scholarly journals Root and shoot development of Rumex species under waterlogged conditions

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1865-1869 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. C. J. Voesenek ◽  
C. W. P. M. Blom ◽  
R. H. W. Pouwels
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Sand Culture ◽  
Rumex Acetosa ◽  
Rumex Crispus ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Significant Development ◽  
Vertical Root Distribution ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Field Location

The responses of Rumex acetosa, Rumex crispus, and Rumex palustris to different levels of waterlogging were studied in sand culture experiments. Rumex crispus and R. palustris developed new flooding-resistant roots as a response to waterlogging. The growth of these new roots caused a changed vertical distribution of the root length in these species; most root length was concentrated in the upper 10 cm of the soil. Rumex acetosa did not show significant development of flooding-resistant roots and did not change its vertical root distribution during flooding of the soil. The results of the experiments indicate that growth expressed as relative growth rate is positively correlated to the development of new flooding-resistant roots under waterlogged conditions. We concluded that R. crispus and R. palustris are more resistant to waterlogging than R. acetosa; this agrees with the distribution of these Rumex species in the field. However, waterlogging resistance is probably only one of the factors influencing differences in field location between the Rumex species.

scholarly journals Rooting patterns of Rumex species under drained conditions

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 1638-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. C. J. Voesenek ◽  
C. W. P. M. Blom
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Root Distribution ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rumex Acetosa ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Vertical Root Distribution ◽  
Rooting Patterns

Root development and architecture were studied in three Rumex species growing in a perforated soil system in the greenhouse. Distinct differences in vertical root distribution under drained conditions were found among the three species. Rumex acetosa and R. palustris had a relatively superficial root pattern, whereas in R. crispus much of the root growth was concentrated in lower soil layers. In the upper soil layer the relative growth rate of the roots of R. palustris was significantly larger than that of the other species. A relation between the characteristic rooting patterns under drained conditions and the Rumex zonation in the field is discussed.

scholarly journals Influence guanidinoacetic acid on the growth of young animals quails meat direction of productivity

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sychov ◽  
H. Pryumak
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Absolute Increase ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Guanidinoacetic Acid ◽  
Relative Gains ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Different Levels

The effect of using different levels guanidinoacetic acid in compound feeds on the growth of young quails meat direction of productivity. It is proved that adding to the basic diet of different levels guanidinoacetic acid (0.06, 0.12, 0.18 %) increases live weight of quails on 3.9 – 13.5 g and improves the absolute, average daily and relative gains compared to a bird in the control group, which were fed the main diet. The data show that at the age of 42 days of live weight was the highest in the diet of quail which was administered 0.12% GAA and dominant control of 13.5 g However, in 21 days live weight of quail fed 0.06 and 0.12 % guanidinoacetic acid was greater than control respectively 9.2 and 7.6 grams (P < 0.01). In absolute increments quail, fed GAA prevailed bird control group. The largest absolute increase was in birds that consumed the main diet of GAA level of 0.12% and prevailed controls 6.5 g (P < 0.001). A similar situation was of average daily gain. Young animals that received feed containing 0.12% guanidinoacetic acid had the highest average growth, which exceeded 0.9 g (15.5%) bird control group. As for the relative performance increases here were different. The lowest relative growth observed in birds which were administered GAA 0.06%, it lagged behind the controls 0.1 g in the same period quail treated with 0.12 and 0, 18% guanidinoacetic acid superior control respectively 2 and 1.1 g.

Rumex acetosa L. Rumex acetosella L. Rumex confertus Willd. Rumex conglomeratus Murray Rumex crispus L. Rumex tuberosus L. Polygonaceae

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ketevan Batsatsashvili ◽  
Naiba Mehdiyeva ◽  
George Fayvush ◽  
Zaal Kikvidze ◽  
Manana Khutsishvili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rumex Acetosa ◽  
Rumex Crispus ◽  
Rumex Acetosella

Propanil Resistance in Populations of Junglerice (Echinochloa colona) in Colombian Rice Fields

Weed Science ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert J. Fischer ◽  
Eduardo Granados ◽  
Diego Trujillo
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Considerable Variability ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Mean Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Ecological Success ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
Susceptible Populations ◽  
Different Levels

