Effect of occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs on DNA damage in nurses: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. oemed-2021-107913
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Huang ◽  
Chaoxian Gao ◽  
Wenzhi Cai ◽  
Yanling Tao ◽  
Xiao Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Antineoplastic Drugs ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Cbmn Assay

BackgroundAlthough the therapeutic effect of antineoplastic drugs is incontestable, these agents can also potentially act as carcinogens, mutagens and/or teratogens in people. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs on DNA damage, assessed by the comet assay and cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay, in nurses.MethodsThe cross-sectional study enrolled 305 nursing staff members from 7 public hospitals in Shenzhen who handled antineoplastic drugs, and 150 healthy nursing staff members who were not exposed to antineoplastic drugs as the control group. DNA damage was assessed by the comet and CBMN assay. Multiple linear regressions and logistic regressions models were used to analyse the effect of occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs on DNA damage.ResultsAfter adjustment for confounding factors, compared with non-exposure to antineoplastic drugs, exposure to antineoplastic drugs was positively related to tail moment, olive moment, tail length and tail DNA per cent, and adjusted β or OR (95% CI) was 0.17 (0.08 to 0.26), 0.18 (0.10 to 0.27), 1.03 (0.47 to 1.60) and 1.16 (1.04 to 1.29) (all p<0.05). Moreover, similar significant relationships were observed for the biomarkers of the CBMN assay. Additionally, other than age, there was no interaction between antineoplastic drug exposure and other variables for the levels of biomarkers of the CBMN assay and the comet assay.ConclusionsThe present results showed that exposure to antineoplastic drugs was positively related to the risk of DNA damage in nurses. The results imply that occupational exposure to antineoplastic agents is an important global public health problem that requires urgent attention.

scholarly journals Shedding Light on the Direct and Indirect Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Lebanese Radiographers or Radiologic Technologists: A Crisis within Crises

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 362
Author(s):  
Rasha Itani ◽  
Mohammed Alnafea ◽  
Maya Tannoury ◽  
Souheil Hallit ◽  
Achraf Al Faraj
Keyword(s):  
Health And Safety ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Knowledge Development ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Radiologic Technologists ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Workplace Conditions ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Effective Diagnosis

With the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the need for radiologic procedures is increasing for the effective diagnosis and follow-up of pulmonary diseases. There is an immense load on the radiographers’ shoulders to cope with all the challenges associated with the pandemic. However, amidst this crisis, Lebanese radiographers are also suffering from a socioeconomic crisis and record hyperinflation that have posed additional challenges. A cross-sectional study was conducted among registered Lebanese radiographers to assess the general, workplace conditions, health and safety, mental/psychologic, financial, and skill/knowledge development impacts. Despite applying an adapted safety protocol, institutions are neither providing free RT-PCR testing to their staff nor showing adequate support for infected staff members, thus causing distress about contracting the virus from the workplace. Aggravated by the deteriorating economic situation that affected the radiographers financially, they additionally suffer from severe occupational physical and mental burnout. Regardless of that, they used their free time during the lockdown for skill/knowledge development and have performed many recreational activities. This cross-sectional study highlighted the different ways the pandemic has impacted the radiographers: physically, psychologically, and financially. It aimed to shed light on what these frontline heroes are passing through in the midst of all these unprecedented crises.

scholarly journals Waterpipe Smoking among Bladder Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study of Lebanese and Jordanian Populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Elio Jabra ◽  
Amal Al-Omari ◽  
Fadi Haddadin ◽  
Walid Alam ◽  
Khawlah Ammar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
Waterpipe Smoking ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background. Bladder cancer (BC) is the second most reported cancer in Lebanon and the fifth in Jordan. Its risk factors are mainly smoking and occupational exposure to aromatic amines. In these countries where smoking and bladder cancer are highly prevalent, the role of waterpipe smoking (WPS) in bladder cancer is less investigated. We aim to compare two sets of patients between Lebanon and Jordan, focusing on their smoking habits, WP use, occupational exposure, and the grade/invasiveness of their bladder cancer. Methods. This is a cross-sectional study that compares the smoking culture between two sets of populations with bladder cancer, from two different countries. We recruited 274 bladder cancer patients over the 18 years of age at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), and 158 bladder cancer patients over the age of 18 years at the King Hussein Cancer Center (KHCC). Results. 7.7% of Lebanese patients had significantly more positive family history of bladder cancer compared to 13.9% of Jordanian patients ( p = 0.045 ). Another significant finding is that the majority of Lebanese patients 70.7% reported being frequently exposed to secondhand smoking, mainly cigarettes, versus only 48.6% of Jordanian patients ( p < 0.001 ). The increasing smoking trend among Lebanese females is remarkably the highest in the region, which contributed to the overall increase in smoking rates in the country. 17.1% of the Lebanese smoking patients are mainly but not exclusively WP smokers of which 6.3% are daily WP smokers, similarly 17.1% of the Jordanian patients of which 3.2% are daily WP smokers. There were 71.5% of Lebanese patients who had a noninvasive BC versus 40% of Jordanian patients ( p < 0.001 ), and more than one-third reported an occupational exposure to one of the risk factors of BC in both groups. Conclusions. Bladder cancer incidence is on the rise in both Jordan and Lebanon along with different smoking types. It is necessary to impose prevention policies to prevent and control the high smoking prevalence. Bladder cancer invasiveness is higher in Jordan compared to universal data.

