scholarly journals Vitamin D supplementation

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Dobson ◽  
Hannah R Cock ◽  
Peter Brex ◽  
Gavin Giovannoni
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
The Uk

Vitamin D testing and supplementation is of great interest to neurologists and their patients. Recommended nutritional intakes of vitamin D in the UK remain focused on bone health, despite increasing evidence for a role outside this area. Here we discuss how neurologists might approach vitamin D testing and supplementation, focusing on two conditions associated with vitamin D deficiency that have an increased risk of downstream complications resulting from these: multiple sclerosis and epilepsy. We set out a rationale for testing serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and discuss our personal practice in terms of supplementation, with evidence where available.

scholarly journals Are Indian obese children and adolescents at increased risk for Vitamin D deficiency?

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Aashima Dabas ◽  
T. Aravind ◽  
Sangeeta Yadav ◽  
Mukta Mantan ◽  
Smita Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Indian Children ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Risk Factor ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Obese Subjects

Objectives: Obesity has been mentioned as a high risk factor for Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) requiring supplementation in Indian children. Material and Methods: Forty obese and age-matched non-obese subjects (age 5–18 years) were assessed for lifestyle parameters, metabolic profile, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD). VDD was defined as serum 25OHD < 12 ng/mL. Results: Mean 25OHD was comparable among obese and controls (15.0 ± 9.95 and 15.1 ± 4.79 ng/mL; P = 0.97) with VDD seen in 82% of cases and 85% of controls. Pubertal cases had lower 25OHD values than prepubertal obese cases (10.78 ± 4.69 and 17.2 ± 11 ng/mL; P = 0.06). Mean duration of physical activity (<2 h/week) and screen time (>2 h/day) was similar across prepubertal and pubertal groups and between obese and controls. Obesity was not associated with risk for VDD among cases and controls (odds ratio 0.83, 95% C.I. 0.25–2.7, P = 0.76). Conclusion: Obese pubertal subjects were more at risk for VDD than prepubertal subjects. Routine Vitamin D supplementation to obese Indian children may be considered during adolescence.

scholarly journals The relative contributions of obesity, vitamin D, leptin, and adiponectin to multiple sclerosis risk: A Mendelian randomization mediation analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 135245852199548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Harroud ◽  
Despoina Manousaki ◽  
Guillaume Butler-Laporte ◽  
Ruth E Mitchell ◽  
George Davey Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Background: Obesity is associated with increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS); however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Objective: To determine the extent to which decreased vitamin D bioavailability and altered levels of adiponectin and leptin mediate the association between obesity and MS. Methods: We performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to estimate the effects on MS of body mass index (BMI), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), adiponectin, and leptin levels in a cohort of 14,802 MS cases and 26,703 controls. We then estimated the proportion of the effect of obesity on MS explained by these potential mediators. Results: Genetic predisposition to higher BMI was associated with increased MS risk (odds ratio (OR) = 1.33 per standard deviation (SD), 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.09–1.63), while higher 25OHD levels reduced odds of MS (OR = 0.72 per SD, 95% CI = 0.60–0.87). In contrast, we observed no effect of adiponectin or leptin. In MR mediation analysis, 5.2% of the association between BMI and MS was attributed to obesity lowering 25OHD levels (95% CI = 0.3%–31.0%). Conclusions: This study found that a minority of the increased risk of MS conferred by obesity is mediated by lowered vitamin D levels, while leptin and adiponectin had no effect. Consequently, vitamin D supplementation would only modestly reverse the effect of obesity on MS.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Weekly Split versus Single Doses of Ergocalciferol on Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D among Patients on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Naowanit Nata ◽  
Jessada Kanchanasinitth ◽  
Pamila Tasanavipas ◽  
Ouppatham Supasyndh ◽  
Bancha Satirapoj
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Split Dose ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Background. Vitamin D deficiency is a common problem among patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Vitamin D supplementation leads to reduced serum parathyroid hormone levels and improved cardiovascular markers. Different doses and time intervals of oral vitamin D supplementation may differ in each patient on dialysis. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of weekly split and single dose of ergocalciferol at 60,000 IU on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) among patients on CAPD. Methods. A randomized study was conducted among patients on CAPD with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency (25(OH)D < 30 ng/mL). Patients were randomly assigned to two groups: the split dose group was given ergocalciferol 20,000 IU three times weekly and the single dose group was given ergocalciferol 60,000 IU once weekly for 8 weeks. Main outcomes measured serum 25(OH)D concentrations, serum calcium, serum phosphate, and intact parathyroid levels at 8 weeks after being enrolled. Results. Of 128 screened patients, 50 met the criteria for eligibility and were randomized. At 8 weeks after treatment, mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations significantly increased from baseline 22.7 ± 5.9 to 29.5 ± 9.5 ng/mL P = 0.004 in the split dose group and 22.9 ± 5.3 to 31.2 ± 12.3 ng/mL P = 0.003 in the single dose group. No significant change was found in increase of serum 25(OH)D between the two groups P = 0.561 . At the end of study, a similar proportion of patients in both groups reached the desirable serum concentration of 25(OH)D ≥ 30 ng/mL (60% in the single group vs. 40% in the split group, P = 0.258 ). No significant cases of hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, or serious adverse events occurred during the study. Conclusion. Weekly single and split doses of ergocalciferol 60,000 IU achieved similar effects on serum 25(OH)D levels among patients on CAPD with vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency, suggesting that weekly single dose would be prescribed for adequate vitamin D repletion. This trial is registered with TCTR20200821005.

