Cyclamen callus culture

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 2065-2067 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Loewenberg
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Cyclamen Persicum

Cyclamen persicum callus cultures have been established on a defined medium. The tissue requires an auxin and a cytokinin. Adenine, while not required, greatly stimulates growth. The callus grows more vigorously in the dark than in light. After more than 6 years of subculture, the callus retains the capacity to form roots and shoots.

Comparative Investigation on Formation and Accumulation of Rare Phenylpropanoids in Plants and in vitro Cultures of Pimpinella major

1990 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 602-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Merkel ◽  
J. Reichling
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Liquid Nutrient Medium ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Plant Seedlings

Abstract Unorganized callus and leaf/root-differentiating callus cultures of Pimpinella major have been established in liquid nutrient medium. Their capacity to accumulate rare phenylpropanoids such as epoxy-pseudoisoeugenol tiglate, epoxy-anol tiglate and anol tiglate was compared with that of seedlings and whole plants. The unorganized callus cultures were not able to accumulate any phenylpropanoids. In comparison, the leaf/root-differentiating callus culture promoted the accumulation of epoxy-pseudoisoeugenol tiglate (up to 90 mg/100 g fr.wt.) but not that of anol-derivatives. The accumulated amount of EPT in PMD-SH was comparable with that in plant seedlings.

scholarly journals Effect of Ultraviolet-C Radiation and Melatonin Stress on Biosynthesis of Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Metabolites Produced in In Vitro Callus Cultures of Lepidium sativum L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asad Ullah ◽  
Duangjai Tungmunnithum ◽  
Laurine Garros ◽  
Samantha Drouet ◽  
Christophe Hano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Uv C ◽  
Lepidium Sativum L

Lepidium sativum L. is a rich source of polyphenols that have huge medicinal and pharmaceutical applications. In the current study, an effective abiotic elicitation strategy was designed for enhanced biosynthesis of polyphenols in callus culture of L. sativum. Callus was exposed to UV-C radiations for different time intervals and various concentrations of melatonin. Secondary metabolites were quantified by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results indicated the total secondary metabolite accumulation of nine quantified compounds was almost three fold higher (36.36 mg/g dry weight (DW)) in melatonin (20 μM) treated cultures, whereas, in response to UV-C (60 min), a 2.5 fold increase (32.33 mg/g DW) was recorded compared to control (13.94 mg/g DW). Metabolic profiling revealed the presence of three major phytochemicals, i.e., chlorogenic acid, kaemferol, and quercetin, in callus culture of L. sativum. Furthermore, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and enzymatic activities of callus cultures were significantly enhanced. Maximum antidiabetic activities (α-glucosidase: 57.84%; α-amylase: 62.66%) were recorded in melatonin (20 μM) treated callus cultures. Overall, melatonin proved to be an effect elicitor compared to UV-C and a positive correlation in these biological activities and phytochemical accumulation was observed. The present study provides a better comparison of both elicitors and their role in the initiation of physiological pathways for enhanced metabolites biosynthesis in vitro callus culture of L. sativum.

scholarly journals Callus Culture of Thai Basil Is an Effective Biological System for the Production of Antioxidants

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (20) ◽  
pp. 4859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saher Nazir ◽  
Hasnain Jan ◽  
Duangjai Tungmunnithum ◽  
Samantha Drouet ◽  
Muhammad Zia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Callus Culture ◽  
Biological System ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Chicoric Acid

