Patterns of anxiety and distress over 12 months following participation in HPV primary screening

ObjectivesMany countries are now using primary human papillomavirus (HPV) testing for cervical screening, testing for high-risk HPV and using cytology as triage. An HPV-positive result can have an adverse psychological impact, at least in the short term. In this paper, we explore the psychological impact of primary HPV screening over 12 months.MethodsWomen were surveyed soon after receiving their results (n=1133) and 6 (n=762) and 12 months (n=537) later. Primary outcomes were anxiety (Short-Form State Anxiety Inventory-6) and distress (General Health Questionnaire-12). Secondary outcomes included concern, worry about cervical cancer and reassurance. Mixed-effects regression models were used to explore differences at each time point and change over time across four groups according to their baseline result: control (HPV negative/HPV cleared/normal cytology and not tested for HPV); HPV positive with normal cytology; HPV positive with abnormal cytology; and HPV persistent (ie, second consecutive HPV-positive result).ResultsWomen who were HPV positive with abnormal cytology had the highest anxiety scores at baseline (mean=42.2, SD: 15.0), but this had declined by 12 months (mean=37.0, SD: 11.7) and was closer to being within the ‘normal’ range (scores between 34 and 36 are considered ‘normal’). This group also had the highest distress at baseline (mean=3.3, SD: 3.8, scores of 3+ indicate case-level distress), but the lowest distress at 12 months (mean=1.9, SD: 3.1). At 6 and 12 months, there were no between-group differences in anxiety or distress for any HPV-positive result group when compared with the control group. The control group were less concerned and more reassured about their result at 6 and 12 months than the HPV-positive with normal cytology group.ConclusionsOur findings suggest the initial adverse impact of an HPV-positive screening result on anxiety and distress diminishes over time. Specific concerns about the result may be longer lasting and efforts should be made to address them.

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Quality of Life and Mental Health in Brazilian Women Treated for Invasive Carcinoma of the Cervix

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer ◽

10.1097/igc.0000000000000106 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 794-799

Author(s):

Gabriela A. Caixeta ◽

Emma E. C. Castro ◽

Agnaldo L. Silva-Filho ◽

Fernando M. Reis ◽

José R. Cunha-Melo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Mental Health ◽

Life Events ◽

General Health ◽

Invasive Carcinoma ◽

Short Form ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Control Group ◽

History Of

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to compare the quality of life (QOL) and mental health (MH) of women surviving at least 2 years after treatment for invasive carcinoma of the cervix by radical hysterectomy (RH), chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, or by surgery followed by adjuvant therapy (RH + chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy). The QOL/MH of a control group of women with no history of malignancy was also assessed for comparison with the treated groups.MethodsThe levels of QOL and MH were assessed in 114 Brazilian women (57 patients with an average of 4 years since treatment completion and 57 control subjects). The 36-item Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form Health Survey, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the 12-item General Health Questionnaire, the Life Events Inventory, and a general survey for the assessment of sociodemographic data were applied to each participant of the study.ResultsNo differences were noted among the 3 treatment groups or between these and the control group concerning the levels of QOL (either physical or MH aspects), anxiety, general health, or life events. However, lower levels of anxiety were detected in cancer survivors when compared with the control group (P = 0.035).ConclusionsAfter at least 2 years, the QOL and the MH of Brazilian women treated for invasive carcinoma of the cervix were similar to those of women without malignancy and were not affected by the modality of treatment.

