scholarly journals Positive psychological profiles based on perceived health clustering in patients with cardiovascular disease: a longitudinal study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e050818
Author(s):  
Rosario Castillo-Mayén ◽  
Bárbara Luque ◽  
Sebastián Jesús Rubio ◽  
Esther Cuadrado ◽  
Tamara Gutiérrez-Domingo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Psychological Profiles ◽  
Cardiovascular Patients ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

ObjectivesPsychological well-being and sociodemographic factors have been associated with cardiovascular health. Positive psychological well-being research is limited in the literature; as such, this study aimed to investigate how patients with cardiovascular disease could be classified according to their perceived mental and physical health, and to identify positive psychological profiles based on this classification and test their stability over time.Design and settingLongitudinal study with patients from a public hospital located in Córdoba (Spain).ParticipantsThis study comprised 379 cardiovascular patients (87.3% men) tested at three measurement points.Outcome measuresParticipants reported their sociodemographic variables (age, sex, educational level, employment and socioeconomic status) at phase 1, while their perceived health and variables relating to positive psychological well-being were tested at this and two subsequent time points (average interval time: 9 months).ResultsThe two-step cluster analysis classified participants into three groups according to their mental and physical health levels, p<0.001: high (n=76), moderate (n=113) and low (n=189) perceived health clusters. Low perceived health was the largest cluster, comprising almost half of patients. Clusters significantly differed according to sex, p=0.002, and socioeconomic level, p=0.004. The profile analysis indicated that participants in the high perceived health cluster showed high positive affect, positivity, life satisfaction, and self-efficacy in emotion regulation, and less negative affect and use of passive strategies over the three measurement points (95% CI, all ps<0.01). Moreover, psychological profile stability for each cluster was generally found over an 18-month period, all ps<0.05.ConclusionCardiovascular patients may differ in terms of their perceived health and, accordingly, in terms of other relevant variables. Perceived health clusters generated varying and generally stable psychological profiles based on positive psychological well-being variables. Psychological interventions should be adapted to patients’ requirements.

scholarly journals Social support, self-perceived health and mental status of general population of Republic of Srpska

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 180-185
Author(s):  
Jelena Niskanovic ◽  
Sladjana Siljak
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Mental Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Introduction. Social support is defined as perception of how other people take care of us, how they understand our needs and give us support. Social support has positive influence on health, adoption of healthy lifestyles and recovery from illness. Objective. The aim of this paper is to detect the level of social support across different socio-demographic groups and to analyze relationship between social support, self-perceived health and mental well-being. Methods. Data from the 2010 Household Survey (National Health Survey) for the Republic of Srpska were used. A specially designed questionnaire was used, developed on the basis of internationally recognized and accepted instruments. Representative sample of 4,178 persons aged 18 and older were interviewed. Results. The obtained results showed that the level of social support was the lowest among the oldest population, persons with the lowest level of education unemployed and unmarried. There was present relationship between social support, self-perceived health and mental health (distress/stress and vitality). It was detected that males mostly lived alone relying on help from neighbors, while females mostly lived with other household members and relied more on persons close to them. Conclusion. Social support appears to be related to mental status and self-perceived health. The results are intertwined with different age groups and they can provide baseline for further analysis of causal relationship between social support and mental and physical health among different age categories. Detecting a link among social support, mental and physical health could provide insight into the mechanisms of social support influencing health status and behaviour.

scholarly journals The Effect of English as a Foreign Language Teachers’ Optimism and Affectivity on Their Psychological Well-Being

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuena Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Positive Thinking ◽  
Foreign Language Teachers ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
Social Principle ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Psychological well-being is considered a key component for the mental and physical health of individuals that is influenced by various attributive factors. Some of the important attributes that have a constructive and encouraging effect on the improvement and progress of good habits, positive thinking, behavior, and well-being of individuals like teachers are emotions. Educators’ emotions and emotive features have essential roles in educational circumstances as they affect nearly all facets of their occupation. Moreover, optimism as a new concept is changing from the inspection on positive psychology, social principle, and communal school possessions in education. The present review surveyed the role that affectivity and optimism have regarding the psychological well-being of EFL teachers. In brief, the implications for educators, school managers, teacher-trainers, and forthcoming researchers are provided.

