identity Change in Eugene O’Neill’s Long Day's Journey into Night

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Shno S. Alaaldin ◽  
Hamid B. Abdulsalam
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Identity Transformation ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Identity Change ◽  
American Theater ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

Although much research has been written on the idea of substance abuse in the American theater, this paper presents a new perspective by discussing how the abuser can undergo an identity change. Drug and alcohol addiction is one of the salient themes of twentieth-century American theater. Playwrights like Eugene O’Neill depicted this social problem in their plays by drawing upon their own personal experience in substance abuse. The paper examines alcoholism and drug addiction in O’Neill’s Long Day's Journey into Night. It shows how addicts experience identity change during the course of their addiction. The main argument, in this paper, is based on some sociological research on alcoholism and identity change proposed by Tammy L. Anderson. Identity transformation of the addicts may result from the existence of various personal and environmental factors, which correlate to personal and social identity respectively. These factors will be used in relation to the characters of the play to show how addicts and alcoholics pass through several stages to reach their final identity change. Those characters, by immersing themselves in substance intake, cease to belong to ‘normals’ and in their search for a new identity they liaise with ‘deviants’ where they find affinity. When the curtain is drawn, the addicted characters have already embarked on their journey which will end, both literally and figuratively, in haziness and fog, a strong indication of their loss of sense of existence and self-awareness.

Influence of an educational program on mental health professionals' knowledge and perceptions of problematic alcohol and other drug use

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Bill Carta ◽  
Brenda Happell ◽  
Jaya Pinikahana
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Problematic Alcohol ◽  
Problematic Drug ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

The issue of co-morbid substance abuse and mental illness is clearly identified in the literature. The adequacy of the knowledge and skills of mental health professionals to deal with the complex problems associated with this co-morbidity has received considerable attention. The effect of an educational program on mental health professionals? knowledge and perceptions of problematic alcohol and substance abuse was measured in a questionnaire survey in Victoria, Australia. The aim was to determine if an educational program could facilitate knowledge and attitudinal change among mental health professionals. In the pre-survey, a questionnaire on knowledge, skills, attitudes and practices was administered to 378 clinicians in Victoria (133 were returned, representing a 46% response rate). In the post-survey, 131 questionnaires were returned (response rate 35%). Significant changes in knowledge were reported following the educational program in the areas of overall knowledge of drug and alcohol, diagnosis of drug and alcohol abuse, and management of drug and alcohol abusers. While positive attitudes towards problematic drug and alcohol issues were expressed, specific educational programs to enhance their knowledge and skills in assessment and management of problematic drug and alcohol users are recommended.

Students' Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Substance Abuse Education: The Impact of Different Delivery Modes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cass Dykeman ◽  
J. Ron Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Alcohol Prevention ◽  
Delivery Mode ◽  
Delivery Modes ◽  
School Based ◽  
Substance Abuse Education ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
Type Of Delivery

Ninety-six students, 12 boys and 12 girls each from the 3rd, 6th, 8th, and 12th grades were interviewed regarding the effectiveness of various delivery modes commonly employed in substance abuse education. These delivery modes included (a) expert-red, (b) teacher-led, (c) peer-led, and (d) parent in-home. Students generally believed that each type of delivery mode would positively effect drug- and alcohol-related knowledge but not behavior. Furthermore, students believed that the expert-led mode would be the most effective means for positively effecting the drug- and alcohol-related knowledge of students. The implications of these results for school-based drug and alcohol prevention efforts are discussed.

scholarly journals Gender differences among adolescents with substance abuse problems at Maria clinics in Sweden

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mats Anderberg ◽  
Mikael Dahlberg
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Alcohol Problems ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drug And Alcohol

Aim: The article describes similarities and differences regarding various risk factors between girls and boys with substance abuse problems who begin outpatient treatment at the Maria clinics in Sweden. Potential hypotheses and some implications are also discussed. Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on interview data from 2169 adolescents obtained over three years from outpatient clinics in 11 Swedish cities. Results: Girls appear to consistently have more difficult family and childhood environments than boys, and are more likely to have problems related to school, more serious substance abuse problems, and more severe mental health problems. Criminal activity is significantly higher among boys. Conclusions: The study shows that girls entering treatment generally have significantly more risk factors than boys and thus more extensive problems in several aspects of life, which in turn increases the risk of developing serious drug and alcohol problems in adulthood. The study supports the gender-paradoxical relationship in which a smaller proportion of girls than boys enter treatment for substance abuse, even though girls tend to have more problematic life situations.

How Do the Schools View Substance Education and Prevention?

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne M. Vissing
Keyword(s):  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
School System ◽  
Abuse Prevention ◽  
Alcohol Abuse Prevention ◽  
Quality Programs ◽  
Drug And Alcohol ◽  
Definite Role

The use of substance (drug and alcohol) abuse prevention and education is commonly found in the school. In the Western Michigan area, few assessments have been conducted on the schools to determine the actual role of substance abuse prevention and education. In order to determine what substance services are currently being provided, and to see what services appear desirable for implementation in the schools, this assessment was conducted on schools in a two county, metropolitan area. The results of this needs assessment indicate that substance programs have a definite role in the school system, and that the expansion of quality programs in conjunction with local substance agencies is desirable.

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