Hydrotechnical advances in Canadian river ice science and engineering during the past 35 years

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 583-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Beltaos ◽  
B.C. Burrell
Keyword(s):  
International Association ◽  
Ice Formation ◽  
River Ice ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Hydro Power ◽  
The Past ◽  
Canadian Perspective

Greater opportunity now exists compared to 35 years ago for civil engineers to apply river ice knowledge to practical problems of planning, designing, and operating hydro-power facilities, water intakes, bridges, and other infrastructure along ice-covered rivers. This is due to major advancements made during this period in understanding the physical processes of river ice formation, growth and breakup, in developing instrumentation for acquisition of information on winter environments, and in developing numerical modelling tools. An increasing number of journal articles, as well as papers presented at the river ice workshops of the CGU Committee on River Ice Processes and the Environment (CRIPE) and the ice symposia of the International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR) attest to the advancement in river ice science and engineering knowledge that has occurred during the past 35 years. This paper reviews the developments in river ice science and engineering from a Canadian perspective and briefly discusses future directions.

scholarly journals A literature review on the state of pharmacy education in Zambia

2021 ◽  
pp. 826-832
Author(s):  
Usman Abubakar Haruna ◽  
Oladunni Amos Abimbola ◽  
Musa Sulaiman Muhammad ◽  
Knovicks Simfukwe ◽  
Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno III
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
The State ◽  
Pharmacy Education ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Continual Improvement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State

Aim: The aim of this paper is to provide a narrative review of pharmacy education in Zambia, in terms of: overview of the historical development of pharmacy education, the current state of pharmacy education and successes achieved, efforts made to provide pharmacists with the requisite competency and recommendations for future directions. Method: A literature search was conducted in November 2020 on PubMed, Google scholar and Medscape databases, the search was confined to research articles published between 2002 to 2021. Result: A total of 23 journal articles were retrieved, articles that capture reports on the state of pharmacy education in Zambia were reviewed. Conclusion: Pharmacy education has undergone a series of modifications over the past few decades in an effort to fulfil the changing demands of society. For a pharmacy education system to thrive, it must be continually evolving and driven by the needs of society or nation at hand at all times. This involves updating the pharmacist in training with up-to-date skills required of the modern-day pharmacist and research that enables continual improvement of the education system.

Assessing the Effectiveness of Communication in Organisations: The Communication Audit Approach

1993 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Owen D. W. Hargie ◽  
Dennis Tourish
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Communication Performance ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Past ◽  
Systematic Methodology ◽  
Communication Audit ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Audit Approach

Within the past decade there has been an enormous growth of interest in the field of organisational communication. Numerous books, book chapters and journal articles have been devoted to this topic. However, much of this output has been at the level of common sense exhortation, has tended to be anecdotal, or at best has been based upon the personal experience of the authors. Certainly within the UK there has been little hard empirical research into the nature, flow and functions of communication within organisations. This paper proposes the introduction of a much more systematic methodology for the study of such communication, based upon what is known as the ‘communication audit’ approach. This approach is fully explained and the main methods employed in communication audits outlined, together with their relative advantages and disadvantages. It is also pointed out that audits are now widely employed to measure performance in other spheres of the organisation, such as finance, and it is argued that the implementation of this system to measure communication performance is therefore long overdue. The benefits for organisations of carrying out audits are highlighted and suggestions are made about possible future directions for research in this area.

The practice of imagery: a review of 25 Years of applied sport imagery recommendations

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank O. Ely ◽  
Krista J. Munroe-Chandler ◽  
Jenny O ◽  
Penny McCullagh
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Practice Recommendations ◽  
Practical Recommendations ◽  
Over Time

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of the current study was to explore the development of practical imagery recommendations in sport over the past 25 years.MethodsEmpirical journal articles (n=500) were reviewed to identify those that explored imagery in sport, contained original data, and provided practical recommendations for imagery use in applied practice (n=94). Further, a thematic analysis was employed to determine general (i.e., categories of recommendations) and specific (i.e., suggestion for applied practice) recommendations.ResultsSeven distinct general recommendations were found for imagery use in sport with a variety of specific recommendations intended for applied practice. Further, a number of specific recommendations were found repeatedly across time while others increased in complexity over time.ConclusionsThe results of the current study suggest that the literature on applied imagery use in sport is well-developed, however, concerns regarding the adoption of practical recommendations do exist. Future directions for applied imagery researchers are also forwarded.

scholarly journals Cross-Disciplinary Care: A Systematic Review on Teamwork Processes in Health Care

