scholarly journals The case for adopting a combined comparative medicine and One Health approach to tackle emerging diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 187 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Margaret J Hosie ◽  
Seema Jasim
Keyword(s):  
One Health ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Comparative Medicine

Equine and canine influenza: a review of current events

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Paul J. Gibbs ◽  
Tara C. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
One Health ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Influenza Viruses ◽  
Canine Influenza

AbstractIn the past decade, the pandemics of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 and the novel H1N1 influenza have both illustrated the potential of influenza viruses to rapidly emerge and spread widely in animals and people. Since both of these viruses are zoonotic, these pandemics have been the driving force behind a renewed commitment by the medical and veterinary professions to practice One World, One Health for the control of infectious diseases. The discovery in 2004 that an equine origin H3N8 influenza virus was the cause of an extensive epidemic of respiratory disease in dogs in the USA came as a surprise; at that time dogs were thought to be refractory to infection with influenza viruses. In 2007, a second emerging canine influenza was confirmed in Korea, but this time the causal virus was an H3N2 avian influenza virus. This review focuses on recent events associated with equine and canine influenza viruses. While these viruses do not appear to be zoonotic, the close association between humans and dogs, and to a lesser extent horses, demands that we develop better surveillance and control strategies for emerging diseases in companion animals within the context of One World, One Health.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Zoonoses: A Review of Concepts, Definitions, and Bibliometrics

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 893
Author(s):  
Walter Leal Filho ◽  
Linda Ternova ◽  
Sanika Arun Parasnis ◽  
Marina Kovaleva ◽  
Gustavo J. Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Disease Ecology ◽  
One Health ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Author Keywords ◽  
The Uk

Climate change can have a complex impact that also influences human and animal health. For example, climate change alters the conditions for pathogens and vectors of zoonotic diseases. Signs of this are the increasing spread of the West Nile and Usutu viruses and the establishment of new vector species, such as specific mosquito and tick species, in Europe and other parts of the world. With these changes come new challenges for maintaining human and animal health. This paper reports on an analysis of the literature focused on a bibliometric analysis of the Scopus database and VOSviewer software for creating visualization maps which identifies the zoonotic health risks for humans and animals caused by climate change. The sources retained for the analysis totaled 428 and different thresholds (N) were established for each item varying from N 5 to 10. The main findings are as follows: First, published documents increased in 2009–2015 peaking in 2020. Second, the primary sources have changed since 2018, partly attributable to the increase in human health concerns due to human-to-human transmission. Third, the USA, the UK, Canada, Australia, Italy, and Germany perform most zoonosis research. For instance, sixty documents and only 17 countries analyzed for co-authorship analysis met the threshold led by the USA; the top four author keywords were “climate change”, “zoonosis”, “epidemiology”, and “one health;” the USA, the UK, Germany, and Spain led the link strength (inter-collaboration); the author keywords showed that 37 out of the 1023 keywords met the threshold, and the authors’ keyword’s largest node of the bibliometric map contains the following: infectious diseases, emerging diseases, disease ecology, one health, surveillance, transmission, and wildlife. Finally, zoonotic diseases, which were documented in the literature in the past, have evolved, especially during the years 2010–2015, as evidenced by the sharp augmentation of publications addressing ad-hoc events and peaking in 2020 with the COVID-19 outbreak.

Law as a fixture between the One Health interfaces of emerging diseases

2017 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 241-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra L Phelan ◽  
Lawrence O Gostin
Keyword(s):  
One Health ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
The One

scholarly journals Bacteriophages and the One Health Approach to Combat Multidrug Resistance: Is This the Way?

