scholarly journals Detection of QTL underlying seed quality components in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 881-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masum Akond ◽  
Jiazheng Yuan ◽  
Shiming Liu ◽  
Stella K. Kantartzi ◽  
Khalid Meksem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Amino Acid Contents ◽  
N 93 ◽  
Major Qtl

Improving seed composition and quality, including protein, oil, fatty acid, and amino acid contents, is an important goal of soybean farmers and breeders. The aim of this study was to map the quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying the contents of protein, oil, fatty acids, and amino acids with 1510 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers using the ‘Hamilton’ × ‘Spencer’ recombinant inbred line population (H × S; n = 93). A total of 13 QTL for the traits studied have been mapped on 3 chromosomes (Chr.) of the soybean genome. Three major QTL have been mapped to a 7–13 cM region on Chr. 6. One major QTL for oil content (qOIL001) explained approximately 76% of the total phenotypic variation in this population; the second major QTL for amino acid alanine (Ala; qALA001) explained approximately 74% of the total variation in Ala content; moreover, two major QTL for palmitic acid (qPAL001 and qPAL002) were identified on Chr. 6 and explained approximately 21% of the phenotypic variation in this population. The SNP markers flanking the QTL identified here will be very useful for soybean breeders to develop and select soybean lines with higher seed composition qualities using marker-assisted selection.

scholarly journals Identification of Main-Effect and Environmental Interaction QTL and Their Candidate Genes for Drought Tolerance in a Wheat RIL Population Between Two Elite Spring Cultivars

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Hisam Al Rabbi ◽  
Ajay Kumar ◽  
Sepehr Mohajeri Naraghi ◽  
Suraj Sapkota ◽  
Mohammed S. Alamri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Expression Variability ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Ril Population ◽  
Major Qtl

Understanding the genetics of drought tolerance can expedite the development of drought-tolerant cultivars in wheat. In this study, we dissected the genetics of drought tolerance in spring wheat using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between a drought-tolerant cultivar, ‘Reeder’ (PI613586), and a high-yielding but drought-susceptible cultivar, ‘Albany.’ The RIL population was evaluated for grain yield (YLD), grain volume weight (GVW), thousand kernel weight (TKW), plant height (PH), and days to heading (DH) at nine different environments. The Infinium 90 k-based high-density genetic map was generated using 10,657 polymorphic SNP markers representing 2,057 unique loci. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis detected a total of 11 consistent QTL for drought tolerance-related traits. Of these, six QTL were exclusively identified in drought-prone environments, and five were constitutive QTL (identified under both drought and normal conditions). One major QTL on chromosome 7B was identified exclusively under drought environments and explained 13.6% of the phenotypic variation (PV) for YLD. Two other major QTL were detected, one each on chromosomes 7B and 2B under drought-prone environments, and explained 14.86 and 13.94% of phenotypic variation for GVW and YLD, respectively. One novel QTL for drought tolerance was identified on chromosome 2D. In silico expression analysis of candidate genes underlaying the exclusive QTLs associated with drought stress identified the enrichment of ribosomal and chloroplast photosynthesis-associated proteins showing the most expression variability, thus possibly contributing to stress response by modulating the glycosyltransferase (TraesCS6A01G116400) and hexosyltransferase (TraesCS7B01G013300) unique genes present in QTL 21 and 24, respectively. While both parents contributed favorable alleles to these QTL, unexpectedly, the high-yielding and less drought-tolerant parent contributed desirable alleles for drought tolerance at four out of six loci. Regardless of the origin, all QTL with significant drought tolerance could assist significantly in the development of drought-tolerant wheat cultivars, using genomics-assisted breeding approaches.

scholarly journals Optimization of soybean carbohydrate profiles and profit potential using variable planting dates and genetic backgrounds

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jacob T. Young
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Main Plot

