scholarly journals Tailoring lifestyle programmes for diabetes prevention for US South Asians

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e000295
Author(s):  
Mary Beth Weber ◽  
Monique M Hennink ◽  
K M Venkat Narayan
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
South Asians ◽  
The South ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Us South ◽  
Culturally Tailored

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to develop and test the feasibility of a culturally tailored Diabetes Prevention Programme (DPP) for US South Asians, a large population with high diabetes risk.DesignThe South Asian Health and Prevention Education (SHAPE) study included: (1) focus group discussions with South Asian adults to understand views of lifestyle behaviours and diabetes prevention; (2) modification of the US DPP for South Asians and (3) a pilot, pre–post study to test the feasibility and impact of delivering the culturally tailored programme.SettingThe study was conducted in Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Focus group discussions and intervention classes were held at locations within the community (eg, South Asian restaurants, a public library, university classrooms, a South Asian owned physical therapy studio).ParticipantsThe focus group discussions (n=17 with 109 individuals) included adults aged 25 years of older who self-identified as South Asian. Groups were stratified by age (25–40 years or older than 40 years) and sex. The SHAPE pilot study included 17 (76.5% male with a mean age of 46.9±12 years) South Asian adults aged 25 years or older with pre-diabetes and body mass index (BMI) >22 kg/m2.ResultsFormative data from 17 focus group discussions and a community board guided the modification of the DPP curriculum to reflect cultural food preferences and include tools to leverage social support, create a stronger foundation in exercise and overcome culturally specific barriers. The SHAPE pilot study included 17 South Asian adults with pre-diabetes and BMI >22 kg/m2. There were positive changes in participants’ weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, plasma lipids, HbA1c and other cardiometabolic markers postintervention and 55% of participants regressed to normoglycaemia.ConclusionThese results provide important information on the barriers faced by US South Asians in participating in ‘standard’ lifestyle change programs, indicate the feasibility of culturally tailored programmes and show positive impact of a culturally tailored programme for diabetes prevention in the South Asian population.

scholarly journals Do South Asian Communities ‘Act FAST’?

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. bjgp19X702989
Author(s):  
Dawn Coleby ◽  
Nick Taub ◽  
Amit Mistri ◽  
Andy Turner ◽  
Jane Coad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Recurrent Stroke ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Recruitment Strategy ◽  
Medical Assessment ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions

BackgroundRapid medical assessment and treatment of patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) or stroke significantly reduces the risk of recurrent stroke. Previous research has shown that delays to initial medical assessment are due to lack of an urgent response to symptoms. In comparison to other communities living within the UK, South Asians have a higher risk of stroke/TIA. Therefore, it is critically important to explore stroke/TIA knowledge and anticipated response to symptoms, within this community.AimThis study aims to provide preliminary evidence of stroke knowledge and awareness of the relaunched ‘Act FAST’ campaign in the South Asian community and to provide evidence of successful participant recruitment from ‘hard to engage’ groups.MethodA pilot mixed methods study, incorporating focus group discussions and a short ‘tick box’ style paper survey, designed to assess and explore participant knowledge of stroke/TIA symptoms, and awareness of the relaunched ‘Act FAST’ campaign. Barriers and facilitators to stroke education and the suitability of mass-media campaigns are also discussed during the focus groups. All participants were recruited from places of worship.ResultsThe authors will present highlights from the ‘on-going’ study including; the recruitment strategy, barriers and facilitators to recruitment in Sikh temples and preliminary findings from 68 completed surveys. Highlights from the focus group discussions will be presented, alongside participant suggested methods to improve stroke/TIA knowledge in Indian communities.ConclusionPreliminary findings suggest awareness of stroke symptoms in the Indian community, but less awareness of TIA. Non-English speakers may be less aware of ‘Act FAST’.

scholarly journals The impact of climate change on food and human security in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelechi Johnmary Ani ◽  
Vincent Okwudiba Anyika ◽  
Emmanuel Mutambara
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
The South ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The North