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 414
Author(s):  
Mary Garvey
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
One Health ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
The One

Antimicrobial resistance necessitates action to reduce and eliminate infectious disease, ensure animal and human health, and combat emerging diseases. Species such as Acinetobacter baumanniii, vancomycin resistant Enterococcus, methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as other WHO priority pathogens, are becoming extremely difficult to treat. In 2017, the EU adopted the “One Health” approach to combat antibiotic resistance in animal and human medicine and to prevent the transmission of zoonotic disease. As the current therapeutic agents become increasingly inadequate, there is a dire need to establish novel methods of treatment under this One Health Framework. Bacteriophages (phages), viruses infecting bacterial species, demonstrate clear antimicrobial activity against an array of resistant species, with high levels of specificity and potency. Bacteriophages play key roles in bacterial evolution and are essential components of all ecosystems, including the human microbiome. Factors such are their specificity, potency, biocompatibility, and bactericidal activity make them desirable options as therapeutics. Issues remain, however, relating to their large-scale production, formulation, stability, and bacterial resistance, limiting their implementation globally. Phages used in therapy must be virulent, purified, and well characterized before administration. Clinical studies are warranted to assess the in vivo pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic characteristics of phages to fully establish their therapeutic potential.

scholarly journals Responding to Emerging Diseases Requires Multi-disciplinary and One Health Training, Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira Roess ◽  
Sally Lahm ◽  
Ibrahim Kabbash ◽  
Amal Saad-Hussein ◽  
Ashraf Shaalan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
One Health ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Health Training

scholarly journals Active Surveillance in the investigation and analysis of RVFin Western and Central Uganda

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Nanfuka ◽  
Milton Bahati ◽  
Eugene Arinaitwe
Keyword(s):  
Rift Valley ◽  
Rift Valley Fever ◽  
One Health ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Valley Fever ◽  
The People ◽  
Igm Elisa ◽  
The One ◽  
Western Uganda

ObjectiveTo detect presence of circulating Rift Valley Fever virus (RVFv) in animals of Western and Central Uganda following its confirmation in humans.To establish and communicate reliable information using the one health platformSignificnce:Although in E. Africa RVF was initially detected and known to be a disease endermic in Kenya, the people in Uganda were still hesitating wether the disease is already in existence. Following its first detection in 2016 in Humans there was need to carry out an investigation in the hot spot areas of the human infection to get the real picture and to inform the policy makers for informed decisions.IntroductionRift Valley fiver is viral zoonotic disease which was investigated and reported in Uganda in 20101. For some time now people are not aware whether the disease was still circulating or emerged in animals reared as a result of the inter country trade by the community of the cattle corridor in Uganda, since the last reports in 19682. The increase in the number of disease outbreaks in some parts of central and western Uganda from 2016 to date and the number of human patients investigated, diagnosed and confirmed with RVF by Ministry Of Health (MOH) under the one health program, has placed the disease to be among the top re-emerging diseases in the country3&4 and number 5 of the Multisectoral prioritization of zoonotic diseases in Uganda, 2017 under One Health perspective6.MethodsRift valley Fever was investigated in cattle, goats and sheep of Gomba,Mityana, Kiboga and Kiruhura in Central and Western Uganda. This followed 2 people that had been confirmed with RVF in 20161 Samples were aseptically collected from hot places from 543 victim’s animals including those of the neighbouring areas covering the victims routes of movement plus those areas where people were still sick and where death had reportedly occurred. Samples were then delivered to NADDEC laboratory from where tests were conducted.ResultsSamples were screened using a competition IgG ELISA, then IgM ELISA to capture the recently infected animals. The positive samples from the IgM ELISA were then confirmed using RT-PCR; 169/543 (31%) tested positive to IgG screening ELISA indicating exposure to RVF. The actual infection was found to be 13% (22/169) with IgM ELISA and 3/22 (13.6%) with RT-PCR.ConclusionsZoonotic diseases continue to be a public health burden to the people of Uganda. Considering some people’s behavior of eating the sick and dead animals, has posed a difficult situation to combat the ailment which has resulted in negative socioeconomic impacts, affecting the national policies that range from health security to control of diseases. Uganda has however developed capacity to investigate, test and confirm RVF disease. Since exposure was found in all animal species, detailed active surveillance plan and procedures have been set up to investigate any additional cases in animals to reduce chances of spread to humans and to cub international spread and also to determine the magnitude of exposure.References1 Nabukenya, Investigation and response to Rift Valley Fever and Yellow Fever outbreaks in humans in Uganda, 20162 Nyakarahuka L.prevalence and risk factors of Rift valley in humans and animals from kabale, 20163 Wang LF, Crameri G.Emerging zoonotic viral diseases.Rev Sci Tech Int Epiz.2014;33Institute of Medicine (U.S.), Committee on Achieving Sustainable Global Capacity for surveillance and4 Response to Emerging Diseases of Zoonotic Origin, Keusch G. Sustaining global surveillance and response to emerging zoonotic diseases, 20095 Musa Sekamatte, Vikram K.Multisectoral prioritization of zoonotic diseases in Uganda, 2017, A One Health perspective6 Munyua P, Bitek A, Osoro E, Pieracci EG, Muema J,Mwatondo A,et al, Prioritization of Zoonotic Diseases in Kenya,2015. PLOS ONE. 2016;11:e0161576. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0161576 PMID:27557120 