Thai basil is a renowned medicinal plant and a rich source of bioactive antioxidant compounds with several health benefits, with actions to prevent of cancer, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Plant cell and tissue culture technologies can be routinely established as an important, sustainable and low-cost biomass source to produce high-value phytochemicals. The current study aimed at developing an effective protocol to produce Thai basil leaf-derived callus cultures with sustainable and high production of biomass and antioxidants as an alternative of leaves production. MS basal medium with various concentrations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) compatible with nutraceutical applications (i.e., gibberellic acid (GA3) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) either alone or in combination with naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)) were evaluated. Among all tested PGRs, the combination BAP:NAA (5 mg/L:1 mg/L) yields the maximum biomass accumulation (fresh weight (FW): 190 g/L and dry weight (DW): 13.05 g/L) as well as enhanced phenolic (346.08 mg/L) production. HPLC quantification analysis indicated high productions of chicoric acid (35.77 mg/g DW) and rosmarinic acid (7.35 mg/g DW) under optimized callus culture conditions. Antioxidant potential was assessed using both in vitro cell free and in vivo cellular antioxidant assays. Maximum in vitro antioxidant activity DPPH (93.2% of radical scavenging activity) and ABTS (1322 µM Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) was also observed for the extracts from callus cultures grown in optimal conditions. In vivo cellular antioxidant activity assay confirmed the effective protection against oxidative stress of the corresponding extract by the maximum inhibition of ROS and RNS production. Compared to commercial leaves, callus extracts showed higher production of chicoric acid and rosmarinic acid associated with higher antioxidant capacity. In addition, this biological system also has a large capacity for continuous biomass production, thus demonstrating its high potential for possible nutraceutical applications.

Sorbitol and sucrose as carbon source for callus culture of some species of the Rosaceae

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 547-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Coffin ◽  
C. D. Taper ◽  
Calvin Chong
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Callus Culture ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Malus Pumila ◽  
Callus Initiation ◽  
Sucrose Medium

Initiation of stem callus cultures on a nutrient medium with either 3% sucrose and (or) 3% sorbitol as carbon source was attempted with 17 species selected from the following genera of the Rosaceae: Amelanchier, two spp.; Crataegus, one sp.; Malus, one sp.; Prunus, nine spp.; Pyrus, one sp.; Sorbus, two spp.; and Spiraea, one sp. In the case of Malus pumila var. niedzwetzkyana (crabapple), sucrose and sorbitol media were equally effective in callus initiation, and equal growth was maintained on these media. Callus of Spiraea vanhouttei was initiated only on sucrose medium and no callus of Prunus tenella formed on either medium. With all other species, callus was initiated and (or) gave better growth on further subculture on sucrose than on sorbitol medium, except for Prunus persica (peach), which grew better on sorbitol.

Evidence for the presence of cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate and its metabolism in loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) callus

1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H. Smeltzer ◽  
Morris A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Adenyl Cyclase ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Camp Concentration ◽  
Adenyl Cyclase Activity ◽  
Stable Product ◽  
Camp Hydrolysis

Evidence is presented suggesting the occurrence of cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP) and adenyl cyclase activity in loblolly pine (Pinustaeda L.) callus cultures grown aseptically on a defined medium. The presence of enzymes in the callus capable of catalyzing cAMP hydrolysis also was detected. Adenosine was the most stable product resulting from cAMP hydrolysis. A direct relationship was found between apparent cAMP concentration and the rate of fresh weight increase of dark-grown callus during a 6-week passage.

Isoenzymes in cell cultures of bush bean (Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Contender): isoenzymatic changes during the callus culture cycle and differences between stock cultures

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 2621-2629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Arnison ◽  
W. G. Boll
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Polyphenol Oxidase ◽  
Callus Culture ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Bush Bean ◽  
Leucine Amino Peptidase ◽  
Culture Cycle ◽  
Enzyme Patterns ◽  
Isoenzyme Patterns

Electrophoretic analyses of isoenzyme patterns were performed with extracts of root, hypocotyl, and cotyledon callus cultures derived from a single seedling. The enzymes studied included peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, catalase, malate and glutamate dehydrogenases, esterase, and leucine amino peptidase. Enzyme patterns changed during the culture cycle and several isoenzymes appeared only at certain times. The isoenzymatic patterns of the three cultures were very similar but persistent differences between them were observed.

scholarly journals Isolated culture of A. reptance L., its’ morphological and growth features

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Elen Poghosyan ◽  
Naira Sahakyan ◽  
Margarit Petrosyan ◽  
Irina Batlutskaya ◽  
Karen Trchounian
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Micro Propagation ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

