scholarly journals Effects of type I Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase (DGAT1) genes on soybean (Glycine max L.) seed composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sepideh Torabi ◽  
Arjun Sukumaran ◽  
Sangeeta Dhaubhadel ◽  
Sarah E. Johnson ◽  
Peter LaFayette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Type I ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Storage Lipids ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Seed Protein Concentration ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
G 11

AbstractType I Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT1) catalyzes the final step of the biosynthesis process of triacylglycerol (TAG), the major storage lipids in plant seeds, through the esterification of diacylglycerol (DAG). To characterize the function of DGAT1 genes on the accumulation of oil and other seed composition traits in soybean, transgenic lines were generated via trans-acting siRNA technology, in which three DGAT1 genes (Glyma.13G106100, Glyma.09G065300, and Glyma.17G053300) were downregulated. The simultaneous downregulation of the three isoforms in transgenic lines was found to be associated with the reduction of seed oil concentrations by up to 18 mg/g (8.3%), which was correlated with increases in seed protein concentration up to 42 mg/g (11%). Additionally, the downregulations also influenced the fatty acid compositions in the seeds of transgenic lines through increasing the level of oleic acid, up to 121 mg/g (47.3%). The results of this study illustrate the importance of DGAT1 genes in determining the seed compositions in soybean through the development of new potential technology for manipulating seed quality in soybean to meet the demands for its various food and industrial applications.

scholarly journals Detection of QTL underlying seed quality components in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 881-888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masum Akond ◽  
Jiazheng Yuan ◽  
Shiming Liu ◽  
Stella K. Kantartzi ◽  
Khalid Meksem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Phenotypic Variation ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Amino Acid Contents ◽  
N 93 ◽  
Major Qtl

Improving seed composition and quality, including protein, oil, fatty acid, and amino acid contents, is an important goal of soybean farmers and breeders. The aim of this study was to map the quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying the contents of protein, oil, fatty acids, and amino acids with 1510 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers using the ‘Hamilton’ × ‘Spencer’ recombinant inbred line population (H × S; n = 93). A total of 13 QTL for the traits studied have been mapped on 3 chromosomes (Chr.) of the soybean genome. Three major QTL have been mapped to a 7–13 cM region on Chr. 6. One major QTL for oil content (qOIL001) explained approximately 76% of the total phenotypic variation in this population; the second major QTL for amino acid alanine (Ala; qALA001) explained approximately 74% of the total variation in Ala content; moreover, two major QTL for palmitic acid (qPAL001 and qPAL002) were identified on Chr. 6 and explained approximately 21% of the phenotypic variation in this population. The SNP markers flanking the QTL identified here will be very useful for soybean breeders to develop and select soybean lines with higher seed composition qualities using marker-assisted selection.

scholarly journals Optimization of soybean carbohydrate profiles and profit potential using variable planting dates and genetic backgrounds

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jacob T. Young
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Main Plot

Information on management practices that can improve crop value can be useful for producers aiming to maximize farm profits. Differing planting dates alter the environment in which a crop is grown, and have previously been shown to significantly affect seed yield, composition, and quality. Providing soybean meal high in sucrose and low in the raffinose family of oligosaccharides (RFOs) is necessary for improving digestibility and feed efficiency in monogastric animals, and for increasing profitability for farmers by providing soybean varieties with value-added traits. In this study, the effects of planting date on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed composition and several agronomic traits were investigated using ten specialty genotypes with modified carbohydrate profiles due to known gene mutations, and with ten check varieties. The experiment was arranged in a split-plot design, with planting date as the main plot, and genotype as the subplot, performed in 2015 and 2016 at three locations each year in Missouri, each with three planting dates. Planting dates were chosen to simulate early, full season, and double-crop conditions. The environment had a significant effect on all traits measured, except protein. Planting date had a significant effect on all agronomic traits except lodging and seed weight, and all seed composition traits measured except RFOs. RFO concentrations were shown to be more stable when compared to sucrose concentrations. Early plantings showed increased yield and oil and late plantings showed increased sucrose and higher seed quality. Higher temperatures were shown to be associated with higher oil and RFO concentrations, while cooler temperatures were associated with higher sucrose concentrations. This research shows that a late planting or 31 double-cropping production system will provide the most optimum concentrations of high sucrose, low RFO soybeans compared to earlier planting dates.