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The PapilloCheck Assay for Detection of High-Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Journal of Clinical Microbiology ◽

10.1128/jcm.01578-15 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 53 (11) ◽

pp. 3553-3559 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Emma J. Crosbie ◽

Andrew Bailey ◽

Alex Sargent ◽

Clare Gilham ◽

Julian Peto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽

Cervical Screening ◽

Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽

Relative Sensitivity ◽

Population Based ◽

Cervical Cytology ◽

Low Grade ◽

High Grade ◽

Abnormal Cytology ◽

Normal Cytology

Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing is used in primary cervical screening, as an adjunct to cervical cytology for the management of low grade abnormal cytology, and in a test of cure. PapilloCheck (Greiner Bio-One) is a PCR-based DNA microarray system that can individually identify 24 HPV types, including the 13 high-risk (HR) types identified by Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2). Here, we compare PapilloCheck with HC2 for the detection of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2+) in a total of 8,610 cervical cytology samples from the ARTISTIC population-based cervical screening study. We performed a retrospective analysis of 3,518 cytology samples from round 1 ARTISTIC enriched for underlying CIN2+ (n= 723) and a prospective analysis of 5,092 samples from round 3 ARTISTIC. Discrepant results were tested using the Roche reverse line blot (RLB) or Linear Array (LA) assay. The relative sensitivity and specificity of HR PapilloCheck compared with that of HC2 for the detection of CIN2+ in women aged over 30 years were 0.94 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.91, 0.97) and 1.05 (95% CI, 1.04, 1.05), respectively. HC2 missed 44/672 (7%) CIN2+ lesions, while HR PapilloCheck missed 74/672 (11%) CIN2+ lesions. Thirty-six percent of HC2-positive normal cytology samples were HR HPV negative by both PapilloCheck and RLB/LA, indicating that the use of HR PapilloCheck rather than HC2 in population-based primary screening would reduce the number of additional tests required (e.g., reflex cytology) in women where underlying CIN2+ is extremely unlikely. HR PapilloCheck could be a suitable HPV detection assay for use in the cervical screening setting.

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Effectiveness of Psychological Support to Healthcare Workers by the Occupational Health Service: A Pilot Experience

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9060732 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 732

Author(s):

Guendalina Dalmasso ◽

Reparata Rosa Di Prinzio ◽

Francesco Gilardi ◽

Federica De Falco ◽

Maria Rosaria Vinci ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Sickness Absence ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Short Form ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Treated Group ◽

Psychological Support ◽

Control Group

Work-related stress is a significant risk for healthcare workers (HCWs). This study aims at evaluating the effectiveness of an individual psychological support programme for hospital workers. In all, 35 workers participated (n). A control group of 245 workers (7n) was set. Occupational distress was measured by the General Health Questionnaire, (GHQ-12), the quality of life by the Short Form-36 health survey, (SF-36), and sickness absence was recorded. Costs and benefits of the service were evaluated and the return on investment (ROI) was calculated. The level of distress was significantly reduced in the treated group at the end of the follow-up (p < 0.001). Quality of life had significantly improved (p < 0.003). A 60% reduction of sickness absence days (SADs) following the intervention was recorded. After the treatment, absenteeism in cases was significantly lower than in controls (p < 0.02). The individual improvement of mental health and quality of life was significantly correlated with the number of meetings with the psychologist (p < 0.01 and p < 0.03, respectively). The recovery of direct costs due to reduced sick leave absence was significantly higher than the costs of the programme; ROI was 2.73. The results must be examined with caution, given the very limited number of workers treated; this first study, however, encouraged us to continue the experience.

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Auricular vagal nerve stimulation in peripheral arterial disease patients

VASA ◽

10.1024/0301-1526/a000660 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 46 (6) ◽

