scholarly journals Correlates and aetiological factors associated with hedonic well-being among an ageing population of US men and women: secondary data analysis of a national survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. e020962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Odlum ◽  
Nicole Davis ◽  
Otis Owens ◽  
Michael Preston ◽  
Russell Brewer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Successful Ageing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women

ObjectiveTo understand the gender-specific factors that uniquely contribute to successful ageing in a US population of men and women, 57–85 years of age. This was achieved through the examination of the correlates of subjective well-being defined by health-related quality of life (HRQoL), across several biological and psychosocial determinants of health.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingThe National Social Life, Health and Ageing Project (NSHAP), 2010–2011 a representative sample of the US population.Participants3377 adults aged 57–85 (1538 men, 1839 women) from the NSHAP.Main outcome measuresThe biopsychosocial factors of biological/physiological function, symptom status, functional status, general health perceptions and HRQoL happiness.MethodHRQoL was measured using the NSHAP wave 2 multistage, stratified area probability sample of US households (n=3377). Variable selection was guided by the Wilson and Cleary model (WCM) that classifies health outcomes at five main levels and characteristics.ResultsOur findings indicate differences in biopsychosocial factors comprised in the WCM and their relative importance and unique impact on HRQoL by gender. Women reported significantly lower HRQoL than men (t=3.5, df=3366). The most significant contributors to HRQoL in women were mental health (B=0.31; 0.22, 0.39), loneliness (B=−0.26; −0.35, –0.17), urinary incontinence (B=−0.22; −0.40, –0.05) and support from spouse/partner (B=0.27; 0.10, 0.43) and family B=0.12; 0.03, 0.20). Men indicated mental health (B=0.21; 0.14, 0.29), physical health (B=0.17; 0.10, 0.23), functional difficulties (B=0.38; 0.10, 0.65), loneliness (B=−0.20; −0.26, –0.12), depression (B=−0.36; −0.58, –0.15) and support from friends (B=0.06; 0.10, 0.11) as significant contributors. Those with greater social support had better HRQoL (F=4.22, df=4). Lack of companionship and reliance on spouse/partner were significant HRQoL contributors in both groups.ConclusionOur findings offer insight into ageing, gender and subjective well-being. The results provide an opportunity to identify biopsychosocial factors to inform interventions to support successful ageing.

Conflict Avoidance in Old Age

GeroPsych ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia Oberhauser ◽  
Andreas B. Neubauer ◽  
Eva-Marie Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Conflict Avoidance ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. Conflict avoidance increases across the adult lifespan. This cross-sectional study looks at conflict avoidance as part of a mechanism to regulate belongingness needs ( Sheldon, 2011 ). We assumed that older adults perceive more threats to their belongingness when they contemplate their future, and that they preventively react with avoidance coping. We set up a model predicting conflict avoidance that included perceptions of future nonbelonging, termed anticipated loneliness, and other predictors including sociodemographics, indicators of subjective well-being and perceived social support (N = 331, aged 40–87). Anticipated loneliness predicted conflict avoidance above all other predictors and partially mediated the age-association of conflict avoidance. Results suggest that belongingness regulation accounts may deepen our understanding of conflict avoidance in the second half of life.

scholarly journals Public Concerns during the COVID-19 Lockdown: A Multicultural Cross-Sectional Study among Internet Survey Respondents in Three Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1577
Author(s):  
Alona Emodi-Perlman ◽  
Ilana Eli ◽  
Nir Uziel ◽  
Joanna Smardz ◽  
Anahat Khehra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Culturally Different ◽  
Patient Health