VITAMIN D SUPPLEMENTATION IN FEMALE NURSES: THE EFFECTS ON SERUM 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D, AND NON-SPECIFIC MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (02) ◽  
pp. 1550008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negin Masoudi Alavi ◽  
Mahla Madani ◽  
Mohsen Taghizadeh ◽  
Mohammad Reza Sharif
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Single High Dose ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Before And After ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Female Nurses

Purpose: To investigate the effect of weekly single high dose vitamin D supplementation on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], and non-specific musculoskeletal pain in female nurses. Methods: In this prospective study in Kashan/Iran, from April 1, 2014, through September 30, 2014, the 150 nurses with vitamin D deficiency received the weekly pearls of 50,000 units of vitamin D3 for 10 weeks. The serum level of 25(OH)D was measured before and after supplement therapy. The subjects were also asked to complete the Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. All analyses were conducted with SPSS version 16. Results: After 10 weeks of intervention there was [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]ng/mL increase in 25(OH)D. The 82 nurses (54.7%) had 25(OH)D in normal range, while the 68 nurses (45.3%) were still vitamin D deficient. Weight could explain 15.4% increase in 25(OH)D. Before intervention 135 (90%), of nurses reported musculoskeletal pain in at least one region, after intervention this number decreased to 72.7%. There was a statistically significant improvement in musculoskeletal pain in neck, shoulders, upper back, lower back, hips/tights, knees, and ankles/feet after intervention. Conclusions: The weekly single high dose of vitamin D for 10 weeks could resolve vitamin D deficiency in about half of the patients. Patients with non-specific musculoskeletal pain might benefit from vitamin D supplementation.

scholarly journals Skeletal and Extraskeletal Actions of Vitamin D: Current Evidence and Outstanding Questions

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1109-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Bouillon ◽  
Claudio Marcocci ◽  
Geert Carmeliet ◽  
Daniel Bikle ◽  
John H White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

AbstractThe etiology of endemic rickets was discovered a century ago. Vitamin D is the precursor of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and other metabolites, including 1,25(OH)2D, the ligand for the vitamin D receptor (VDR). The effects of the vitamin D endocrine system on bone and its growth plate are primarily indirect and mediated by its effect on intestinal calcium transport and serum calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Rickets and osteomalacia can be prevented by daily supplements of 400 IU of vitamin D. Vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D <50 nmol/L) accelerates bone turnover, bone loss, and osteoporotic fractures. These risks can be reduced by 800 IU of vitamin D together with an appropriate calcium intake, given to institutionalized or vitamin D–deficient elderly subjects. VDR and vitamin D metabolic enzymes are widely expressed. Numerous genetic, molecular, cellular, and animal studies strongly suggest that vitamin D signaling has many extraskeletal effects. These include regulation of cell proliferation, immune and muscle function, skin differentiation, and reproduction, as well as vascular and metabolic properties. From observational studies in human subjects, poor vitamin D status is associated with nearly all diseases predicted by these extraskeletal actions. Results of randomized controlled trials and Mendelian randomization studies are supportive of vitamin D supplementation in reducing the incidence of some diseases, but, globally, conclusions are mixed. These findings point to a need for continued ongoing and future basic and clinical studies to better define whether vitamin D status can be optimized to improve many aspects of human health. Vitamin D deficiency enhances the risk of osteoporotic fractures and is associated with many diseases. We review what is established and what is plausible regarding the health effects of vitamin D.