“Working old-old”: Psychological well-being, cognitive abilities and physical health of employed and self-employed Europeans aged 75+

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Christoph Augner
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

BACKGROUND: Recent research deals with the effects of employment/self-employment of elderly on mental and physical health. However, the rising group of “old-old”, aged 75 and above, is almost missing in this research. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to analyze psychological well-being, cognitive abilities and physical health of employed/self-employed and retired Europeans aged 75 and above (“old-old”). METHODS: We used data recently collected by Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Our final sample consisted of N = 9,884, 57.69%were female. Employed or self-employed (vs. retired) rate was 30.20%for male and 28.88%for female. Mean age of the sample was 81.07 (SD = 4.90). RESULTS: Employed/self-employed “old-old” showed significant better psychological well-being, cognitive abilities and physical health than their retired counterparts. Age of the groups did not differ. Further analysis indicated the close connection between physical health (i.e. chronic diseases, negative self-perceived health, physical inactivity and ADL number of limitations) and employment/self-employment status. CONCLUSIONS: Against the background of continuity theory of ageing future research has to focus on the growing group of “old-old” still working.

scholarly journals Do More of What Makes You Happy? The Applicability of Signature Character Strengths and Future Physicians’ Well-Being and Health Over Time

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Huber ◽  
Angela Bair ◽  
Cornelia Strecker ◽  
Thomas Höge ◽  
Stefan Höfer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Character Strengths ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Longitudinal Mediation ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Research on applying signature character strengths demonstrated positive effects on well-being, health and work behavior. Future health care professionals represent a group at risk for impaired well-being due to high study demands. This study investigates potential long-term protective effects on well-being. In total, 504 medical students participated in a longitudinal online study, with at least 96 providing complete data at all three time points (time lag: 1 year). Data on individual signature character strengths and their applicability, thriving (subjective and psychological well-being), work engagement, burnout, mental and physical health were collected. Longitudinal relations of signature character strengths’ applicability and well-being, mental and physical health were tested with cross-lagged panel analyses. Moreover, indirect longitudinal mediation effects via work engagement and emotional exhaustion were considered. Cross-lagged panel analyses demonstrated significant positive effects of thriving on signature character strengths’ applicability at later time points (β = 0.20 to 0.27) indicating that higher levels of well-being might be mandatory first to have access to one’s own signature character strengths in a naturalistic setting. Disentangling thriving, the effect was only significant for psychological well-being (t1-t2: β = 0.23; t2-t3: β = 0.27). Across all three time points, significant indirect effects via work engagement on the relation of the applicability of signature character strengths and well-being were identified (r = 0.15), whereas significant indirect effects on mental and physical health were only evident at t2 (both: r = 0.06) and t3 (mental health: r = 0.11). A longitudinal mediation analysis via work engagement revealed a significant indirect effect (a∗b = 0.13). These results call for further research as previous studies showed that the applicability of signature character strengths affected well-being, not vice versa. The ‘broaden-and-build’ theory (positive emotions broaden one’s consciousness and hereupon individuals build new enduring resources and skills) and the assumption of well-being in a “top-down” model (trait-like predisposition to interpret life experiences in positive ways coloring one’s evaluation of satisfaction in various domains accordingly) could possibly explain these novel results.

Representations of the psychological work units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia about their professional preparedness to provide psychological assistance in maintaining of the optimum of professional activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Maltseva
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Subjective Vitality ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Work Units ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
Psychological Assistance ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

The article discusses the problem of the need to change the approach both to mental and physical health, and to the psychological culture of employees of internal affairs bodies as a whole. The new approach should be based on a person’s natural desire for psychological well-being. Today, numerous psychological studies around the world indicate a high level of professional stress among law enforcement officials, which leads to chronic fatigue, professional destruction, psychosomatic disorders, diseases, alcohol abuse, divorces, etc. Stressfulness of the profession also causes personnel problems. Based on the relevance of the role of the phenomenon of subjective vitality in the professional activities of employees of internal affairs bodies, in maintaining their mental and physical health, in increasing the level of psychological well-being, this article analyzes the need for employees of internal affairs bodies and their leaders in psychological assistance to optimize the level of subjective vitality and actualization of their internal resources as subjects of labor, as well as the readiness of psychologists of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation tion (hereinafter referred to as departmental psychologists) to provide such assistance. The article analyzes the results of five focused group interviews with 45 employees of the psychological work units of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs. When processing the obtained data, a framework and qualitative-quantitative data analysis was used. The results of the study showed several problem areas in the professional activities of departmental psychologists, which are interdependent and interdependent.

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