Dose-response studies estimating GR40 values indicated different levels of propanil resistance in junglerice populations from fields previously treated with propanil, compared to a check population collected where this herbicide had never been used. The GR40 for susceptible populations ranged from 0.36 to 0.50 kg ai ha−1and for resistant populations ranged from 1.10 to 3.10 kg ai ha−1. Considerable variability in growth and morphology existed among populations. Variability in cumulative leaf area, aboveground biomass, mean relative growth rate, mean net assimilation rate, and mean leaf area ratio could not be related to propanil resistance. Competitiveness was not related to propanil resistance either. of several vegetative and reproductive parameters measured at maturity, only grain weight per plant and number of grains per plant were correlated with GR40 (r = −0.73, P = 0.06). This trend towards lower reproductive fitness in propanil-resistant junglerice plants may reduce its ecological success when growing with propanil-susceptible plants in the absence of this herbicide.

NaCl salinity affects lateral root development in Plantago maritima

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Rubinigg ◽  
Julia Wenisch ◽  
J. Theo M. Elzenga ◽  
Ineke Stulen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Lateral Root ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Lateral Root Primordia ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Length Growth ◽  
Lateral Root Length

Root growth and morphology were assessed weekly in hydroponically-grown seedlings of the halophyte Plantago maritima L. during exposure to 0, 50, 100 and 200 mm NaCl for 21 d. Relative growth rate was reduced by 25% at 200 mm NaCl. The lower NaCl treatments did not affect relative growth rates. Primary and lateral roots responded differently to NaCl. While primary-root length increased at all NaCl concentrations, total lateral-root length increased at 50 and was not affected at 100 mm but was considerably reduced at 200 mm NaCl. NaCl concentrations of 50 and 100 mm, which had no effect on relative growth rate or total lateral-root length, severely affected root branching pattern in that the number of first, second and third order laterals was reduced. At 200 mm NaCl third order laterals were not formed at all. However, mean lateral-root length was increased at all NaCl concentrations and was highest at 200 mm NaCl. We conclude that the increase in total lateral-root length in plants at 50 and 100 mm NaCl was mainly caused by increased length growth, while the decrease in total lateral-root length at 200 mm was the consequence of inhibition of lateral root primordia and / or the activation of apical meristems rather than reduced length growth.

scholarly journals Soybean seeds quality under different levels of vigor and fertilizing supplying

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e1119119422
Author(s):  
Simone Morgan Dellagostin ◽  
Vinícius Jardel Szareski ◽  
Ivan Ricardo Carvalho ◽  
Gustavo Henrique Demari ◽  
Michele Renata Revers Meneguzzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Different Levels

The aims to evaluate the soybean seeds quality in response to the vigor level of seeds and the fertilizing distribution system in the sowing row. The experimental design was random blocks organized in factorial scheme, being two growing environments (Passo Fundo – RS and Ernestina – RS) x three vigor levels classified as high, medium and low (90%, 70% and 60% vigor, respectively) x three fertilizing distribution systems (no distribution, conventional and overflow), and the treats disposed in four replicates. The measured characters were thousand seeds mass, germination, accelerated aging, electric conductivity, viability and vigor, shoot and root length, shoot and root dry matter and field emergency. Vigor and physiologic quality of produced seeds are intimately related to characteristic of environment of production and vigor level of used seeds. Elevated physiologic potential are obtained in seeds produced in specifically using seeds with high vigor independent of the fertilizer distribution system.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT IRRIGATION DEPTHS ON RADISH CROPS

Irriga ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTÔNIO EVALDO KLAR ◽  
Fernando Ferrari Putti ◽  
LUÍS ROBERTO ALMEIDA GABRIEL FILHO ◽  
JOSUÉ FERREIRA DA SILVA JUNIOR ◽  
CAMILA PIRES CREMASCO
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Optimal Point ◽  
Similar Performance ◽  
Water Replacement ◽  
Crop Performance ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Management Optimization ◽  
Optimization Efficiency ◽  
Different Levels