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie V. Dinh ◽  
Allison M. Traylor ◽  
Molly P. Kilcullen ◽  
Joshua A. Perez ◽  
Ethan J. Schweissing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Interpersonal Processes ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Content Areas ◽  
The Past ◽  
Potential Area

As health care delivery moves toward more complex, team-based systems, the topic of medical teamwork has gained considerable attention and study across disciplines. This systematic review integrates empirical research on teamwork and health care to identify broad trends. We identified and coded 1,818 relevant, English, and peer-reviewed journal articles using a teamwork processes rubric. Several themes emerged. The health care teamwork literature has grown substantially over the past 20 years. Approximately half of the studies were descriptive (rather than interventional or psychometric); the majority relied on quantitative methods. Health care teamwork was also studied in thematically distinct manners. Interpersonal processes were most commonly studied across fields. Of all disciplines, medicine focused most on transition processes, whereas those from team science centered more highly on action processes. There were also finer grained disciplinary differences in content areas of communication and collaboration. Interprofessional journals represent a potential area for interdisciplinary efforts. Implications and future directions are discussed.

scholarly journals ChineseGuanxi: An Integrative Review and New Directions for Future Research

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao C. Chen ◽  
Xiao-Ping Chen ◽  
Shengsheng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Antecedents And Consequences ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractIn this article we review research on Chineseguanxiand social networking in the past twenty years and identify the major perspectives, theories, and methodologies used inguanxiresearch at micro and macro levels. We summarize the main findings of over 200 journal articles onguanxiresearch in terms of its conceptual definitions and measurements, its antecedents and consequences, and its dynamics and processes. Furthermore, we identify the gaps between different levels ofguanxiresearch and discuss future directions to advance our understanding of the complex and intricateguanxiphenomenon.

On Future Directions in Pathology

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 274-277
Author(s):  
Benjamin F. Trump ◽  
Irene K. Berezesky ◽  
Raymond T. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Diagnostic Pathology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The Many

The role of electron microscopy and associated techniques is assured in diagnostic pathology. At the present time, most of the progress has been made on tissues examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and correlated with light microscopy (LM) and by cytochemistry using both plastic and paraffin-embedded materials. As mentioned elsewhere in this symposium, this has revolutionized many fields of pathology including diagnostic, anatomic and clinical pathology. It began with the kidney; however, it has now been extended to most other organ systems and to tumor diagnosis in general. The results of the past few years tend to indicate the future directions and needs of this expanding field. Now, in addition to routine EM, pathologists have access to the many newly developed methods and instruments mentioned below which should aid considerably not only in diagnostic pathology but in investigative pathology as well.

International Research and Variation in Views of Ethnicity

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Ella Inglebret ◽  
Amy Skinder-Meredith ◽  
Shana Bailey ◽  
Carla Jones ◽  
Ashley France
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Classification System ◽  
International Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
The Past ◽  
International Scale ◽  
Publication Patterns

The authors in this article first identify the extent to which research articles published in three American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) journals included participants, age birth to 18 years, from international backgrounds (i.e., residence outside of the United States), and go on to describe associated publication patterns over the past 12 years. These patterns then provide a context for examining variation in the conceptualization of ethnicity on an international scale. Further, the authors examine terminology and categories used by 11 countries where research participants resided. Each country uses a unique classification system. Thus, it can be expected that descriptions of the ethnic characteristics of international participants involved in research published in ASHA journal articles will widely vary.

EDITORIAL: Migration and competitiveness: Japan and the United States

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Philip L. Martin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
The Past ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
Past Half

Japan and the United States, the world’s largest economies for most of the past half century, have very different immigration policies. Japan is the G7 economy most closed to immigrants, while the United States is the large economy most open to immigrants. Both Japan and the United States are debating how immigrants are and can con-tribute to the competitiveness of their economies in the 21st centuries. The papers in this special issue review the employment of and impacts of immigrants in some of the key sectors of the Japanese and US economies, including agriculture, health care, science and engineering, and construction and manufacturing. For example, in Japanese agriculture migrant trainees are a fixed cost to farmers during the three years they are in Japan, while US farmers who hire mostly unauthorized migrants hire and lay off workers as needed, making labour a variable cost.

Future Directions in International Science Education

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Science Education ◽  
Engineering Education ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
International Dimension ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
Science And Engineering Education

The international dimension of science and engineering education is of paramount importance and merits serious consideration of the coherent skill set that is required to allow scientists and engineers more readily to transport themselves and their work to other locations in the world. 

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