scholarly journals Selection of GmSWEET39 for oil and protein improvement in soybean

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e1009114
Author(s):  
Hengyou Zhang ◽  
Wolfgang Goettel ◽  
Qijian Song ◽  
He Jiang ◽  
Zhenbin Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Soybean Protein ◽  
Wild Soybean ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Pleiotropic Effect ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Protein Accumulation

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] was domesticated from wild soybean (G. soja Sieb. and Zucc.) and has been further improved as a dual-use seed crop to provide highly valuable oil and protein for food, feed, and industrial applications. However, the underlying genetic and molecular basis remains less understood. Having combined high-confidence bi-parental linkage mapping with high-resolution association analysis based on 631 whole sequenced genomes, we mapped major soybean protein and oil QTLs on chromosome15 to a sugar transporter gene (GmSWEET39). A two-nucleotide CC deletion truncating C-terminus of GmSWEET39 was strongly associated with high seed oil and low seed protein, suggesting its pleiotropic effect on protein and oil content. GmSWEET39 was predominantly expressed in parenchyma and integument of the seed coat, and likely regulates oil and protein accumulation by affecting sugar delivery from maternal seed coat to the filial embryo. We demonstrated that GmSWEET39 has a dual function for both oil and protein improvement and undergoes two different paths of artificial selection. A CC deletion (CC-) haplotype H1 has been intensively selected during domestication and extensively used in soybean improvement worldwide. H1 is fixed in North American soybean cultivars. The protein-favored (CC+) haplotype H3 still undergoes ongoing selection, reflecting its sustainable role for soybean protein improvement. The comprehensive knowledge on the molecular basis underlying the major QTL and GmSWEET39 haplotypes associated with soybean improvement would be valuable to design new strategies for soybean seed quality improvement using molecular breeding and biotechnological approaches.

OAC Bruton soybean

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1389-1391
Author(s):  
S. Torabi ◽  
B.T. Stirling ◽  
J. Kobler ◽  
M. Eskandari
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Seed Protein ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Seed Protein Concentration ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
High Yield Potential

OAC Bruton is an indeterminate large-seeded food-grade soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] cultivar with high yield potential, high seed protein concentration, and resistance to soybean cyst nematode (SCN). OAC Bruton is developed and recommended for soybean growing areas in southwestern Ontario with 2950 or greater crop heat units. OAC Bruton is classified as a maturity group 1 (MG1) cultivar with a relative maturity of 1.8.

Beta-MHC and SMLC1 transgene induction in overloaded skeletal muscle of transgenic mice

1996 ◽  
Vol 270 (4) ◽  
pp. C1111-C1121 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Wiedenman ◽  
I. Rivera-Rivera ◽  
D. Vyas ◽  
G. Tsika ◽  
L. Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Troponin C ◽  
Type I ◽  
Initial Attempt ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Slow Type ◽  
Transgenic Lines ◽  
Fast Twitch Muscle ◽  
Mechanical Overload

The hypertrophic responses of white fast-twitch muscle to mechanical overload has been investigated using transgenic mice. After 7 wk of overload, endogenous beta-myosin heavy chain (MHC) and slow myosin light chain 1 and 2 (SMLC1, SMLC2) protein were increased in the overloaded plantaris (OP) muscle compared with sham-operated control plantaris (CP)muscle. Concurrently, the levels of endogenous beta-MHC, SMLC1, SMLC2, and cardiac/slow troponin C (CTnC) mRNA transcripts were significantly increased in OP muscles, whereas skeletal troponin C (sTnC) mRNA transcript levels decreased. As an initial attempt to locate DNA sequence(s) that governs beta-MHC induction in response to mechanical overload, multiple independent transgenic lines harboring four different human beta-MHC transgenes (beta 1286, beta 988, beta 450, beta 141) were generated. Except for transgene beta 141, muscle-specific expression and induction (3- to 22-fold) in OP muscles were observed by measuring chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity (CAT assay). Induction of a SMLC1 transgene (3920SMLC1) in OP muscles was also observed. Collectively, these in vivo data provide evidence that 1) a mechanical overload inducible element(s) is located between nucleotides -450 and +120 of the human beta-MHC transgene, 2) 3,900 bp of 5' sequence is sufficient to confer mechanical overload induction of a SMLC1 transgene, and 3) the increased expression of slow/type I isomyosin (beta-MHC, SMLC1, SMLC2) in response to mechanical overload is regulated, in part, transcriptionally.