pp. 462-470 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Gerald Hackl ◽

Andreas Prenner ◽

Philipp Jud ◽

Franz Hafner ◽

Peter Rief ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Endpoint ◽

Nerve Stimulation ◽

Short Form ◽

Therapeutic Option ◽

Arterial Disease ◽

Walking Distance ◽

Control Group ◽

Sf 36 ◽

Peripheral Arterial ◽

Double Blinded

Abstract. Background: Auricular nerve stimulation has been proven effective in different diseases. We investigated if a conservative therapeutic alternative for claudication in peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAD) via electroacupuncture of the outer ear can be established. Patients and methods: In this prospective, double-blinded trial an ear acupuncture using an electroacupuncture device was carried out in 40 PAD patients in Fontaine stage IIb. Twenty patients were randomized to the verum group using a fully functional electroacupuncture device, the other 20 patients received a sham device (control group). Per patient, eight cycles (1 cycle = 1 week) of electroacupuncture were performed. The primary endpoint was defined as a significantly more frequent doubling of the absolute walking distance after eight cycles in the verum group compared to controls in a standardized treadmill testing. Secondary endpoints were a significant improvement of the total score of the Walking Impairment Questionnaire (WIQ) as well as improvements in health related quality of life using the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36). Results: There were no differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups. The initial walking distance significantly increased in both groups (verum group [means]: 182 [95 % CI 128–236] meters to 345 [95 % CI 227–463] meters [+ 90 %], p < 0.01; control group [means]: 159 [95 % CI 109–210] meters to 268 [95 % CI 182–366] meters [+ 69 %], p = 0.01). Twelve patients (60 %) in the verum group and five patients (25 %) in controls reached the primary endpoint of doubling walking distance (p = 0.05). The total score of WIQ significantly improved in the verum group (+ 22 %, p = 0.01) but not in controls (+ 8 %, p = 0.56). SF-36 showed significantly improvements in six out of eight categories in the verum group and only in one of eight in controls. Conclusions: Electroacupuncture of the outer ear seems to be an easy-to-use therapeutic option in an age of increasingly invasive and mechanically complex treatments for PAD patients.

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Maturation of Mitochondrially Targeted Prx V Involves a Second Cleavage by Mitochondrial Intermediate Peptidase That Is Sensitive to Inhibition by H2O2

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10030346 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 346

Author(s):

Juhyun Sim ◽

Jiyoung Park ◽

Hyun Ae Woo ◽

Sue Goo Rhee

Keyword(s):

Short Form ◽

Mitochondrial Matrix ◽

Mitochondrial Processing Peptidase ◽

Mouse Tissues ◽

N Terminus ◽

Mitochondrial Intermediate Peptidase ◽

Subsequent Degradation ◽

Processing Peptidase ◽

Mitochondria Targeting ◽

Over Time

Prx V mRNA contains two in-frame AUG codons, producing a long (L-Prx V) and short form of Prx V (S-Prx V), and mouse L-Prx V is expressed as a precursor protein containing a 49-amino acid N-terminal mitochondria targeting sequence. Here, we show that the N-terminal 41-residue sequence of L-Prx V is cleaved by mitochondrial processing peptidase (MPP) in the mitochondrial matrix to produce an intermediate Prx V (I-Prx V) with a destabilizing phenylalanine at its N-terminus, and further, that the next 8-residue sequence is cleaved by mitochondrial intermediate peptidase (MIP) to convert I-Prx V to a stabilized mature form that is identical to S-Prx V. Further, we show that when mitochondrial H2O2 levels are increased in HeLa cells using rotenone, in several mouse tissues by deleting Prx III, and in the adrenal gland by deleting Srx or by exposing mice to immobilized stress, I-Prx V accumulates transiently and mature S-Prx V levels decrease in mitochondria over time. These findings support the view that MIP is inhibited by H2O2, resulting in the accumulation and subsequent degradation of I-Prx V, identifying a role for redox mediated regulation of Prx V proteolytic maturation and expression in mitochondria.

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Does regular strength training cause urinary incontinence in overweight inactive women? A randomized controlled trial

International Urogynecology Journal ◽

10.1007/s00192-021-04739-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kari Bø ◽

Lene Anette H. Haakstad ◽

Gøran Paulsen ◽

Anne Mette Rustaden

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Urinary Incontinence ◽

Strength Training ◽

Short Form ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Control Group ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Sum Score ◽

