scholarly journals Increase of NADPH oxidase 3 in heart failure of hereditary cardiomyopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (9) ◽  
pp. 902-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghassan Bkaily ◽  
Wassim Najibeddine ◽  
Danielle Jacques
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Nadph Oxidases ◽  
Hereditary Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Cardiomyopathic Hamsters ◽  
Functional Point

During the development of heart failure in humans and animal models, an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels was observed. However, there is no information whether this increase of ROS is associated with an increase in the density of specific isoforms of NADPH oxidases (NOXs) 1–5. The objective of this study was to verify whether the densities of NOXs 1–5 change during the development of heart failure. Using the well-known model of cardiomyopathic hamsters, the UM-X 7.1 line, a model that strongly resembles the pathology observed in humans from a morphological and functional point of view, our studies showed that, as in humans, NOXs 1–5 are present in both normal and UM-X7.1 hamster hearts. Even though the densities of NOXs 2 and 5 were unchanged, the levels of both NOXs 1 and 4 significantly decreased in UM-X7.1 hamster hearts during heart failure. These changes were accompanied with a significant increase in NOX3 level. These results suggest that, during heart failure, NOX3 plays a vital role in compensating the decrease of NOXs 1 and 4. This increase in NOX3 may also be responsible, at least in part, for the reported increase in ROS levels in heart failure.

scholarly journals NADPH oxidases (version 2019.4) in the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology Database

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Van der Vliet
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Nadph Oxidases ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Biosynthesis ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Nadph Oxidase Complex ◽  
Hormone Biosynthesis

The two DUOX enzymes were originally identified as participating in the production of hydrogen peroxide as a pre-requisite for thyroid hormone biosynthesis in the thyroid gland [6].NOX enzymes function to catalyse the reduction of molecular oxygen to superoxide and various other reactive oxygen species (ROS). They are subunits of the NADPH oxidase complex.

Mitochondrial dysfunction in sepsis

1999 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 149-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mervyn Singer ◽  
David Brealey
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Duration Models ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Vascular Control ◽  
In Vivo Animal Models

The current mainstream view of organ failure induced by sepsis revolves around inflammation and loss of vascular control. However, there has been a resurgence in interest in bioenergetic failure due to mitochondrial dysfunction. This concept is not new--studies date back 30 years; however, the data have been highly conflicting with findings of either decreased, increased or unchanged mitochondrial activity and/or nucleotide levels. These studies are virtually all based on non-human cells, isolated perfused organs or in vivo animal models that have received a variety of insults ranging from mild to severe, and monitored for different durations ranging from minutes to weeks. As a generalization, there does appear to be depression of mitochondrial function with longer-duration models of greater severity. This is confirmed by the scanty human data currently available. This chapter provides an overview, and attempts to relate the biochemical changes to the clinical condition. The potential roles of nitric oxide, intracellular calcium and reactive oxygen species are highlighted.

scholarly journals Dual oxidases

2005 ◽  
Vol 360 (1464) ◽  
pp. 2301-2308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ágnes Donkó ◽  
Zalán Péterfi ◽  
Adrienn Sum ◽  
Thomas Leto ◽  
Miklós Geiszt
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Host Defence ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
Nadph Oxidases ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Hormone Biosynthesis

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have an important role in various physiological processes including host defence, mitogenesis, hormone biosynthesis, apoptosis and fertilization. Currently, the most characterized ROS-producing system operates in phagocytic cells, where ROS generated during phagocytosis act in host defence. Recently, several novel homologues of the phagocytic oxidase have been discovered and this protein family is now designated as the NOX/DUOX family of NADPH oxidases. NOX/DUOX enzymes function in a variety of tissues, including colon, kidney, thyroid gland, testis, salivary glands, airways and lymphoid organs. Importantly, members of the enzyme family are also found in non-mammalian species, including Caenorhabditis elegans and sea urchin. The physiological functions of novel NADPH oxidase enzymes are currently largely unknown. This review focuses on our current knowledge about dual oxidases.

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