Purpose The purpose of this study is to unravel the changing nature of climate change impact on the food and human security sector of the Nigerian State. Design/methodology/approach This study is an in-depth case study that involves the use of both quantitative and qualitative data. Statistical data on climate variability in Nigeria obtained from reliable databases were use in the making of analysis. Also, data derived from semi-structure interviews and special reports from International Non-governmental organizations on the subject matter were also used in the study. The findings of the study were based on an in-depth analysis of both primary and secondary sources of data. The secondary data were derived from existing published academic works. The primary data was developed using qualitative data that were collected from January to November, 2018 to 2019 in the different regions of Nigeria. For the South East, primary data was collected from Abakaliki, Ebonyi State. In the South-South, primary data was collected from Asaba, Delta State. In the South West, primary data was collected from Barutin, Kwara State. In the North East, primary data was collected from Maiduguri, while in North West, data was collected from Gusau, Zamfara State. In the North Central, data was collected from Markurdi, Benue State. During the data collection, 48 semi-structured Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) were carried out in the six selected research areas that represented their geo-political zones. Six Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were carried out, one for each of these six selected cities. Each of the Focus Group Discussions comprised between five and seven respondents. The idea of KIIs and FGDs is to allow the respondents to freely express their ideas comprehensively. Again, in other to get varied forms of responses, the respondents are mainly farmers however, a number of NGOs, civil servants, fertilizer sellers, government officials, transporters and aged men and women/retirees. It should be noted that the respondents cut across male and female gender of all ages and ethnic configuration. The respondents were also randomly selected through social networking. To avoid having people of similar The KIIs were three academics; two community leaders; two small scale fish farmers; rice, cassava, fish, livestock and crop farmers. All KIIs ad TIs were transcribed and analysed using thematic content analysis. Findings The findings revealed that climate change has negatively affected food security in Nigeria. it has also led to continuous armed confrontations over natural resources thereby undermining human security in the country. Originality/value This study is 100% original and can be assessed through turn it in evaluation.

Protest Music and Political Consciousness Among Nigerian Youths

2019 ◽  
pp. 241-260
Author(s):  
Titilayo Remilekun Osuagwu
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Political Consciousness ◽  
The South ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Protest Music ◽  
Political Messages

Over the decades, music and songs have been used to highlight the ills in various societies. Nonetheless, disparities sometimes exist between musicians' intensions and how their music is received. Thus, it is possible for people to listen to the melodies of songs without comprehending the socio-political messages embedded in the lyrics. This observation underscores the importance of this chapter, which examined the Nigerian youths' response to the messages in the lyrics of songs released by two Nigerian musicians, Eedris Abdulkareem (Jaga Jaga) and Techno (Rara). This study surveyed youths in the South-South region of Nigeria. Focus group discussions of the same population were also held. The findings primarily show that the youths were highly aware of the socio-political messages in the songs.

POTENTIAL OF TABLET-PCs IN AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna Deegan ◽  
Padraig Wims ◽  
Tony Pettit
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Education System ◽  
Agricultural Education ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Tablet Pc ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Tablet Pcs ◽  
Technical Issues

The incorporation of the tablet-PC into the agricultural education system is explored in this paper. Factors that influence students' acceptance of the tablet-PC have been identified and the use of the tablet-PC in facilitating delivery of formal agricultural education has been investigated. Data were obtained through the use of focus group discussions and key observations during a twenty week pilot study. Focus group discussions highlighted students' positive attitude toward the use of the tablet-PC but emphasised their reservations surrounding teachers' ability to operate the tablet-PC smoothly in the classrooms. It was concluded that major barriers to the successful uptake of technology, such as poor Wi-Fi access and inexperience of teachers to deal with technical issues, would need to be addressed in order to successfully integrate the tablet-PC into agricultural education.

Stepwise tailoring and test-retest of reproducibility of an ethnic specific food frequency questionnaire for South Asians in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Sherly Parackal ◽  
Paula Skidmore ◽  
Liz Fleming ◽  
Karl Bailey ◽  
Kathryn Bradbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Good Reproducibility ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Ethnic Food ◽  
Specific Food

Abstract Objective: To develop and test-retest the reproducibility of an ethnic specific food-frequency questionnaire to estimate nutrient intakes for South Asians (SA) in New Zealand. Design: Using culturally appropriate methods, the NZFFQ, a validated dietary assessment tool for NZ adults, was modified to include SA food items by analysing foods consumed by SA participants of the Adult Nutrition Survey, in-person audit of ethnic food stores and a web scan of ethnic food store websites in NZ. This was further refined via three focus group discussions and the resulting SA specific FFQ (NZSAFFQ) was tested for reproducibility. Setting: Auckland and Dunedin, NZ. Participants: Twenty-nine and 110 males and females aged 25-59 years of South Asian ethnicity participated in the focus group discussions and the test-retest respectively. Results: The development phase resulted in a SA specific FFQ comprising of eleven food groups and 180 food items. Test-retest of the NZSAFFQ showed good reproducibility between the two FFQ administrations, six months apart. Most reproducibility coefficients were within or higher than the acceptable range of 0.5-0.7. The lowest ICCs were observed for β-carotene (0.47), vitamin B12 (0.50), fructose (0.55), vitamin C (0.57) and selenium (0.58) and the highest ICCs were observed for Alcohol (0.81), Iodine (0.79) and folate (0.77). The ICCs for fat ranged from 0.70 for saturated fats to 0.77 for polyunsaturated fats. The ICCs for protein and energy were 0.68 and 0.72 respectively. Conclusions: The developed FFQ showed good reproducibility to estimate nutrient intakes and warrants the need for validation of the instrument.

