scholarly journals Effect of Ultraviolet-C Radiation and Melatonin Stress on Biosynthesis of Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Metabolites Produced in In Vitro Callus Cultures of Lepidium sativum L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 1787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asad Ullah ◽  
Duangjai Tungmunnithum ◽  
Laurine Garros ◽  
Samantha Drouet ◽  
Christophe Hano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Uv C ◽  
Lepidium Sativum L

Lepidium sativum L. is a rich source of polyphenols that have huge medicinal and pharmaceutical applications. In the current study, an effective abiotic elicitation strategy was designed for enhanced biosynthesis of polyphenols in callus culture of L. sativum. Callus was exposed to UV-C radiations for different time intervals and various concentrations of melatonin. Secondary metabolites were quantified by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results indicated the total secondary metabolite accumulation of nine quantified compounds was almost three fold higher (36.36 mg/g dry weight (DW)) in melatonin (20 μM) treated cultures, whereas, in response to UV-C (60 min), a 2.5 fold increase (32.33 mg/g DW) was recorded compared to control (13.94 mg/g DW). Metabolic profiling revealed the presence of three major phytochemicals, i.e., chlorogenic acid, kaemferol, and quercetin, in callus culture of L. sativum. Furthermore, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and enzymatic activities of callus cultures were significantly enhanced. Maximum antidiabetic activities (α-glucosidase: 57.84%; α-amylase: 62.66%) were recorded in melatonin (20 μM) treated callus cultures. Overall, melatonin proved to be an effect elicitor compared to UV-C and a positive correlation in these biological activities and phytochemical accumulation was observed. The present study provides a better comparison of both elicitors and their role in the initiation of physiological pathways for enhanced metabolites biosynthesis in vitro callus culture of L. sativum.

Field Cultivation and in vitro Cultures, Root-Forming Callus Cultures and Adventitious Root Cultures, of Panax quinquefolium as a Source of Ginsenosides

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 482-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grażyna Szymańska ◽  
Ewa Kochan ◽  
Piotr Szymczyk
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Adventitious Root ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Panax Quinquefolium ◽  
Adventitious Root Cultures

The content of six ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Rg1, and Re) was studied in the roots of field-grown plants, as well as in root-forming callus cultures and adventitious root cultures of Panax quinquefolium using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The highest level of saponins was isolated from root hairs (128 mg/g dry weight). The examined in vitro culture synthesized all identified saponins, although in smaller amounts than those obtained from field cultivation. Metabolites Rb1 and Re dominated in the ginseng biomass from both field crops and in vitro culture.

scholarly journals Elicitor induced increased rosmarinic acid content of in vitro root cultures of Ocimum basilicum L. (Sweet Basil)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-163
Author(s):  
Trayee Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Ocimum Basilicum ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Root Cultures ◽  
Shoot Bud

In vitro root cultures provide an alternative means for producing secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical and industrial importance. The present investigation is an attempt to study the effect of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) as an elicitor, on the production of rosmarinic acid through in vitro root cultures of Ocimum basilicum L. The rosmarinic acid is a preformed constitutively accumulated defense compound having several biological activities including antibacterial, antiviral, and antioxidative activity. Uniform progeny of O. basilicum L. was obtained through in vitro shoot bud multiplication as reliable source of explants. In vitro root cultures were established in one fourth strength of Murashige and Skoog (MS) liquid medium supplemented with 1.0 mg l–1 ?-napthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Methyl jasmonate, was supplemented to the root cultures at different concentrations (0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 mM), and their effect on total phenol content as well as rosmarinic acid production was studied. Rosmarinic acid was quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Compared to the control set of cultures 1.60 fold increase in rosmarinic acid concentration (4.05 ± 0.74 % of dry wt) was observed in elicitor treated cultures.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Essential Oil from Calamintha nepeta Plants from the Wild in Southern Italy

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Mancini ◽  
Laura De Martino ◽  
Hanna Malova ◽  
Vincenzo De Feo
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
Phytotoxic Activity ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Lepidium Sativum L

The chemical composition of the essential oil from aerial parts of Calamintha nepeta (L.) Savi, collected in the Campania Region, was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. In all, 42 compounds were identified. The oil was characterized by a prevalence of the sesquiterpenic fraction (80.8%). The main components were 1,10-di- epi-cubenol (18.5%), allo-aromadendrene epoxide (11.4%) and cadalene (5.7%). The essential oil was evaluated for its in vitro potential phytotoxic activity against germination and initial radical growth of Raphanus sativus L., Lepidium sativum L., Sinapis arvensis L., Triticum durum L. and Phalaris canariensis L. seeds. The essential oil showed no antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Interactive Effects of Wide-Spectrum Monochromatic Lights on Phytochemical Production, Antioxidant and Biological Activities of Solanum xanthocarpum Callus Cultures

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 2201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazrat Usman ◽  
Muhammad Asad Ullah ◽  
Hasnain Jan ◽  
Aisha Siddiquah ◽  
Samantha Drouet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Caffeic Acid ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Callus Culture ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Methyl Caffeate ◽  
Solanum Xanthocarpum

