scholarly journals Factor structure and convergent validity of the Derriford Appearance Scale-24 using standard scoring versus treating ‘not applicable’ responses as missing data: a Scleroderma Patient-centered Intervention Network (SPIN) cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e018641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin L Merz ◽  
Linda Kwakkenbos ◽  
Marie-Eve Carrier ◽  
Shadi Gholizadeh ◽  
Sarah D Mills ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Missing Data ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Scoring Methods ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The Uk

ObjectiveValid measures of appearance concern are needed in systemic sclerosis (SSc), a rare, disfiguring autoimmune disease. The Derriford Appearance Scale-24 (DAS-24) assesses appearance-related distress related to visible differences. There is uncertainty regarding its factor structure, possibly due to its scoring method.DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingParticipants with SSc were recruited from 27 centres in Canada, the USA and the UK. Participants who self-identified as having visible differences were recruited from community and clinical settings in the UK.ParticipantsTwo samples were analysed (n=950 participants with SSc; n=1265 participants with visible differences).Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe DAS-24 factor structure was evaluated using two scoring methods. Convergent validity was evaluated with measures of social interaction anxiety, depression, fear of negative evaluation, social discomfort and dissatisfaction with appearance.ResultsWhen items marked by respondents as ‘not applicable’ were scored as 0, per standard DAS-24 scoring, a one-factor model fit poorly; when treated as missing data, the one-factor model fit well. Convergent validity analyses revealed strong correlations that were similar across scoring methods.ConclusionsTreating ‘not applicable’ responses as missing improved the measurement model, but did not substantively influence practical inferences that can be drawn from DAS-24 scores. Indications of item redundancy and poorly performing items suggest that the DAS-24 could be improved and potentially shortened.

Factorial Structure of the Therapist Adherence Measure-Revised (TAM-R) Within Multisystemic Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-431
Author(s):  
Aurelie M. C. Lange ◽  
Marc J. M. H. Delsing ◽  
Ron H. J. Scholte ◽  
Rachel E. A. van der Rijken
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Multisystemic Therapy ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Adherence Measure ◽  
Therapist Adherence ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Us

Abstract. The Therapist Adherence Measure (TAM-R) is a central assessment within the quality-assurance system of Multisystemic Therapy (MST). Studies into the validity and reliability of the TAM in the US have found varying numbers of latent factors. The current study aimed to reexamine its factor structure using two independent samples of families participating in MST in the Netherlands. The factor structure was explored using an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) in Sample 1 ( N = 580). This resulted in a two-factor solution. The factors were labeled “therapist adherence” and “client–therapist alliance.” Four cross-loading items were dropped. Reliability of the resulting factors was good. This two-factor model showed good model fit in a subsequent Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) in Sample 2 ( N = 723). The current finding of an alliance component corroborates previous studies and fits with the focus of the MST treatment model on creating engagement.

scholarly journals Examining the Impostor-Profile—Is There a General Impostor Characteristic?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Ibrahim ◽  
Johann-Christoph Münscher ◽  
Philipp Yorck Herzberg
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Impostor Phenomenon ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Order Model ◽  
First Order ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Best Fit

The Impostor-Profile (IPP) is a six-dimensional questionnaire measuring the Impostor Phenomenon facets. This study aims to test (a) the appropriateness of a total score, (b) measurement invariance (MI) between gender, (c) the reliability of the IPP, and (d) the convergent validity of the IPP subscales. The sample consisted of N = 482 individuals (64% female). To identify whether the scales of the IPP form a total score, we compared four models: (1) six correlating subscales, (2) a general factor model, (3) a second-order model with one second-order factor and six first-order factors, and (4) a bifactorial model with six group factors. The bifactorial model obtained the best fit. This supports the assumption of a total impostor score. The inspection of structural validity between gender subgroups showed configural, metric, and partial scalar MI. Factor mean comparisons supported the assumption that females and males differ in latent means of the Impostor Phenomenon expressions. The omega coefficients showed sufficient reliability (≥0.71), except for the subscale Need for Sympathy. Overall, the findings of the bifactor model fit and construct validity support the assumption that the measurement through total expression is meaningful in addition to the theoretically formulated multidimensionality of the Impostor Phenomenon.

scholarly journals Factor Structure and Gender Invariance Testing for the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2)

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-217
Author(s):  
Leilani A. Madrigal ◽  
Vincenzo Roma ◽  
Todd Caze ◽  
Arthur Maerlender ◽  
Debra Hope
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Psychometric Validation ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Analysis Group ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

This study aimed to provide further psychometric validation of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) by assessing the factor structure, invariance across gender, and convergent and divergent validity of the SAS-2 by correlating both related (i.e., anxiety sensitivity, brief fear of negative evaluation, intolerance of uncertainty, and negative affect) and unrelated constructs (i.e., positive affect, self-confidence). A total of 542 current and former competitive athletes completed a questionnaire through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk system. All data were collected via online survey. Participants were randomly assigned to an exploratory factor analysis (n = 271) and confirmatory factor analysis group (n = 271). Results indicated that both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported the three-factor model of anxiety involving somatic anxiety, worry, and concentration disruption. Additionally, this study found the SAS-2 to be reliable, gender invariant, and have strong construct validity. Our findings extend the generalizability of the SAS-2 in more varied populations of athletic backgrounds.