scholarly journals Brazilian soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr. cultivars adapted to low latitude regions: seed composition and content of bioactive proteins

2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilka M. Vasconcelos ◽  
Claudio C. Campello ◽  
José Tadeu A. Oliveira ◽  
Ana F. Urano Carvalho ◽  
Daniele O. Bezerra de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seed Composition ◽  
Low Latitude ◽  
Bioactive Proteins ◽  
Glycine Max L

scholarly journals Induction of resistance and chemical management of mildew and Asian rust in soybean cultivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-290
Author(s):  
Daniel Claudio Grigolo ◽  
Jean Carlo Possenti ◽  
Marcieli Da Silva ◽  
Sergio Miguel Mazaro ◽  
Karina Guollo
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Soybean Rust ◽  
Soybean Seeds ◽  
Chemical Management ◽  
Lost Productivity ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Induction Of Resistance

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is one of the most cultivated in Brazil and has lost productivity due to the attack of disease pests. Thus, it is necessary to develop new technologies capable of reducing damages caused by such biological agents. The aim of this work was to evaluate whether the chemical management of ‘eyespot’ and the induction of resistance through the use of phosphites and acibenzolar-s-methyl (ASM), in association with commercial fungicides, affect the quality of soybean seeds. The study was conducted in the field, during two consecutive harvests in Dois Vizinhos, Paraná, Brazil, and a randomized blocks experimental designs was used. The response-variables evaluated were yield components, disease severity through specific diagrammatic scales, and seed quality attributes. The use of phosphite and ASM, with and without the combination of fungicides Glifosato, Azoxistrobina + Benzovindiflupir, Azoxistrobina + Ciproconazol and Picoxistrobina + Ciproconazol did not reduce the severity of the mildew and asian soybean rust. The use of combinations of different fungicides was sufficient to mitigate the severity effects of the mildew and asian rust on soybean crop.

scholarly journals Organic fertilizers improve the growth, seed quality and yield of newly released soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) varieties in the tropics

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-170
Author(s):  
Tobechi Onyenali ◽  
Victor Olowe ◽  
Thomas Fabunmi ◽  
Adeniyi Soretire
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
The Tropics

Changes of enzymes activities in botanical treated aged seed of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) cv. CO 3 seeds

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hridya V. Rejeendran ◽  
S. Lakshmi ◽  
S. Ambika
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Fenugreek Seed ◽  
Aged Seed ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Field Emergence ◽  
Nano Size ◽  
Aged Seeds

Changes occurring in seed during aging are very significant for determining seed quality, i.e. seed longevity. An experiment was conducted in Department of Seed Science and Technology, TNAU, Coimbatore to standardize suitable seed dry dressing treatments, using near nano size botanicals that can alleviate the deleterious effect of accelerated ageing and to improve the enzyme activities of soybean aged seeds. Five days aged seeds were treated with 1 h ball milled fenugreek seed powder, leaf powders of ashwagandha, tea and noni @ 2 g kg-1 with 60 min. shaking and evaluated for enzyme activities and field emergence (naturally and artificially aged seeds). Among the treatments seeds treated with fenugreek seed powder has the highest dehydrogenase activity (OD 10 min-1), protein (%), oil content (%), catalase activity, peroxidase activity (OD 10 min-1) (µg H2O2 mg-1min-1) with minimum values of electrical conductivity (dSm-1), free fatty acid (%), lipid peroxidation (OD value), lipoxygenase activity (g mol s-1 mg-1). Field emergence (%) was also higher in fenugreek seed powder treated seeds (2 g kg-1 with 60 min).

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