scholarly journals Physicians’ perceptions of followership in resuscitation in Japan and the USA: a qualitative study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e047860
Author(s):  
Yoko Akamine ◽  
Rintaro Imafuku ◽  
Takuya Saiki ◽  
Jannet Lee-Jayaram ◽  
Benjamin W Berg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Emergency Physicians ◽  
Speaking Up ◽  
Successful Resuscitation ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Tone Of Voice

ObjectivesWhile leadership is accepted as a crucial aspect of a successful resuscitation team, the role of followership has not been sufficiently explored. This study aims to explore physicians’ perceptions of common favourable followership in resuscitation teams in two different countries.DesignA qualitative study with interviews and a reflexive thematic analysis.SettingThe authors individually interviewed critical care and emergency physicians whose clinical experience exceeded 6 years in Japan and the USA.ParticipantsA total of 18 physicians participated in a face-to-face, semistructured and in-depth interviews.ResultsFive themes and nine subthemes related to followership in resuscitation were identified. Under technical skills, two themes (being knowledgeable and skilled) and three subthemes (understanding guidelines/algorithms, clinical course and being competent with procedural skills), were generated. Under non-technical skills, three themes (assuming roles, team communication and flattening hierarchy) and six subthemes (taking roles spontaneously, calm tone of voice, sharing information, closed-loop communication, respectful attitude and speaking up), were generated. Each generated theme involved commonly perceived favourable attributes of followership in resuscitation teams by experienced critical care and emergency physicians in both countries.ConclusionsThis study clarified physicians’ perception of common favourable followership attributes in resuscitation teams, both in Japan and in the USA. The results of this study shed light on followership-focused resuscitation education, where followership skills are generally underestimated.

scholarly journals Long COVID and the role of physical activity: a qualitative study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e047632
Author(s):  
Helen Humphreys ◽  
Laura Kilby ◽  
Nik Kudiersky ◽  
Robert Copeland
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Telephone Interviews ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Insight Into

ObjectivesTo explore the lived experience of long COVID with particular focus on the role of physical activity.DesignQualitative study using semistructured interviews.Participants18 people living with long COVID (9 men, 9 women; aged between 18–74 years; 10 white British, 3 white Other, 3 Asian, 1 black, 1 mixed ethnicity) recruited via a UK-based research interest database for people with long COVID.SettingTelephone interviews with 17 participants living in the UK and 1 participant living in the USA.ResultsFour themes were generated. Theme 1 describes how participants struggled with drastically reduced physical function, compounded by the cognitive and psychological effects of long COVID. Theme 2 highlights challenges associated with finding and interpreting advice about physical activity that was appropriately tailored. Theme 3 describes individual approaches to managing symptoms including fatigue and ‘brain fog’ while trying to resume and maintain activities of daily living and other forms of exercise. Theme 4 illustrates the battle with self-concept to accept reduced function (even temporarily) and the fear of permanent reduction in physical and cognitive ability.ConclusionsThis study provides insight into the challenges of managing physical activity alongside the extended symptoms associated with long COVID. Findings highlight the need for greater clarity and tailoring of physical activity-related advice for people with long COVID and improved support to resume activities important to individual well-being.

scholarly journals Making soft intelligence hard: a multi-site qualitative study of challenges relating to voice about safety concerns

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 710-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham P Martin ◽  
Emma-Louise Aveling ◽  
Anne Campbell ◽  
Carolyn Tarrant ◽  
Peter J Pronovost ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Employee Voice ◽  
Senior Leaders ◽  
Speaking Up ◽  
Academic Hospitals ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
Organisational Intervention