(1) Background: this study aimed to evaluate the worries, anxiety, and depression in the public during the initial coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic lockdown in three culturally different groups of internet survey respondents: Middle Eastern (Israel), European (Poland), and North American (Canada). (2) Methods: a cross-sectional online survey was conducted in the mentioned countries during the lockdown periods. The survey included a demographic questionnaire, a questionnaire on personal concerns, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4). A total of 2207 people successfully completed the survey. (3) Results: Polish respondents were the most concerned about being infected. Canadian respondents worried the most about their finances, relations with relatives and friends, and both physical and mental health. Polish respondents worried the least about their physical health, and Israeli respondents worried the least about their mental health and relations with relatives and friends. Canadian respondents obtained the highest score in the PHQ-4, while the scores of Israeli respondents were the lowest. (4) Conclusions: various factors should be considered while formulating appropriate solutions in emergency circumstances such as a pandemic. Understanding these factors will aid in the development of strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of stress, social isolation, and uncertainty on the well-being and mental health of culturally different societies.

scholarly journals The Influence of Technology on Mental Well-Being of STEM Teachers at University Level: COVID-19 as a Stressor

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9605
Author(s):  
Johanna Andrea Navarro-Espinosa ◽  
Manuel Vaquero-Abellán ◽  
Alberto-Jesús Perea-Moreno ◽  
Gerardo Pedrós-Pérez ◽  
Pilar Aparicio-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Education ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Mental Well Being

Stress can result in psychopathologies, such as anxiety or depression, when this risk factor continues in time. One major stressor was the COVID-19 pandemic, which triggered considerable emotional distress and mental health issues among different workers, including teachers, with another stressor: technology and online education. A mixed-method approach is presented in this research, combining a cross-sectional study of university teachers from Ecuador and Spain with a medium of twenty years of working experience (N = 55) and a bibliometric analysis carried out in three databases (161 documents). The levels of anxiety and depression, and therefore the risk of developing them as mental disorders, were high. The lack of training (p < 0.01), time (p < 0.05), or research regarding the use of technology in education (p < 0.01) and stress caused by COVID-19 (p < 0.001) were linked to frequency. The most relevant observational study obtained through the bibliometric analysis (138 citations and over 65% of methodological quality) indicated that previous training and behavioral factors are key in the stress related to technology. The combination of the results indicated that mental health in STEM teachers at university is related to diverse factors, from training to the family and working balance.

scholarly journals Urban environment and mental health: the NAMED project, protocol for a mixed-method study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e031963
Author(s):  
Laura Lauwers ◽  
Sonia Trabelsi ◽  
Ingrid Pelgrims ◽  
Hilde Bastiaens ◽  
Eva De Clercq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Residential Environment ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Wide Audience

IntroductionMental health issues appear as a growing problem in modern societies and tend to be more frequent in big cities. Where increased evidence exists for positive links between nature and mental health, associations between urban environment characteristics and mental health are still not well understood. These associations are highly complex and require an interdisciplinary and integrated research approach to cover the broad range of mitigating factors. This article presents the study protocol of a project called Nature Impact on Mental Health Distribution that aims to generate a comprehensive understanding of associations between mental health and the urban residential environment.Methods and analysisFollowing a mixed-method approach, this project combines quantitative and qualitative research. In the quantitative part, we analyse among the Brussels urban population associations between the urban residential environment and mental health, taking respondents’ socioeconomic status and physical health into account. Mental health is determined by the mental health indicators in the national Health Interview Survey (HIS). The urban residential environment is described by subjective indicators for the participant’s dwelling and neighbourhood present in the HIS and objective indicators for buildings, network infrastructure and green environment developed for the purpose of this project. We assess the mediating role of physical activity, social life, noise and air pollution. In the qualitative part, we conduct walking interviews with Brussels residents to record their subjective well-being in association with their neighbourhood. In the validation part, results from these two approaches are triangulated and evaluated through interviews and focus groups with stakeholders of healthcare and urban planning sectors.Ethics and disseminationThe Privacy Commission of Belgium and ethical committee from University Hospital of Antwerp respectively approved quantitative database merging and qualitative interviewing. We will share project results with a wide audience including the scientific community, policy authorities and civil society through scientific and non-expert communication.