Assessing Cognitive and Affective Empathy Through the Interpersonal Reactivity Index

Assessment ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 769-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelia G. Chrysikou ◽  
W. Jake Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Reactivity Index ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Affective Empathy ◽  
Interpersonal Reactivity Index ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
First Time

One aspect of higher order social cognition is empathy, a psychological construct comprising a cognitive (recognizing emotions) and an affective (responding to emotions) component. The complex nature of empathy complicates the accurate measurement of these components. The most widely used measure of empathy is the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). However, the factor structure of the IRI as it is predominantly used in the psychological literature differs from Davis’s original four-factor model in that it arbitrarily combines the subscales to form two factors: cognitive and affective empathy. This two-factor model of the IRI, although popular, has yet to be examined for psychometric support. In the current study, we examine, for the first time, the validity of this alternative model. A confirmatory factor analysis showed poor model fit for this two-factor structure. Additional analyses offered support for the original four-factor model, as well as a hierarchical model for the scale. In line with previous findings, females scored higher on the IRI than males. Our findings indicate that the IRI, as it is currently used in the literature, does not accurately measure cognitive and affective empathy and highlight the advantages of using the original four-factor structure of the scale for empathy assessments.

scholarly journals Peplau’s Theory of Interpersonal Relations

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Hagerty ◽  
William Samuels ◽  
Andrea Norcini-Pala ◽  
Eileen Gigliotti
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Middle Range ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Range Theory ◽  
Consumer Assessment ◽  
Three Factor

A confirmatory factor analysis of data from the responses of 12,436 patients to 16 items on the Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems–Hospital survey was used to test a latent factor structure based on Peplau’s middle-range theory of interpersonal relations. A two-factor model based on Peplau’s theory fit these data well, whereas a three-factor model also based on Peplau’s theory fit them excellently and provided a suitable alternate factor structure for the data. Though neither the two- nor three-factor model fit as well as the original factor structure, these results support using Peplau’s theory to demonstrate nursing’s extensive contribution to the experiences of hospitalized patients.

scholarly journals A psychometric evaluation of the 17 itemed Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES-17) in Uganda

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim A. Musenze ◽  
Thomas S. Mayende
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Utrecht Work Engagement Scale ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Purpose - This study aimed at the establishment of the psychometric properties of the UWES-17 itemed factorial structure.  This was done by examining the similarities and differences in  terms of model fit of the tri-factor model to a one-factor model.  Design/methodology/approach - Using a cross-sectional design, confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate the 17-item uni-dimensional and the 17-item tri-factor UWES respectively on a sample of 323 Education Assistants (professional teachers) in Uganda. Findings - The study confirmed an 11 item tri-factor UWES-Ug as a reliable and parsimonious factor structure within this cohort.Research limitations/implications - The sample was restricted to teachers and this limits the generalisability of the findings.Practical implications - On account of these results, the study sample evidently attests to the fact that work engagement is best represented as a tri-factor construct in Ugandan context.  This study contributes to theory by confirmation of the three-factor structure of work engagement in developing countries through use of perceptual data from a Ugandan sample. Originality/value - This is a pioneer empirical study that validates the UWES 17 itemed scale in Uganda.

scholarly journals The (mis)measurement of the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen: Exploitation at the core of the scale

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petri J Kajonius ◽  
Björn N Persson ◽  
Patricia Rosenberg ◽  
Danilo Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Item Response ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Test Theory ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
The Core ◽  
Dirty Dozen