New Onset

Abstract Introduction and hypothesis Urinary incontinence (UI) is common in women who exercise. We aimed to investigate new onset UI in formerly inactive, overweight or obese women (BMI > 25) participating in three different strength training modalities compared with a non-exercising control group. Methods This was a secondary analysis of an assessor blinded randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of 12 weeks of three strength training concepts for women on muscle strength and body composition. None of the programs included pelvic floor muscle training. International Consensus on Incontinence Questionnaire Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI-SF) was used to investigate primary outcome; new onset UI, and secondary outcome; ICIQ-UI-SF sum score. Suissa and Shuster’s exact unconditional test was used to analyze difference in new onset UI. Difference in ICIQ-UI-SF sum score is presented as mean with 95% CI. Results At baseline 40 out of 128 (31.2%) participants reported UI. Three out of 27, 2 out of 17, 2 out of 23, and 0 out of 21 women in the three training and control groups respectively had new onset UI. There were no statistically significant differences in new onset UI across the groups or when collapsing new onset UI in the intervention groups compared with the controls (7 out of 67 vs 0 out of 21), p = 0.124. After the intervention the control group reported worse ICIQ-UI-SF sum score than any of the training groups; mean difference − 6.6 (95% CI: −11.9, −1.27), p = 0.012, but there was no difference in change from baseline to 12 weeks between the groups p = 0.145). Conclusions There was no statistically significant change in UI after strength training.

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Salmonella Bacterin Vaccination Decreases Shedding and Colonization of Salmonella Typhimurium in Pigs

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9061163 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 1163

Author(s):

Eduarda Alexandra Gonçalves de Oliveira Moura ◽

Daniela Gomes da Silva ◽

Caio Henrique Turco ◽

Thainara Vitoria Carnevalli Sanches ◽

Gabriel Yuri Storino ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salmonella Typhimurium ◽

Blood Count ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Control Group ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Commercial Vaccine ◽

Serum Igg ◽

And Control ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Over Time

Since the occurrence of swine salmonellosis has increased over time and control strategies other than biosecurity are highly recommended, the present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of vaccination with Salmonella Choleraesuis and Salmonella Typhimurium bacterins in pigs. Two experimental groups were formed: G1, animals immunized with two doses of a commercial vaccine (n = 20); G2, control group (n = 20). After vaccination, all pigs were orally challenged (D0) with 108 CFU of Salmonella Typhimurium and evaluated for 40 days. Every 10 days after D0, five piglets from each experimental group were euthanized and submitted to the necroscopic examination, when organ samples were collected. Blood samples and rectal swabs were collected before the first dose of the vaccine (D−42), before the second dose (D−21), before the challenge (D0), and thereafter, every three days until D39. Blood count, serum IgG measurement by ELISA, and the excretion of Salmonella Typhimurium in feces were evaluated. While the results from blood count and serum IgG concentration did not differ, the detection and excretion of Salmonella between G1 and G2 differed (p < 0.05). Therefore, it was observed that this vaccine partially protected the animals against experimental infection with Salmonella Typhimurium, reducing the excretion of bacteria in feces.

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Effects of Self RehAbilitation Video Exercises (SAVE) on Functional Restorations in Patients with Subacute Stroke

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9050565 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 565

Author(s):

Seung-Hwan Jung ◽

Eunhee Park ◽

Ju-Hyun Kim ◽

Bi-Ang Park ◽

Ja-Won Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Stroke ◽

Short Form ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Berg Balance Scale ◽