scholarly journals The Missing Professional Perspective: Medical, Veterinary, and Dual Degree Public Health Student Perceptions of One Health

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohini Roopnarine ◽  
Ellen Boeren ◽  
Julie-Anne Regan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Student Perceptions ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
One Health ◽  
Role Theory ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Master Of Public Health ◽  
Professional Perspective ◽  
Dual Degree

Introduction: One Health (OH) is an important concept to design appropriate public health responses to emerging diseases such as COVID-19. How trainee health professionals understand this concept is important to its implementation. In this study, we explored how medical (MD), veterinary (DVM), and dual degree MD and DVM Master of Public Health (MPH) students define OH and its relevance to practice.Methods: Students participated in a survey that included the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS), and two questions requiring them to define and explain the relevance of OH. The transcripts of the OH responses underwent thematic analysis. Role theory was used to explain the variation in how students from these different programmes viewed the concept.Results: The responses of the MD and DVM students in contrast to the dual degree MPH students reflected gaps in their understanding of the concept that pertained to the specific health impacts of global warming; antimicrobial resistance, food security; social, cultural and environmental determinants of zoonoses occurrence, and health policy formation.Discussion: Mitigation of the global risks to public health require a collaborative approach by health professionals. Our findings suggest that MD and DVM students are unaware of many factors that impact patient health outside of their own discipline. The inclusion of dual degree students revealed novel insights that undertaking an MPH may have enabled them to be more aware about the interdisciplinary relevance of OH to their professional practice. We recommend that structured incorporation of OH should inform future medical and veterinary curricula.

scholarly journals Implementing One Health approaches to confront emerging and re-emerging zoonotic disease threats: lessons from PREDICT

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Terra R. Kelly ◽  
◽  
Catherine Machalaba ◽  
William B. Karesh ◽  
Paulina Zielinska Crook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
One Health ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Nipah Virus ◽  
Early Response ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Shared Knowledge ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
The One

AbstractRecurring outbreaks of emerging and re-emerging zoonoses, such as Ebola virus disease, avian influenza, and Nipah virus, serve as a reminder that the health of humans, animals, and the environment are interconnected and that early response to emerging zoonotic pathogens requires a coordinated, interdisciplinary, cross-sectoral approach. As our world becomes increasingly connected, emerging diseases pose a greater threat, requiring coordination at local, regional, and global levels. One Health is a multisectoral, transdisciplinary, and collaborative approach promoted to more effectively address these complex health threats. Despite strong advocacy for One Health, challenges for practical implementation remain. Here we discuss the value of the One Health approach for addressing global health challenges. We also share strategies applied to achieve successful outcomes through the USAID Emerging Pandemic Threats Program PREDICT project, which serve as useful case studies for implementing One Health approaches. Lastly, we explore methods for promoting more formal One Health implementation to capitalize on the added value of shared knowledge and leveraged resources.