THE EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT IRRIGATION DEPTHS ON RADISH CROPS            ANTÔNIO EVALDO KLAR1; FERNANDO FERRARI PUTTI2; LUÍS ROBERTO ALMEIDA GABRIEL FILHO3; JOSUÉ FERREIRA DA SILVA JUNIOR4 E CAMILA PIRES CREMASCO3 ¹ UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Departamento de Engenharia Rural E-mails: [email protected]² UNIFENAS - Univ José do Rosário Vellano, Campus de AlfenasE-mails: [email protected] UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus Experimental de Tupã, Laboratório de Matemática Aplicada e Computacional e Faculdade de Ciências AgronômicasE-mails: gabrielfilho, [email protected] UNIVEF - Centro Universitário de VotuporangaE-mail: [email protected]   1 ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze the performance of the radish crop under different levels of water replacement. The experiment was carried out at the Department of Rural Engineering, College of Agricultural Sciences - UNESP/Botucatu – SP. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five irrigation depths (25%, 50%, 75%, 100% and 125%  Etc) and 10 replicates. A total of two crop cycles were conducted to analyze the crop performance. The following parameters were evaluated: number of leaves;  root,   bulb and above-ground  green phytomass; bulb length and diameter and root length.  Similar performance was observed for both cycles, characterized by a quadratic increase in irrigation depths with an optimal point from 60% to 80% Etc. Keywords: management, optimization, efficiency, evapotranspiration.   KLAR, A. E.; PUTTI, F. F.; GABRIEL FILHO, L. R. A.; SILVA JUNIOR, J. F. da; CREMASCO, C. P.EFEITOS DE DIFERENTES LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO NA CULTURA DO RABANETE  2 RESUMO O objetivo do presente do presente trabalho foi analisar o comportamento da cultura do rabanete submetido em diferentes taxas de reposição hídrica. O experimento foi realizado no Departamento de Engenharia Rural, da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, FCA-UNESP, na cidade de Botucatu – SP, em que adotou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, onde foram adotadas 5 lâminas de irrigação (25%, 50%, 75%, 100% e 125% da ETc) e foram utilizadas 10 repetições. Foram conduzidos 2 ciclos da cultura para constatar o comportamento da cultura. Foram realizadas as avaliações do número de folhas, fitomassa verde da parte aérea, raiz e bulbo, comprimento e diâmetro do bulbo e comprimento de raiz. Pôde-se constatar que foi verificado o comportamento semelhante em ambos os ciclos, sendo que responderam de forma quadrática o aumento das lâminas de irrigação, em que o ponto ótimo obtido foi na faixa de 60% a 80% da ETc. Palavras-chave: manejo, otimização, eficiência, evapotranspiração. 

scholarly journals Spacial distribution of fertigated coffee root system

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Rossi Vicente ◽  
Everardo Chartuni Mantovani ◽  
André Luís Teixeira Fernandes ◽  
Júlio César Lima Neves ◽  
Edmilson Marques Figueredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Root Length Density ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Root Density ◽  
Coffee Plant ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Plant Root System ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACT The development of coffee plant root system changes when subjected to drip irrigation and fertigation. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of different levels of fertigation on the development of coffee root system by drip irrigation in western Bahia. The experiment was carried out with Catuaí Vermelho IAC 144 coffee plants, of about 3.5 years of age, in the “Café do Rio Branco” farm, located in Barreiras - BA, and consisted of a complete randomized blocks design with 3 replicates. Treatments consisted of three levels of nitrogen and potassium fertilization (900/800, 600/500 and 300/250 kg ha-1 year-1 N and K2O), weekly distributed, by means of fertigation, throughout the process. After the fourth harvest, coffee root system was evaluated, and root length density (RLD) and root density (RD) were determined at different sampled layers. The highest root concentration, root length density (RLD), and root density (RD) were observed in the superficial layers of soil (0-20 cm), and under the dripline (30 and 70 cm from the orthotropic branch). Results showed that the lower the N and K2O levels, the higher was the development (RLD and RD) of the coffee root system.

Competition between Two Species of Mites.: II. Factors Influencing Intensity

1963 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Foott
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Inhibitory Factors ◽  
Intensity Of Competition ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractProduction of webbing, greater fecundity, faster rate of development, and greater ability to thrive on foliage injured by feeding enabled populations of T. telarius to suppress those of P. ulmi on peach foliage in a greenhouse and insectary. However, these inhibitory factors were non-operative in an orchard environment in southwestern Ontario.The tendency of the two species to populate different levels of a host plant, and of P. ulmi to utilize the upper surfaces of leaves more than T. telarius, each decreased the intensity of competition. The suppression of P. ulmi in an insectary or greenhouse was delayed but not prevented by the above factors.

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