BackgroundHealthcare organisations often fail to harvest and make use of the ‘soft intelligence’ about safety and quality concerns held by their own personnel. We aimed to examine the role of formal channels in encouraging or inhibiting employee voice about concerns.MethodsQualitative study involving personnel from three academic hospitals in two countries. Interviews were conducted with 165 participants from a wide range of occupational and professional backgrounds, including senior leaders and those from the sharp end of care. Data analysis was based on the constant comparative method.ResultsLeaders reported that they valued employee voice; they identified formal organisational channels as a key route for the expression of concerns by employees. Formal channels and processes were designed to ensure fairness, account for all available evidence and achieve appropriate resolution. When processed through these formal systems, concerns were destined to become evidenced, formal and tractable to organisational intervention. But the way these systems operated meant that some concerns were never voiced. Participants were anxious about having to process their suspicions and concerns into hard evidentiary facts, and they feared being drawn into official procedures designed to allocate consequence. Anxiety about evidence and process was particularly relevant when the intelligence was especially ‘soft’—feelings or intuitions that were difficult to resolve into a coherent, compelling reconstruction of an incident or concern. Efforts to make soft intelligence hard thus risked creating ‘forbidden knowledge’: dangerous to know or share.ConclusionsThe legal and bureaucratic considerations that govern formal channels for the voicing of concerns may, perversely, inhibit staff from speaking up. Leaders responsible for quality and safety should consider complementing formal mechanisms with alternative, informal opportunities for listening to concerns.

Place development for international retirement migrants: a decision-making process model

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-468
Author(s):  
Ann Suwaree Ashton ◽  
Noel Scott ◽  
Therdchai Choibamroong
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Retirement Migration ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Analyse Data

Purpose This study aims to investigate the decision-making processes of international retirement migrants. The development of a place in response to the high demand for international retirement migration has become an important strategy for stakeholders within host destinations; of particular interest is international retirement migrant behaviour and intention to stay and retire in a foreign country. Design/methodology/approach This research presents the results of a qualitative study using face-to-face interview techniques. Content analysis technique was used to analyse data from interviews with 33 international retirees in Thailand. Findings Destination stakeholders must consider creating awareness of the destination through WOM, trustworthy websites and government channels, which migrants evaluate a destination based on pre-retirement visits that create attachment and emotional feelings for the place, and finally, the decision-making processes of short stay, semi-permanent and permanent migrants. Research limitations/implications This qualitative study investigated migrants from Europe, Australia and the USA. An understanding of IR migrants from Asia needs further research. Practical implications The results can be used as guidelines for government, hospitality and tourism stakeholders. IR migrants want different destination attributes to mainstream tourists, especially a peaceful environment, mild weather (not too cold or hot), and to live among locals. Originality/value This study examines migrant decision-making processes. The results provide a theoretical foundation for how IR migrants decide to retire overseas. This comprises three components: destination awareness, secondly, evaluation of the destination’s resources, and finally, the decision and implementation of their plans.

scholarly journals The role of patients and their relatives in ‘speaking up’ about their own safety - a qualitative study of acute illness

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Rainey ◽  
Kathryn Ehrich ◽  
Nicola Mackintosh ◽  
Jane Sandall
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Acute Illness ◽  
Speaking Up

scholarly journals Support for the Death Penalty in Taiwan?: a Study of Value Conflict and Ambivalence

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susyan Jou ◽  
Bill Hebenton
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Value Conflict ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Nuanced Understanding

AbstractWhile a substantial number of studies have examined public opinion on the death penalty in the USA, and more recently parts of Asia, including China, very few empirical studies have considered support for the death penalty in Taiwan. This paper examines public attitudes in Taiwan and the role of ‘value conflict’ in attitudes to both death penalty abolition and in the context of alternatives. Using the results of 1016 respondents drawn from a national face-to-face sample (n = 2039) survey conducted by the Taiwan Alliance to End the Death Penalty (TAEDP) in 2014, we demonstrate that public attitudes in Taiwan are simultaneously committed to many underlying values in conflict. The results also indicate that value conflict exists among the majority of the sample (more than 60 per cent) who are prepared to accept alternatives to abolition, and whom we can describe as ambivalent. Recognition of value conflict, ambivalence and the moral psychology underpinning public attitudes to the death penalty is essential, not only conceptually but to allow for a more appropriate and nuanced understanding of the abolitionist/retentionist debate.