scholarly journals Immunologic Effects of Vitamin D on Human Health and Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nipith Charoenngam ◽  
Michael F. Holick
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Human Peripheral Blood ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Vitamin D is responsible for regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism and maintaining a healthy mineralized skeleton. It is also known as an immunomodulatory hormone. Experimental studies have shown that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, the active form of vitamin D, exerts immunologic activities on multiple components of the innate and adaptive immune system as well as endothelial membrane stability. Association between low levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and increased risk of developing several immune-related diseases and disorders, including psoriasis, type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculosis, sepsis, respiratory infection, and COVID-19, has been observed. Accordingly, a number of clinical trials aiming to determine the efficacy of administration of vitamin D and its metabolites for treatment of these diseases have been conducted with variable outcomes. Interestingly, recent evidence suggests that some individuals might benefit from vitamin D more or less than others as high inter-individual difference in broad gene expression in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to vitamin D supplementation has been observed. Although it is still debatable what level of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is optimal, it is advisable to increase vitamin D intake and have sensible sunlight exposure to maintain serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D at least 30 ng/mL (75 nmol/L), and preferably at 40–60 ng/mL (100–150 nmol/L) to achieve the optimal overall health benefits of vitamin D.

scholarly journals Impact of vitamin D supplementation on health-care use in a 25-hydroxyvitamin D-tested population in France: a population-based descriptive cohort study

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 554-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Caillet ◽  
Susan B Jaglal ◽  
Laurent Laforest ◽  
Roland Chapurlat ◽  
Muriel Rabilloud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Muscle Relaxant ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health Care Claims

AbstractObjectiveChronic vitamin D deficiency has been associated in some patients with diffuse musculoskeletal pain. These unspecific symptoms may partly explain why vitamin D deficiency is often diagnosed late. Our aim was to analyse health-care claims after vitamin D supplementation in patients likely to have vitamin D deficiency.DesignAmbulatory health-care claims were compared before and after a vitamin D supplementation prescribed following a 25-hydroxyvitamin D assay.SettingHealth Insurance Fund (FHIF) database of the Rhône-Alpes area, France.SubjectsAmong patients reimbursed for a 25-hydroxyvitamin D assay between 1 December 2008 and 31 January 2009, those supplemented with vitamin D after the assay were matched on the date of assay to patients who did not receive vitamin D.ResultsAmong the 3023 patients who had a 25-hydroxyvitamin D assay, 935 were consequently supplemented and matched to 935 patients not supplemented. Their median age was 50·0 and 49·5 years, respectively. Patients supplemented decreased their muscle relaxant consumption whereas no change was observed in the reference group, the difference between the two groups was significant (P=0·03). Second and third Pain Relief Ladder prescriptions decreased in both groups but not significantly differently between groups (P=0·58). There was a decrease in prescriptions of biological examination in both groups with no significant difference.ConclusionsBesides a decrease in muscle relaxant prescriptions in the supplemented group, it was difficult to assess the impact of vitamin D supplementation in patients likely to have vitamin D deficiency. Prospective cohort studies and randomized trials are needed to assess the efficiency of screening and supplementing vitamin D deficiency.

scholarly journals Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency with Risk of Incidence of Disability in Basic Activities of Daily Living in Adults >50 Years of Age

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 (11) ◽  
pp. 2977-2984
Author(s):  
Mariane M Luiz ◽  
Roberta Máximo ◽  
Dayane C Oliveira ◽  
Paula C Ramírez ◽  
Aline F de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

ABSTRACT Background Vitamin D deficiency compromises muscle function and is related to the etiology of several clinical conditions that can contribute to the development of disability. However, there are few epidemiological studies investigating the association between vitamin D deficiency and the incidence of disability. Objectives We aimed to assess whether vitamin D deficiency is associated with the incidence of disability in basic activities of daily living (BADL) and to verify whether there are sex differences in this association. Methods A 4-y follow-up study was conducted involving individuals aged 50 y or older who participated in ELSA (English Longitudinal Study of Ageing). The sample consisted of 4814 participants free of disability at baseline according to the modified Katz Index. Vitamin D was assessed by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and the participants were classified as sufficient (&gt;50 nmol/L), insufficient (&gt;30 to ≤50 nmol/L), or deficient (≤30 nmol/L). Sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics were also investigated. BADL were re-evaluated after 2 and 4 y of follow-up. The report of any difficulty to perform ≥1 BADL was considered as an incident case of disability. Poisson models stratified by sex and controlled for sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics were carried out. Results After 4-y follow-up, deficient serum 25(OH)D was a risk factor for the incidence of BADL disability in both women (IRR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.16, 2.03) and men (IRR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.02). However, insufficient serum 25(OH)D was not a risk factor for the incidence of BADL disability in either men or women. Conclusions Independently of sex, deficient serum 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with increased risk of incidence of BADL disability in adults &gt;50 y old and should be an additional target of clinical strategies to prevent disability in these populations.