scholarly journals The business case for One Health

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Delia Grace
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
One Health ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Business Case ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Health It ◽  
Conservation Implications ◽  
The One ◽  
Animal Reservoirs ◽  
Health Research And Development

This article outlines a pathway to develop the business case for One Health. It describes the origin and development of One Health and then identifies five potential areas where One Health can add value and reduce costs. These are: (1) sharing health resources between the medical and veterinary sectors; (2) controlling zoonoses in animal reservoirs; (3) early detection and response to emerging diseases; (4) prevention of pandemics; and (5) generating insights and adding value to health research and development. Examples are given for each category along with preliminary estimates of the potential savings from adopting the One Health approach. The literature reviewed suggests that one dollar invested in One Health can generate five dollars worth of benefits and a global investment of US$25 billion over 10 years could generate benefits worth at least US$125 billion. Conservation implications: the time has come to make the bigger case for massive investment in One Health in order to transform the management of neglected and emerging zoonoses and to save the lives of millions of people and hundreds of millions of animals whose production supports and nourishes billions of impoverished people per annum.

scholarly journals PENANGGULANGAN PENYAKIT ZOONOSIS MELALUI METODE OH –SMART

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Irwan Irwan ◽  
Nurayini S Lalu
Keyword(s):  
Health Systems ◽  
One Health ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Emerging Zoonoses ◽  
Systems Mapping

Penyakit zoonosis didefinisikan sebagai  penyakit menular yang ditularkan secara  alamiah dari hewan domestik atau hewan liar ke manusia. Dunia menyaksikan bahwa dalam  seabad belakangan ini muncul apa yang disebut  sebagai “emerging and re-emerging diseases”. ‘Emerging zoonoses’ merupakan penyakit zoonosis yang baru muncul, dapat terjadi  dimana saja di dunia, dan dampaknya berpotensi menjadi begitu parah. Sedangkan  ‘re-emerging zoonoses’ merupakan penyakit zoonosis yang sudah pernah muncul di masamasa sebelumnya, akan tetapi menunjukkan tanda mulai meningkat kembali saat iniFakto-faktor yang dianggap berkontribusI  terhadap kemunculan ‘emerging zoonoses’termasuk pertumbuhan populasi manusia, globalisasi perdagangan, intensifikasi pemeliharaan satwa liar, dan mikroba yang berkaitan dengan satwa liar memasuki produsen ternak yang intensif (BROWN, 2004).Metode “One Health Systems Mapping and Analysis Resource Toolkit  (OH SMART) adalah sebuah instrumen atau alat bantu sumber daya pemetaan dan analisisa sistem One health yang dkembangkan  untuk menanggulangi maslah penularan penyakit khususnya penyakit bersumber binatang (Zoonosis). Instrumen ini melibatkan  masyarakat bersama tenaga profesional yang  bekerja dalam area dengan  saling berkolaborasi untuk mencapai pemahaman yang lebih baik mengenai  semua faktor yang terlibat dalam penyebaran penyakit, kesehatan ekosistem, serta kemunculan patogen baru dan agen zoonotik.  Manfaat praktis  metode  OH-SMART ; Mengidentifikasi siapa saja instansi mana saja yang terlibat dan apa perannya, memetakan proses/interaksi pada masing-masing instansi, sektor dan lintas sektor lainnya, mengidentifikasi kesenjangan/ketidaksesuaian  dan membangun kepemimpinan partisipatif, bekerja multidisiplin, lintas sektor dan lintas  budaya .Setelah melaksanakan program OH SMART  secara bertahap mulai dari langkah 1 sampai langkah 6, maka akan menghasilkan luaran dalam bentuk Peta penanggulangan penyakit Zonosis yang komprehensif di tingkat DesaKata kunci : Kolaborasi, Penyakit Zoonosis 

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