scholarly journals Connoisseurship Consumption and Market Evolution: An Instituional Theory Perspective on the Growth of Specialty Coffee Consumption in the USA

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronan Torres Quintão ◽  
Eliane Pereira Zamith Brito
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Consumer Culture ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Market Evolution ◽  
Market Change ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Specialty Coffee

Many scholars in the consumer culture field have attempted to understand how market evolves. Recently, marketing research has focused on the consumer-marketer relationship, considering peripheral consumers, and other marketplace actors who play important roles in consumption. However, little research in the marketing field has addressed the market dynamics in a context where consumers involved in connoisseurship practices take part in some aspect of institutional market change. Drawing from institutional theory, we develop answers to the question: how does the increasing prevalence of connoisseurship consumption affect the market? Inspired by the legitimacy concept, we evaluate the specialty coffee consumption context in order to advance and systematically analyze the role of connoisseurship consumption in the market. In extensive qualitative study, 542 newspaper articles from 1980 to 2013 were analyzed. This research offers two main contributions to the existing literature. First, several types of cultural-cognitive legitimacy (including consumer generational, health concerns, and taste) began to shift in the 1980s, which increased the connoisseurship consumption and affected the market well into the 2000s. Second, connoisseurship consumption arises when marketplace actors intersect with the tastes and desires of consumers.

The Role of Intranets to Facilitate Designer/Client Communication

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Challice ◽  
Peter Hogarth
Keyword(s):  
Market Place ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Correct Information ◽  
High Street ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Client Communication ◽  
Available Technology ◽  
The Right ◽  
E Mail

Abstract Speed of product to the market place was always important. This has become increasingly so with the onslaught of globalisation. What is released on the High Street in the USA today will be sold on the shelves and counters of shops in other continents within days. This has placed pressure on the designer to complete his task or contract with even more alacrity than was the case, even as recently as ten years ago. The cliché “we have the Technology”, is a truism in the world of manufacturing and design, but use of the available technology is, perhaps, not as apparent as it is generally accepted to be. In order to get the product to the market at the right price demands an ever closer liaison between the product designer and the client. More often than not, the “product” is an enhancement or improvement of one which already exists. In addition, it is not unusual for the designer to be a contractor or 3rd party not physically resident in the premises of the client. As a consequence, communication is rarely conducted face to face but via other means, ie e-mail, telephone etc. Yet, in order to prevent misunderstanding, it is essential that correct information is relayed between the relevant parties. It is also necessary for the information about changes in the product to be available to other members of the client’s company so that the necessary decisions regarding price, sales schedules, re-tooling etc. can be made. Ultimately, these changes will have to be incorporated in the company’s Business Plan. Research at Bournemouth University suggests that use of the technology available to relay information is not as widespread as it could be. The three major areas of finance, product and design have been approached and the results of the research appear below.

The perceived role of Islam in immigrant Muslim medical practice within the USA: an exploratory qualitative study

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 365-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
A I Padela ◽  
H Shanawani ◽  
J Greenlaw ◽  
H Hamid ◽  
M Aktas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
The Usa

Collection of Ego-Centered Network Data with Computer-Assisted Interviews

Methodology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Gerich ◽  
Roland Lehner
Keyword(s):  
Survey Methods ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Dynamic Structure ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Full Network

Although ego-centered network data provide information that is limited in various ways as compared with full network data, an ego-centered design can be used without the need for a priori and researcher-defined network borders. Moreover, ego-centered network data can be obtained with traditional survey methods. However, due to the dynamic structure of the questionnaires involved, a great effort is required on the part of either respondents (with self-administration) or interviewers (with face-to-face interviews). As an alternative, we will show the advantages of using CASI (computer-assisted self-administered interview) methods for the collection of ego-centered network data as applied in a study on the role of social networks in substance use among college students.

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