scholarly journals Keeping the faith: Receptiveness, capacity and acceptability of Islamic religious settings to deliver childhood obesity prevention intervention

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sufyan Abid Dogra ◽  
Kiran Rai ◽  
Sally Barber ◽  
Rosemary RC McEachan ◽  
Peymane Adab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Childhood Obesity Prevention ◽  
Prevention Intervention ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Keeping the faith: Receptiveness, capacity and acceptability of Islamic religious settings to deliver childhood obesity prevention interventionBackground: Childhood obesity rates among South Asian populations in the UK are significantly high. 10% of childhood population in the UK are of South Asian origin, majority of them follow Islamic faith and attend Islamic religious settings (IRS) daily after school. IRS may be appropriate channels for obesity prevention initiatives; however there is limited evidence for this approach. Methods: Using a qualitative research methodology, we conducted 20 indepth interviews with parents of 5-11 years old children attending IRS, 20 indepth interviews with Islamic leaders, and 3 focus group discussions with 26 managers and workers of IRS in Bradford and Birmingham in the UK. The guides for interviews and focus groups, tailored to each group of participants, were developed from a literature review and prior learning from the results of other work packages in the same study. Interviews and focus group discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analysed thematically. Results: IRS are receptive to delivering a childhood obesity prevention intervention. Most of them have the capacity and the delivery would be acceptable to parents of children attending these settings. All participants viewed Prophet Muhammad’s physical fitness, food and his attitude towards physical activity and maintaining healthy lifestyle as the best role model to follow. Managers and workers in IRS showed willingness to conduct physical activity sessions for South Asian boys and girls and emphasised the need to have female instructors and role models to encourage South Asian girls. Practical barriers for the intervention delivery were poor funding systems and time constraints for managers and workers. Conclusion: IRS can deliver childhood obesity prevention interventions. Interventions should be co-designed, culturally/religiously sensitive and combine the scientific guidelines on healthy living with Islamic narrative on importance of physical activity and healthy diet consumption and should involve local place-based groups for delivery.

Dari Idealisme ke Pragmatisme: Pergeseran Paradigma dalam Pengembangan Hukum Ekonomi Syariah di Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-210
Author(s):  
Addiarrahman Addiarrahman ◽  
Illy Yanti
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Business World ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
The Public ◽  
Financial Products ◽  
Legal Consideration ◽  
Economic Law ◽  
Islamic Economic

This study seeks to understand the pragmatism of the development of sharia economic law, and its implications for Islamic financial products in Indonesia. The data comes from the results of interviews and focus group discussions with key informants from academics, practitioners, authorities, and the public. This research finds that pragmatism in the development of Islamic economic law is an approach that still dominates the DSN-MUI fatwas. The pragmatism style used is complex-eclectic pragmatism which is represented through makhārij al-fiqhiyyah, which is to choose a mild opinion by sticking to the strongest method or also called "taysīr al-manhajī". The use of this method is intended to ensure that the fatwa is truly able to answer the needs of the business world, as well as being in line with sharia principles. DSN-MUI also does not use maslahah as a legal consideration in a free or liberal way. Rather, it returns maslahah in consideration of the method, so that it is permissible to use the bay’ al-'inān contract only in a forced state (ḍarurah).

scholarly journals “Stages of change, smoking behavior and acceptability of a textmessaging intervention for tobacco cessation among cigarette, dokha and shishasmokers: A qualitative research study.”