Mental Health Status in Semnan University of Medical Sciences Employees

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
M. Saberian ◽  
S. Hajiaghajani ◽  
R. Ghorbani ◽  
B. Behnam
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Setting ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Background:The mission of every University is to educate professionals to improve the quality of well being of body and mind of the society's members. To approach this important issue, Universities needs healthy employee to enable them to educate healthy qualified and well trained. This study was aimed to evaluate the status of mental health of Semnan University of medical sciences employees.Material and methods:This is a descriptive- analytical performed in a cross- sectional study. Samples were 414 employee. data were collected trough a self - reporting questionnaire (GHQ-28). Data were analyzed by spss and also mean, standard deviation, absolute & relative frequency were detected. Chi-square, Pearson & Spearman correlation coefficient at the level of 5% and logistic regression analysis was used for analysis.Findings:Total of 28.6% suffers from mental disorder. The most were working in treatment setting (41%). People aged 40-49 were 29.3 %, women were 37.4%, University undergraduate 40.7%, not married single 60%, 20 or more year work experienced 35.2%, had the most prominent mental disorder. Interpretation logistic regression showed that index of gender, level of education, and occupation has significant influence over mental disorder.Conclusion:The degree of mental disorder is 2.5 more than the statistics reported by WHO, but is similar with those reported in Iran. More investigation needs to better understanding the higher prevalence of mental disorder among women, university undergraduate, government employee and those working in treatment setting. The result of these studies can lead to find solution to resolve this problem.

CONSPICUOUS CONSUMPTION OF ONLINE SOCIAL NETWORKING DEVICES AND SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING OF BANGKOKIANS

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (05) ◽  
pp. 1371-1395
Author(s):  
CHANTAL HERBERHOLZ ◽  
NATTAYA PRAPAIPANICH
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Conspicuous Consumption ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Online Social Networking ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Material Goods ◽  
Consumption Theory

Empirical evidence of the conspicuous consumption theory is limited and ambiguous. It has been shown, however, that the consumption of life experiences makes people happier than the consumption of material goods. Yet, these studies typically conduct dichotomous comparisons and do not distinguish between conspicuous and inconspicuous consumption. Conspicuous and inconspicuous online social networking devices (OSND) are experiential goods and as such fall between life experiences and material goods. The objective of this paper, thus, is to examine the relationship between conspicuous consumption of OSND and subjective well-being, which is proxied by happiness and mental health. Cross-sectional data ([Formula: see text]) were collected in 2015 using probability sampling. The ordered logistic regression results reveal that conspicuous consumption of OSND is negatively related with happiness and mental health in all regressions as hypothesized, while the coefficient on inconspicuous consumption of OSND is positive. Also, the number of virtual friends is negatively associated with happiness. Among the control variables, it is noteworthy that respondents with high blood pressure, used to capture physical health, have lower happiness and mental health, while respondents with higher education and high own monthly income exhibit higher happiness and mental health. Respondents, whose personality can best be characterized as “agreeable”, have lower happiness and mental health which is in line with the old saying that “nice guys finish last”.

scholarly journals Predictors of Mental Health in Adolescence: The Role of Personality, Dispositional Optimism, and Social Support

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402091796
Author(s):  
Iva Burešová ◽  
Martin Jelínek ◽  
Jaroslava Dosedlová ◽  
Helena Klimusová
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Dispositional Optimism ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Orientation Test

In line with the current psychological approach to health in general, mental health is perceived not only as the absence of psychopathological disorders, but also the presence of well-being. The study contributes to the identification of possible sources affecting mental health in adolescence. This cross-sectional study focuses on the role of personality traits, dispositional optimism, and perceived social support in predicting mental health in adolescence. Mental health was assessed using Mental Health Continuum, personality traits using Big Five Inventory, dispositional optimism using Life Orientation Test—Revised and social support by Close Relationships and Social Support Scale. The research sample consisted of 1,239 respondents aged 12 to 19 years (mean age 15.56 years), 54.3% females and 45.7 % males. Sequential regression analysis revealed that demographic variables and personality characteristics together explained 33.5% of mental health variance, the strongest predictors being extraversion and neuroticism. Including dispositional optimism and perceived social support resulted in a significant increase of the explained variance. All predictors together explained 46.0% of the mental health variance.

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