Control Group ◽

Early Recovery ◽

Subacute Stroke ◽

Sf 36 ◽

State Examination

Background: Additional exercise therapy has been shown to positively affect acute stroke rehabilitation, which requires an effective method to deliver increased exercise. In this study, we designed a 4-week caregiver-supervised self-exercise program with videos, named “Self rehAbilitation Video Exercises (SAVE)”, to improve the functional outcomes and facilitate early recovery by increasing the continuity of rehabilitation therapy after acute stroke. Methods: This study is a non-randomized trial. Eighty-eight patients were included in an intervention group (SAVE group), who received conventional rehabilitation therapies and an additional self-rehabilitation session by watching bedside exercise videos and continued their own exercises in their rooms for 60 min every day for 4 weeks. Ninety-six patients were included in a control group, who received only conventional rehabilitation therapies. After 4 weeks of hospitalization, both groups assessed several outcome measurements, including the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Modified Barthel Index (MBI), physical component summary (PCS) and the mental component summary of the Short-Form Survey 36 (SF-36), Mini-Mental State Examination, and Beck Depression Inventory. Results: Differences in BBS, MBI, and PCS components in SF-36 were more statistically significant in the SAVE group than that in the control group (p < 0.05). Patients in the SAVE group showed more significant improvement in BBS, MBI, and PCS components in SF-36 as compared to that in the control group. Conclusions: This evidence-based SAVE intervention can optimize patient recovery after a subacute stroke while keeping the available resources in mind.

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Assessment of Psychopathology in Adolescents with Insulin-Dependent Diabetes (IDD) and the Impact on Treatment Management

Children ◽

10.3390/children8050414 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 414

Author(s):

Maria Melania Lica ◽

Annamaria Papai ◽

Andreea Salcudean ◽

Maria Crainic ◽

Cristina Georgeta Covaciu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Treatment Adherence ◽

Diabetes Management ◽

Short Form ◽

Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽

Control Group ◽

Treatment Management ◽

Insulin Dependent ◽

Impact On Treatment ◽

The Impact

Assessing mental health in children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes (IDD) is an issue that is underperformed in clinical practice and outpatient clinics. The evaluation of their thoughts, emotions and behaviors has an important role in understanding the interaction between the individual and the disease, the factors that can influence this interaction, as well as the effective methods of intervention. The aim of this study is to identify psychopathology in adolescents with diabetes and the impact on treatment management. A total of 54 adolescents with IDD and 52 adolescents without diabetes, aged 12–18 years, completed APS–SF (Adolescent Psychopathology Scale–Short Form) for the evaluation of psychopathology and adjustment problems. There were no significant differences between adolescents with diabetes and control group regarding psychopathology. Between adolescents with good treatment adherence (HbA1c < 7.6) and those with low treatment adherence (HbA1c > 7.6), significant differences were found. In addition, results showed higher scores in girls compared with boys with IDD with regard to anxiety (GAD), Major Depression (DEP), Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Eating Disturbance (EAT), Suicide (SUI) and Interpersonal Problems (IPP). No significant differences were found regarding the duration of the disease. Strategies such as maladaptive coping, passivity, distorted conception of the self and the surrounding world and using the negative problem-solving strategies of non-involvement and abandonment had positive correlation with poor glycemic control (bad management of the disease). The study highlighted the importance of promoting mental health in insulin-dependent diabetes management.

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Involuntary Memories of War-Related Scenes in Veterans With PTSD

Clinical Psychological Science ◽

10.1177/2167702621994544 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 216770262199454

Author(s):

Søren Risløv Staugaard ◽

Annette Kjær Fuglsang ◽

Dorthe Berntsen

Keyword(s):

Emotional Response ◽

Stress Disorder ◽

Emotional Reactions ◽

Control Group ◽

Emotional Impact ◽

Affect Intensity ◽

General Control ◽

Retrieval Task ◽

Involuntary Memories ◽

Over Time

Studies suggest that general control deficits and elevated affect intensity in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) extend beyond memory for the index trauma. However, few researchers have pursued this possibility experimentally by examining memory for novel events. We used an experimental design to measure the frequency and characteristics of involuntary memories over time. Veterans with and without PTSD saw pictures of neutral and war-related scenes. Half of the participants completed an involuntary-retrieval task immediately after encoding, whereas the other half completed the retrieval task after 1 week. Veterans with PTSD had stronger emotional reactions to their involuntary memories of the scenes regardless of their original valence. The emotional impact and specificity of the memories did not diminish over time in PTSD veterans but did so in the control group. The findings are consistent with an increased emotional response to a range of memories that include—but are not limited to—memories of traumatic events.

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