scholarly journals Association Between Occupational Exposure to Domestic Solid Waste and Dental Caries: A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Andrade ◽  
Nara Araujo ◽  
Maria Isabel Vianna ◽  
Maria Cristina Cangussu ◽  
Isaac Gomes-Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
Domestic Solid Waste

Abstract This cross-sectional study evaluated the dental caries and its associated factors among domestic waste collectors. A total of 301 adult men who worked for a waste collection corporation were included; 171 men worked in direct contact with domestic solid waste and 130 did not. Sociodemographic data, working and medical history were assessed. The decayed, missing, and filled permanent teeth (DMFT) index was examined. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with dental status with a significance level of 5%. The overall mean DMFT score was 8.36 ± 5.64. The mean DMFT, missing teeth (MT), and filled teeth (FT) were significantly higher in workers who did not have any direct contact with waste (p ≤ 0.04). In the logistic analysis, DMFT ≥ 8 was only associated with older age (OR = 8.41 [95% confidence interval (95%CI), 5.01–14.12], p < 0.001). Decayed teeth (DT) ≥ 2 was associated with no previous oral hygiene instruction (OR = 2.70 [1.50–4.81], p = 0.001) and no daily dental flossing (OR = 4.26 [1.92–9.43], p < 0.001). MT ≥ 9 was associated with lower education level (OR = 3.33 [1.57–7.10], p = 0.002). FT ≥ 3 had a negative association with low income (OR = 0.42 [0.25–0.70], p < 0.001) and no daily flossing (OR = 0.42 [0.23–0.76], p = 0.004). Occupational exposure to domestic solid waste was not associated with poor dental status. Instead, age, education, income level, and oral hygiene were associated with dental health status. Missing teeth constituted the major component of the DMFT index. Therefore, prevention and oral rehabilitation programs are necessary to improve dental health.

Occupational exposure influences control of disease in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 380-386
Author(s):  
D.A.E. Dietz de Loos ◽  
S. Ronsmans ◽  
M.E. Cornet ◽  
P.W. Hellings ◽  
V. Hox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Nasal Polyps ◽  
Conservative Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a frequent condition that is treated by endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) when medical treatment fails. Irritating or sensitizing airborne agents can contribute to uncontrolled CRS. A prior study showed a linear correlation between occupational exposure and the number of ESS. Methods: In this cross-sectional study we tested the hypothesis that occupational exposure is a risk for undergoing ESS. We sent questionnaires enquiring occupational exposure in patients with CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) or CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). An expert assessed blindly the reported work exposures to inhaled agents. The relationship between occupational exposure on undergoing ESS was analysed. Results: Among all patients who underwent ESS (n=343), 30% reported a relevant occupational exposure, which is significantly higher than the 4.8% found among CRS patients that underwent no prior sinus surgery (n=21). Besides occupational exposure, self-reported doctor-diagnosed asthma were independent variables contributing to the chance of undergoing ESS. Conclusion: In our study we confirm occupational exposure as a risk factor for uncontrolled CRS, if defined by undergoing ESS. In CRS patients with uncontrolled symptoms, despite maximal conservative therapy, the clinician should explore the possible contribution of occupational exposure.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidants’ Status in Metabolic Syndrome

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Shrestha ◽  
L Chandra ◽  
M Aryal ◽  
B K L Das ◽  
S Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Staff Members

Background Metabolic syndrome is a constellation of physical conditions and metabolic abnormalities, commonly occurring together, that increases an individual’s risk for development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Oxidative stress is associated with diabetes, hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases while the role of oxidative stress in pathogenesis of MS is not clearlydefined. Objectives The study aims to find out the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in faculty and staff members at BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal and to evaluate oxidative stress levels insubjects with metabolic syndrome. Methods 118 healthy participants working at B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal were selected at random for this cross-sectional study and blood samples were collected for the estimation of the following biochemical analytes; fasting glucose; triglycerides; total cholesterol; high density lipoprotein cholesterol; Albumin; uric acid; Bilirubin; Malondialdehyde; Catalase; Glutathione peroxidase; Superoxide Dismutase; Glutathione; vitamin C; and lastly vitamin E. Results In this cross-sectional study, 39% subjects were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome , particularly in sedentary subjects. There was no difference in oxidative stress except significant rises in serum uric acid levels and catalase activity in subjects diagnosed with metabolic syndrome . Conclusion The prevalence of metabolic syndrome is higher without oxidative stress in this study, which suggests that oxidative stress does not contribute to the pathogenesis of MS in otherwise healthy subjects.http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v8i4.6236 Kathmandu Univ Med J 2010;8(4):382-6   

scholarly journals The long-term effects of occupational exposure to vinyl chloride monomer on microcirculation: a cross-sectional study 15 years after retirement

BMJ Open ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. e002785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Lopez ◽  
Alain Chamoux ◽  
Marion Tempier ◽  
Hélène Thiel ◽  
Sylvie Ughetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vinyl Chloride Monomer ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional
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