A growing demand for the ecologically pure products brings us for searching novel biotechnological approaches for plant cultivation. One of these approaches is the in vitro cultivation and further acclimatization of valuable plant species. The object of our investigation was Ajugareptance L. ornamental plant which possesses high metabolic activity. In vitro cultivation was carried out applying Murashige-Skoog nutrient medium and its modifications. Acclimatization of in vitro plants was implemented according Hazarika. In the presence of twice higher concentration of cytokinins over auxins and 0.2 mg/ml gibberellins callus culture was formed from the leaf explants. Callus tissue was formed in the presence of 0.2 mg/ml kinetin and 2 mg/ml indole-3-acetic acid which has denser structure than the first one. The shoot formation was observed on callus cultures growing on the same medium approximately after 5th passage. Callus culture growth was supported also by the adding of 2 mg/ml 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. For the micropropagation, the already formed shoots were transferred to the nutrient medium which contains only 0.1 mg/ml 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid as a phytohormone. A. reptans culture has high regenerative ability and the micro-propagation index was 104 – 105. In vitro regenerated plants were successfully acclimatized to the soil conditions during two-week period.

Enhanced production of bioactive compound in the callus culture of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. with the improved biomass accumulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Jaiswal ◽  
Yashodhara Verma ◽  
Pragati Misra
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Adenine Sulphate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Metabolite Content

Abstract Licorice ( Glycyrrhiza glabra ) of Fabaceae family is known to have wide range of medicinal properties due to the metabolites found in the plant’s tissue. Callus cultures from Glycyrrhiza glabra were previously initiated in vitro using leaf as an explant. The current study was designed in a way to examine the possible role of different elicitors concentrations on the stimulation of biomass and their effects on different metabolite content such as total carbohydrates, protein, proline, phenol, alkaloid, flavonoid and glycyrrhizin. Elicitation with different concentration of elicitors increased the biomass and metabolite content in callus culture of G. glabra at different rates. The optimum concentration of adenine sulphate for maximum biomass accumulation (16.79 g/flask) was found to be at 50 mg/l on the incubation of 20 th days. Adenine sulphate as well as putrescine was also found to stimulate the different metabolite content to 3-4 folds in the callus cultures as compared to that of control. Results showed that the metabolite content and antioxidant enzyme of Glycyrrhiza glabra can be enhanced by appropriate forms of elicitation.

Patterns of variability in DNA content and nuclear volume in regenerating cultures of Nicotiana tabacum

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary B. Berlyn
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Isonicotinic Acid ◽  
Acid Hydrazide ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Nuclear Volume ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Volume Measurements ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Undifferentiated Callus

The frequency distributions of DNA content per nucleus were examined in five isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) resistant callus lines of tobacco and in developing buds and shoots regenerating from the lines. They were compared with the distribution for a diploid plant, with an estimated 2C value of 7.8 pg. The total range of all the callus cultures was between 5 and 40 pg, with modes between 7 and 16 pg. In the oldest (6 years) callus culture, the mean and standard deviation were lower in the buds developing from the culture than in the undifferentiated callus: however, older shoots again showed a higher mean and more disperse distribution. In contrast, for 4-year-old secondary callus cultures from plants simultaneously regenerated from a second INH-resistant (I 24) line, the mean DNA content per nucleus of the developing buds was higher than that of the undifferentiated callus. Less variation and a more nearly diploid distribution were observed in a 2-year-old callus culture of a fertile plant chosen from the progeny of one of these I 24 plants and in the buds and older shoots regenerated from this culture. Thus, in these five moderately heteroploid cultures a consistent pattern of selection for euploid levels of DNA did not occur during the observed stages of regeneration. Examination of volume as well as DNA content of nuclei in the different tissues showed that variability of nuclear volume measurements, as indicated by coefficients of variation, was correlated with variability of DNA content per nucleus, although measurements of volume and DNA content per individual nucleus were not always highly correlated. It is suggested that high coefficient of variation of nuclear volume, in conjunction with large nuclear size, could serve as a rapid preliminary indicator of highly heterogeneous DNA levels in the nuclear population of Nicotiana cultures.

Shoot regeneration in long-term callus cultures derived from mature flowering plants of Cyclamen persicum Mill.

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 545-548
Author(s):  
Willy Dillen ◽  
Ingrid Dijkstra ◽  
Johan Oud
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Cyclamen Persicum
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