Background: The dark side of human character has been conceptualized in the Dark Triad Model: Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism. These three dark traits are often measured using single long instruments for each one of the traits. Nevertheless, there is a necessity of short and valid personality measures in psychological research. As an independent research group, we replicated the factor structure, convergent validity and item response for one of the most recent and widely used short measures to operationalize these malevolent traits, namely, Jonason’s Dark Triad Dirty Dozen. We aimed to expand the understanding of what the Dirty Dozen really captures because the mixed results on construct validity in previous research. Method: We used the largest sample to date to respond to the Dirty Dozen (N = 3,698). We firstly investigated the Dirty Dozen’s factor structure using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Secondly, using sub-sample (n = 500) and correlation analyses, we investigated the Dirty Dozen dark traits convergent validity to Machiavellianism measured by the Mach-IV, psychopathy measured by Eysenck’s Personality Questionnaire Revised, narcissisms using the Narcissism Personality Inventory, and both neuroticism and extraversion from the Eysenck’s questionnaire. Finally, besides these Classic Test Theory analyses, we analyzed the responses for each Dirty Dozen item using Item Response Theory (IRT). Results: The results confirmed previous findings of a bi-factor model fit: one latent core dark trait, plus the three dark traits. An additional exploratory distribution analysis showed that all three Dirty Dozen traits had a striking bi-modal distribution, which might indicate unconcealed social undesirability with the items. The three Dirty Dozen traits did converge to, although not strongly, with the contiguous single Dark Triad scales (r between .41-.49). The probabilities of filling out steps on the Dirty Dozen narcissism-items were much higher than on the Dirty Dozen items for Machiavellianism and psychopathy. Overall, the Dirty Dozen instrument delivered the most predictive value with persons with average and high Dark Triad traits (Theta > -0.5). Moreover, the Dirty Dozen scale was better conceptualized as measured of a combined Machiavellianism-psychopathy factor, not narcissism, that can be replaced with item 4: ‘I tend to exploit others towards my own end’. Conclusion: The Dirty Dozen showed a consistent factor structure, a relatively convergent validity similar to that found in earlier studies. Narcissism measured using the Dirty Dozen, however, did not contribute with information to the core constitution of the Dirty Dozen construct. More importantly, the results imply a Single Item Dirty Dark Triad (SIDDT) measure of a manipulative and anti-social core as the content of the Dirty Dozen scale.

Factor Structure of the Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale in Korea

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 990-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Gwi Lee ◽  
Hanna Suh ◽  
Hee-Kyung Lee
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Korean Version ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Korean College Students

This study explored the factor structure of the Korean version of the Perfectionistic Self-Presentation Scale, originally developed by Hewitt and colleagues in 2003 with three factors (Perfectionistic Self-promotion, Non-display of Imperfection, and Non-disclosure of Imperfection). In Study 1, a confirmatory factor analysis was performed on the Korean version with 27 items for 151 Korean college students, but the model fit was poor. Subsequently, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted, and the results yielded three factors as found in Hewitt, et al., yet with 20 items rather than the original 27 items. This new version had good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = .88); convergent validity estimate was established with a measure of self-presentation motivation. In Study 2, to support the structural validity of the Korean version, another confirmatory factor analysis was conducted with 203 Korean college students. The model fit was good, but a few amendments were made.

Further Examination of the Factor Integrity of the Sport Anxiety Scale

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Prapavessis ◽  
Ralph Maddison ◽  
Richard Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Item Response ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Measure Concentration ◽  
Improve Model ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Rugby Players

The purpose of the present study was to provide further evidence for the factor structure and composition of the Sport Anxiety Scale (SAS; Smith, Smoll, & Schutz, 1990) using a sample of competitive male rugby players (N = 570). Three models were tested using both confirmatory factor analytic and polyto-mous item-response theory procedures: Smith et al’s original model; Dunn et al.’s (2000) alternative model in which Items 14 and 20 were originally designed to measure Concentration Disruption load on the Worry factor (Model A); and Model B (the removal of Item 1). Results showed that Models A and B provided similar fits to the data. Overall these findings argue for the utilization of Model B to improve model fit and maintain conceptual clarity. Our findings suggest that the factor structure and composition of the SAS needs further examination and possible refinement before researchers can feel more confident about the effectiveness of the instrument’s psychometric properties.

Factorial structure of the Resiliency Scale for Children and Adolescents (RSCA) among incarcerated male adolescent offenders

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Gibson ◽  
Jane Clarbour
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Male Adolescent ◽  
Adolescent Offenders ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Three Factor

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the factor structure of the Resiliency Scales for Children and Adolescents (RSCA, Prince-Embury, 2006, 2007) and to provide supporting evidence that this is a psychometrically sound measure for practitioners and researchers to use to assess resilience in incarcerated male adolescent offenders in the UK. Design/methodology/approach Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to determine if the factor structure could be replicated among incarcerated male adolescent offenders. Concurrent validation of the measure was also conducted, utilising the Beck Youth Inventory, second edition (BYI-II-II; Beck et al., 2005). Findings CFA of the RSCA was unable to confirm the structure of the measure at an item level, therefore parcelling techniques were utilised similarly to Prince-Embury and Courville (2008), using the subscales for the factors as indicators for the factors. While a three-factor model was found to be an acceptable fit to the data, there was also some support for a two-factor model. Despite this, there was more statistical support for the three-factor model and arguments are made for retaining this structure. Expected associations between the three subscales of sense of mastery, sense of relatedness and emotional reactivity were found with the Beck Youth Inventory demonstrating support for the concurrent validity of the measure in incarcerated male adolescent offenders. Practical implications This paper provides support for the internal structure of the RSCA with incarcerated male adolescent offenders within the UK, although some caution should be used when interpreting scores from the subscales. The findings suggest that the RSCA can be utilised by practitioners to identify young people who may benefit from additional support and also in assessment and treatment/intervention planning. This may be particularly useful when practitioners wish to explore the potential protective nature of resilience. Originality/value The current study is the first of its kind to formally explore the factor structure of the RSCA with incarcerated male adolescent offenders.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document