Information on management practices that can improve crop value can be useful for producers aiming to maximize farm profits. Differing planting dates alter the environment in which a crop is grown, and have previously been shown to significantly affect seed yield, composition, and quality. Providing soybean meal high in sucrose and low in the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) is necessary for improving digestibility and feed efficiency in monogastric animals, and for increasing profitability for farmers by providing soybean varieties with value-added traits. In this study, the effects of planting date on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed composition and several agronomic traits were investigated using ten specialty genotypes with modified carbohydrate profiles due to known gene mutations, and with ten check varieties. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design, with planting date as the main plot, and genotype as the subplot, performed in 2015 and 2016 at three locations each year in Missouri, each with three planting dates. Planting dates were chosen to simulate early, full season, and double-crop conditions. The environment had a significant effect on all traits measured, except protein. Planting date had a significant effect on all agronomic traits except lodging and seed weight, and all seed composition traits measured except RFOs. RFO concentrations were shown to be more stable when compared to sucrose concentrations. Early plantings showed increased yield and oil and late plantings showed increased sucrose and higher seed quality. Higher temperatures were shown to be associated with higher oil and RFO concentrations, while cooler temperatures were associated with higher sucrose concentrations. This research shows that a late planting or 31 double-cropping production system will provide the most optimum concentrations of high sucrose, low RFO soybeans compared to earlier planting dates.

scholarly journals Effects of type I Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase (DGAT1) genes on soybean (Glycine max L.) seed composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepideh Torabi ◽  
Arjun Sukumaran ◽  
Sangeeta Dhaubhadel ◽  
Sarah E. Johnson ◽  
Peter LaFayette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Type I ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Storage Lipids ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Seed Protein Concentration ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
G 11

AbstractType I Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT1) catalyzes the final step of the biosynthesis process of triacylglycerol (TAG), the major storage lipids in plant seeds, through the esterification of diacylglycerol (DAG). To characterize the function of DGAT1 genes on the accumulation of oil and other seed composition traits in soybean, transgenic lines were generated via trans-acting siRNA technology, in which three DGAT1 genes (Glyma.13G106100, Glyma.09G065300, and Glyma.17G053300) were downregulated. The simultaneous downregulation of the three isoforms in transgenic lines was found to be associated with the reduction of seed oil concentrations by up to 18 mg/g (8.3%), which was correlated with increases in seed protein concentration up to 42 mg/g (11%). Additionally, the downregulations also influenced the fatty acid compositions in the seeds of transgenic lines through increasing the level of oleic acid, up to 121 mg/g (47.3%). The results of this study illustrate the importance of DGAT1 genes in determining the seed compositions in soybean through the development of new potential technology for manipulating seed quality in soybean to meet the demands for its various food and industrial applications.

The effect of steaming on the free amino acid contents and antioxidant activity of ginseng

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
EJ Cho ◽  
XL Piao ◽  
MH Jang ◽  
SY Park ◽  
SW Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Contents

QTL Mapping and Analysis Based on Embryo and Maternal Genetic Systems for Semi-Essential Amino Acid Contents in Rapeseed (Brassica napusL.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Juan WEN ◽  
Jian-Feng XU ◽  
Yan LONG ◽  
Hai-Ming XU ◽  
Jin-Ling MENG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Qtl Mapping ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Genetic Systems ◽  
Amino Acid Contents

scholarly journals Effects of Electrical Stimulation on the Peptide and Free Amino Acid Contents of Beef Homogenate and Sarcoplasma during Storage

1994 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 1034-1043
Author(s):  
Masayuki MIKAMI ◽  
Mari NAGAO ◽  
Mitsuo SEKIKAWA ◽  
Hiroyuki MIURA ◽  
Yasuhisa HONGO
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Contents

scholarly journals Combining QTL-seq and linkage mapping to fine map a candidate gene in qCTS6 for cold tolerance at the seedling stage in rice

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luomiao Yang ◽  
Jingguo Wang ◽  
Zhenghong Han ◽  
Lei Lei ◽  
Hua Long Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Tolerance ◽  
Regulatory Gene ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Major Qtl