scholarly journals Significant Independent Predictors of Vitamin D Deficiency in Inpatients and Outpatients of a Nephrology Unit

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Recep Bentli ◽  
Hulya Taskapan ◽  
Halil Toktaş ◽  
Ozkan Ulutas ◽  
Adnan Ozkahraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Higher Doses

Aims. Kidney disease was found to be a major risk factor for vitamin D deficiency in a population study of patients hospitalized. The aims of the study were to describe the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency inpatients and outpatients in a nephrology department during fall and to evaluate effect of assessing serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and previous supplementation of cholecalciferol on vitamin D status.Methods. We studied 280 subjects in total, between October and January. The subjects were recruited from the following two groups: (a) inpatients and (b) outpatients in nephrology unit. We examined previous documentary evidence of vitamin D supplementation of the patients.Results. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among these 280 patients was 62,1% (174 patients). Fifty-three patients (18.9%) had severe vitamin D deficiency, 121 patients (43.2%) moderate vitamin D deficiency, and 66 patients (23.6%) vitamin D insufficiency. In logistic regression analysis female gender, not having vitamin D supplementation history, low serum albumin, and low blood urea nitrogen levels were significant independent predictors of vitamin D deficiency while no association of vitamin D deficiency with diabetes mellitus, serum creatinine, eGFR, and being hospitalized was found.Conclusion. Vitamin D deficiency, seems to be an important problem in both inpatients and outpatients of nephrology. Monitoring serum 25(OH)D concentrations regularly and replacement of vitamin D are important. Women in Turkey are at more risk of deficiency and may therefore need to consume higher doses of vitamin D.

scholarly journals Effects of Moderate Sun Exposure and Vitamin D Supplementation on Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration Among Malay Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1304-1304
Author(s):  
Norliyana Aris ◽  
Hamid Jan Bin Jan Mohamed ◽  
Wan Mohd Izani Bin Wan Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Hands And Feet ◽  
Vitamin D Supplement

Abstract Objectives Known as ‘sunshine vitamin’, sun exposure is a major and natural source of vitamin D. This study aimed to investigate the effects of moderate sun exposure and vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D concentration among Malay women in Kelantan, Malaysia. Methods A quasi-experimental study design was carried out among female indoor workers with vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D &lt; 50 nmol/l) for 12 weeks to evaluate the effects of moderate sun exposure (n = 19; 15 minutes sun exposure biweekly on face, lower arms, hands and feet), vitamin D supplementation (n = 15; 50 000 IU cholecalciferol weekly) and placebo (n = 15) on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels. Data was collected twice from each respondent, firstly during baseline and secondly during endpoint. Body composition measurements (body fat percentage and body mass index), fasting blood test (serum 25(OH)D level) and questionnaire (socio-demographic, physical activity and dietary vitamin D intake) were conducted. The vitamin D classification was based on the 2011 Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guidelines. Repeated measure ANOVA within group analysis was applied. Results The baseline characteristics did not differ significantly among study groups except for age (F = 6.15, p = 0.004). After 12 weeks, serum 25(OH)D levels increased significantly in sun exposure (mean difference (MD) = 14.27 nmol/l, p &lt; 0.001) and vitamin D supplement group (MD = 14.30 nmol/l, p &lt; 0.001) but not in the placebo group (MD = 1.63 nmol/l, p = 0.067). Conclusions The 12-weeks intervention with moderate sun exposure and vitamin D supplementation showed a similar significant increment in serum 25(OH)D levels. However, no changes in serum 25(OH)D was observed in the placebo group. These results showed that sunlight exposure and vitamin D supplement were equally helpful in improving serum 25(OH)D levels in participants with vitamin D deficiency. Funding Sources Short Term Research Grant, Universiti Sains Malaysia.

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