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e029144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusra Elhidaia Elobaid ◽  
Andrea Leinberger Jabari ◽  
Aisha Al Hamiz ◽  
Abdul Rizzak Al Kaddour ◽  
Sherif Bakir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Tobacco Cessation ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions

ObjectivesTo explore: (A) the underlying motivators and barriers to smoking cessation among young Arabic speaking smokers and (B) to examine the suitability and preferences for tobacco cessation interventions (specifically text messages) and study the possibility of enrollment methods for a randomised controlled study using text messages as an intervention for tobacco cessation.DesignQualitative research using focus group discussions and content analysis.Setting(s)Two universities, one of them is the first and foremost comprehensive national university in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The third setting is the largest hospital in the UAE and the flagship institution for the public health system in the emirate of Abu Dhabi.ParticipantsSix focus group discussions with a total of 57 participants. Forty-seven men and 10 women. Fifty-three of them were current smokers.ResultsThe analysis of six focus groups was carried out. Main themes arose from the data included: preferences for tobacco cessation interventions and acceptability and feasibility of text messaging as tobacco cessation intervention. Different motives and barriers for quitting smoking including shisha and dokha were explored.ConclusionInterventions using text messaging for smoking cessation have not been used in the Middle East and they could potentially be effective; however, tailoring and closely examining the content and acceptability of text messages to be used is important before the conduction of trials involving their use. Social media is perceived to be more effective and influential, with a higher level of penetration into communities of young smokers.

scholarly journals Perspectives of future pharmacists on the potential for development and implementation of pharmacist prescribing in Qatar

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-123
Author(s):  
Mohammad Issam Diab ◽  
Angham Ibrahim ◽  
Oraib Abdallah ◽  
Alla El-Awaisi ◽  
Monica Zolezzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pharmacist Prescribing ◽  
Barriers To Implementation ◽  
Special Training Program

AbstractBackground Pharmacists in many developed countries have been granted prescribing authorities under what is known as “non-medical prescribing” or “pharmacist prescribing”. However, such prescribing privileges are not available in many developing countries. Objective The objective of this study was to determine the perspectives of future pharmacists (recent pharmacy graduates and pharmacy students) on pharmacist prescribing and its potential implementation in Qatar. Methods A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was used: (1) a cross-sectional survey using a pre-tested questionnaire and; (2) focus group discussions to allow for an in-depth understanding of the issue, with a focus on pharmacists prescribing competencies as well as barriers for its implementation. Main outcome measures Future pharmacists’ perspectives and attitudes towards pharmacist prescribing in Qatar. Results The majority of the respondents (94.4%) indicated awareness of the prescribing competency related to selecting treatment options. Furthermore, the majority (92.4%) believed that pharmacists should undergo prescribing training and accreditation before been legally allowed to prescribe, a point that was reiterated in the focus group discussions. Participants generally expressed support for collaborative and supplementary prescribing models when developing prescribing frameworks for Qatar. Four categories emerged under the theme barriers to implementation of pharmacist prescribing: lack of prescribing competency, pharmacist mindset, lack of accessibility to patient records and counseling rooms, and diversity of education and training background. Conclusion The majority of recent pharmacy graduates and students were in favor of pharmacist prescribing been implemented in Qatar. However, a special training program was deemed necessary to qualify pharmacists to prescribe safely and effectively.

scholarly journals Nairobi Early Childcare in Slums (NECS) Study Protocol: a mixed-methods exploration of paid early childcare in Mukuru slum, Nairobi

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000822
Author(s):  
Robert C Hughes ◽  
Patricia Kitsao-Wekulo ◽  
Sunil Bhopal ◽  
Elizabeth W Kimani-Murage ◽  
Zelee Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Epidemiological Methods ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Early Childcare ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Childcare Providers

IntroductionThe early years are critical. Early nurturing care can lay the foundation for human capital accumulation with lifelong benefits. Conversely, early adversity undermines brain development, learning and future earning.Slums are among the most challenging places to spend those early years and are difficult places to care for a child. Shifting family and work structures mean that paid, largely informal, childcare seems to be becoming the ‘new normal’ for many preschool children growing up in rapidly urbanising Africa. However, little is known about the quality of this childcare.AimsTo build a rigorous understanding what childcare strategies are used and why in a typical Nairobi slum, with a particular focus on provision and quality of paid childcare. Through this, to inform evaluation of quality and design and implementation of interventions with the potential to reach some of the most vulnerable children at the most critical time in the life course.Methods and analysisMixed methods will be employed. Qualitative research (in-depth interviews and focus group discussions) with parents/carers will explore need for and decision-making about childcare. A household survey (of 480 households) will estimate the use of different childcare strategies by parents/carers and associated parent/carer characteristics. Subsequently, childcare providers will be mapped and surveyed to document and assess quality of current paid childcare. Semistructured observations will augment self-reported quality with observable characteristics/practices. Finally, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with childcare providers will explore their behaviours and motivations. Qualitative data will be analysed through thematic analysis and triangulation across methods. Quantitative and spatial data will be analysed through epidemiological methods (random effects regression modelling and spatial statistics).Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been granted in the UK and Kenya. Findings will be disseminated through journal publications, community and government stakeholder workshops, policy briefs and social media content.

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