Abstract Background Cold stress caused by low temperatures is an important factor restricting rice production. Identification of cold-tolerance genes that can stably express in cold environments is crucial for molecular rice breeding. Results In this study, we employed high-throughput quantitative trait locus sequencing (QTL-seq) analyses in a 460-individual F2:3 mapping population to identify major QTL genomic regions governing cold tolerance at the seedling stage in rice. A novel major QTL (qCTS6) controlling the survival rate (SR) under low-temperature conditions of 9°C/10 days was mapped on the 2.60-Mb interval on chromosome 6. Twenty-seven single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were designed for the qCST6 region based on re-sequencing data, and local QTL mapping was conducted using traditional linkage analysis. Eventually, we mapped qCTS6 to a 96.6-kb region containing 13 annotated genes, of which seven predicted genes contained 13 non-synonymous SNP loci. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis revealed that only Os06g0719500, an OsbZIP54 transcription factor, was strongly induced by cold stress. Haplotype analysis confirmed that +376 bp (T>A) in the OsbZIP54 coding region played a key role in regulating cold tolerance in rice. Conclusion We identified OsbZIP54 as a novel regulatory gene associated with rice cold-responsive traits, with its Dongfu-104 allele showing specific cold-induction expression serving as an important molecular variation for rice improvement. This result is expected to further exploration of the genetic mechanism of rice cold tolerance at the seedling stage and improve cold tolerance in rice varieties by marker-assisted selection.

scholarly journals Heteroalleles in Common Wheat: Multiple Differences between Allelic Variants of the Gli-B1 Locus

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1832
Author(s):  
Eugene Metakovsky ◽  
Laura Pascual ◽  
Patrizia Vaccino ◽  
Viktor Melnik ◽  
Marta Rodriguez-Quijano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Wheat ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Allelic Variants ◽  
B Genome

The Gli-B1-encoded γ-gliadins and non-coding γ-gliadin DNA sequences for 15 different alleles of common wheat have been compared using seven tests: electrophoretic mobility (EM) and molecular weight (MW) of the encoded major γ-gliadin, restriction fragment length polymorphism patterns (RFLPs) (three different markers), Gli-B1-γ-gliadin-pseudogene known SNP markers (Single nucleotide polymorphisms) and sequencing the pseudogene GAG56B. It was discovered that encoded γ-gliadins, with contrasting EM, had similar MWs. However, seven allelic variants (designated from I to VII) differed among them in the other six tests: I (alleles Gli-B1i, k, m, o), II (Gli-B1n, q, s), III (Gli-B1b), IV (Gli-B1e, f, g), V (Gli-B1h), VI (Gli-B1d) and VII (Gli-B1a). Allele Gli-B1c (variant VIII) was identical to the alleles from group IV in four of the tests. Some tests might show a fine difference between alleles belonging to the same variant. Our results attest in favor of the independent origin of at least seven variants at the Gli-B1 locus that might originate from deeply diverged genotypes of the donor(s) of the B genome in hexaploid wheat and therefore might be called “heteroallelic”. The donor’s particularities at the Gli-B1 locus might be conserved since that time and decisively contribute to the current high genetic diversity of common wheat.

Engineering two mutants of cDNA-encoding G2 subunit of soybean glycinin capable of self-assembly in vitro and rich in methionine

Biologia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reda Sammour
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Methionine Residues

AbstractThe main goal of this work was to make the cDNA-encoding subunit G2 of soybean glycinin, capable of self-assembly in vitro and rich in methionine residues. Two mutants (pSP65/G4SacG2 and pSP65/G4SacG2HG4) were therefore constructed. The constructed mutants were successfully assembled in vitro into oligomers similar to those occurred in the seed. The successful self-assembly was due to the introduction of Sac fragment of Gy4 (the codons of the first 21 amino acid residues), which reported to be the key element in self-assembly into trimers. The mutant pSP65/G4SacG2HG4 included the acidic chain of Gy4 (HG4), which was previously molecularly modified to have three methionine residues. This mutant will be useful in the efforts to improve the seed quality.

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