Solanum xanthocarpum is considered an important traditional medicinal herb because of its unique antioxidant, and anti-diabetic, anti-aging, and anti-inflammatory potential. Because of the over exploitation linked to its medicinal properties as well as destruction of its natural habitat, S. xanthocarpum is now becoming endangered and its supply is limited. Plant in vitro culture and elicitation are attractive alternative strategies to produce biomass and stimulate biosynthesis of medicinally important phytochemicals. Here, we investigated the potential influence of seven different monochromatic light treatments on biomass and secondary metabolites accumulation in callus culture of S. xanthocarpum as well as associated biological activities of the corresponding extracts. Among different light treatments, highest biomass accumulation was observed in white light-treated callus culture. Optimum accumulation of total flavonoid contents (TFC) and total phenolic contents (TPC) were observed in callus culture kept under continuous white and blue light respectively than control. Quantification of phytochemicals through HPLC revealed that optimum production of caffeic acid (0.57 ± 0.06 mg/g DW), methyl-caffeate (17.19 mg/g ± 1.79 DW), scopoletin (2.28 ± 0.13 mg/g DW), and esculetin (0.68 ± 0.07 mg/g DW) was observed under blue light callus cultures. Compared to the classic photoperiod condition, caffeic acid, methyl-caffeate, scopoletin, and esculetin were accumulated 1.7, 2.5, 1.1, and 1.09-folds higher, respectively. Moreover, high in vitro cell free antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-aging, and anti-inflammatory activities were closely associated with the production of these secondary metabolites. These results clearly showed the interest to apply multispectral light as elicitor of in vitro callus cultures S. xanthocarpum to promote the production of important phytochemicals, and allow us to propose this system as an alternative for the collection of this endangered species from the wild.

scholarly journals Monochromatic lights-induced trends in antioxidant and antidiabetic polyphenol accumulation in in vitro callus cultures of Lepidium sativum L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 111505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asad Ullah ◽  
Duangjai Tungmunnithum ◽  
Laurine Garros ◽  
Christophe Hano ◽  
Bilal Haider Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Lepidium Sativum L

scholarly journals Bio-Guided Isolation of Prospective Bioactive Constituents from Roots of Clausena indica (Dalzell) Oliv

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (24) ◽  
pp. 4442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Quan ◽  
Tran Dang Xuan ◽  
La Hoang Anh ◽  
Hoang-Dung Tran
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Tyrosinase Inhibitor ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometric

Clausena indica fruits are routinely used for the culinary purpose as natural spices, whereas leaves and roots are folk medicine with various health benefits in southern China, South and Southeast Asia. In this study, the bioassay-guided fractionation by column chromatography yielded three pure compounds including dentatin, nordentatin, and clausine K and five active fractions (Re1-5) from C. indica roots. These known anticancer compounds were confirmed by X-ray diffraction, 1H-, 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric (ESI-MS-MS) analyses. Meanwhile, the phytochemical constituents from fractions were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The isolates, fractions’ components and their biological activities were first time investigated on C. indica. By in vitro DPPH and ABTS scavenging assays, nordentatin (IC50 = 49.2 and 69.9 µg/mL, respectively) and the fraction Re4 (32.4 and 38.5 µg/mL, respectively) showed the strongest antiradical activities, whereas clausine K presented a moderate and dentatin had negligible antioxidant activity, respectively. The anti-α-amylase activity of C. indica root extracts was mainly attributed to the fraction Re2 which inactivated the enzymatic assay with IC50 of 573.8 µg/mL. Among tested samples, only nordentatin and clausine K were effective in the pancreatic elastase inhibition, however, their influences were trivial. Markedly, clausine K and Re4 performed the most remarkable tyrosinase inhibition with IC50 values of 179.5 and 243.8 µg/mL, respectively, which were in turn 4 and 3 times stronger than myricetin (IC50 = 735.6 µg/mL), a well-known tyrosinase inhibitor. This is the first report affirming clausine K to be a new strong tyrosinase inhibitor. Isolated compounds from C. indica roots were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), of which, dentatin, nordentatin, and clausine K accounted for 14.74, 6.14, and 1.28 mg/g dry weight. The findings suggest that bioactive constituents from C. indica roots may be potentially employed for the development of antidiabetic, antiaging and cosmetic agents.

scholarly journals Polyphenolic Compounds from Callus Cultures of Iris Pseudacorus

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darya V. Tarbeeva ◽  
Sergey A. Fedoreyev ◽  
Marina V. Veselova ◽  
Anatoliy I. Kalinovskiy ◽  
Ludmila D. Seletskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Polyphenolic Compounds ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Iris Pseudacorus ◽  
Chemopreventive Agent ◽  
Murashige And Skoog Medium ◽  
Dehydrodiconiferyl Alcohol

A callus culture of Iris pseudacorus L. (Iridaceae) was established from plant leaves using a modified Murashige and Skoog medium. A derivative of cinnamic acid (lavandoside) (1), a neolignan (dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol-4- O-β-D-glucopyranoside) (2) as well as three isoflavonoids, tectoridin (3), tectorigenin (4), and iristectorigenin A (5) were isolated from the callus culture. Under normal conditions, the calli accumulated 0.4% DW of polyphenols. The addition of phenylalanine to a concentration of 1 mM resulted in a 1.5-fold increase in isoflavonoid production, allowing the accumulation of 0.69% of polyphenols in the callus dry weight. Tectorigenin, a promising chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive agent for the treatment of carcinomas, was produced in I. pseudacorus calli in high quantities (0.3% DW).

Comparative Investigation on Formation and Accumulation of Rare Phenylpropanoids in Plants and in vitro Cultures of Pimpinella major

1990 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 602-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Merkel ◽  
J. Reichling
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
In Vitro Cultures ◽  
Liquid Nutrient Medium ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Plant Seedlings

Abstract Unorganized callus and leaf/root-differentiating callus cultures of Pimpinella major have been established in liquid nutrient medium. Their capacity to accumulate rare phenylpropanoids such as epoxy-pseudoisoeugenol tiglate, epoxy-anol tiglate and anol tiglate was compared with that of seedlings and whole plants. The unorganized callus cultures were not able to accumulate any phenylpropanoids. In comparison, the leaf/root-differentiating callus culture promoted the accumulation of epoxy-pseudoisoeugenol tiglate (up to 90 mg/100 g fr.wt.) but not that of anol-derivatives. The accumulated amount of EPT in PMD-SH was comparable with that in plant seedlings.

scholarly journals Derivatization of Rosmarinic Acid Enhances its in vitro Antitumor, Antimicrobial and Antiprotozoal Properties

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Bittner Fialová ◽  
Martin Kello ◽  
Matúš Čoma ◽  
Lívia Slobodníková ◽  
Eva Drobná ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Phosphonium Salts ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Quaternary Phosphonium Salts

On its own, rosmarinic acid possesses multiple biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cardioprotective and antitumor properties, and these are the consequence of its ROS scavenging and inhibitory effect on inflammation. In this study, two quaternary phosphonium salts of rosmarinic acid were prepared for the purpose of increasing its penetration into biological systems with the aim of improving its antimicrobial, antifungal, antiprotozoal and antitumor activity. The synthetized molecules, the triphenylphosphonium and tricyclohexylphosphonium salts of rosmarinic acid, exhibited significantly stronger inhibitory effects on the growth of HCT116 cells with IC50 values of 7.28 or 8.13 μM in comparison to the initial substance, rosmarinic acid (>300 μM). For the synthesized derivatives, we detected a greater than three-fold increase of activity against Acanthamoeba quina, and a greater than eight-fold increase of activity against A. lugdunensis in comparison to rosmarinic acid. Furthermore, we recorded significantly higher antimicrobial activity of the synthetized derivatives when compared to rosmarinic acid itself. Both synthetized quaternary phosphonium salts of rosmarinic acid appear to be promising antitumor and antimicrobial agents, as well as impressive molecules for further research.

scholarly journals Momilactones A, B, and Tricin in Rice Grain and By-Products are Potential Skin Aging Inhibitors

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Quan ◽  
Dam Duy Thien ◽  
Tran Dang Khanh ◽  
Hoang-Dung Tran ◽  
Tran Dang Xuan
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Skin Aging ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Ic50 Values

We previously reported the inhibitory potentials of momilactones A (MA) and B (MB) against key enzymes related to type 2 diabetes and obesity. In this study, antioxidant and anti-skin-aging activities of MA and MB were investigated and compared with tricin, a well-known antioxidant and antiaging flavonoid in rice. MA, MB, and tricin were purified from rice husk by column chromatography and their biological activities were subsequently assayed by in vitro trials. The contents of MA, MB, and tricin of different commercial rice cultivars in Japan were quantified and confirmed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses. The antioxidant assays revealed a synergistic activity of the mixture MA and MB (MAB, 1:1, v/v). In addition, in 2,2’-azino-bis (ABTS) assay, IC50 values of MAB (0.3 mg/mL) and tricin (0.3 mg/mL) was 4-fold and 9-fold greater than that of individual MB (1.3 mg/mL) or MA (2.8 mg/mL), respectively. The in vitro enzymatic assays on pancreatic elastase and tyrosinase indicated that MA and MB were potential to relief skin wrinkles and freckles. In detail, MA exerted higher inhibition on both enzymatic activities (30.9 and 37.6% for elastase and tyrosinase inhibition, respectively) than MB (18.5 and 12.6%) and MAB (32.0 and 19.7%) at a concentration of 2.0 mg/mL. Notably, MA and the mixture MAB exhibited stronger inhibitions on elastase and tyrosinase in comparison with tricin and vanillin. MA, MB, and tricin in rice are potential to develop cosmetics as well as supplements for skin aging treatments.

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