Science for Canada’s Fisheries Rehabilitation Needs

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1822-1857 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Loftus
Keyword(s):  
Fish Communities ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Sea Ranching ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Rehabilitation Needs

A brief, generalized review of the current status of salmonid fisheries on the west and east coasts, and of selected representative waters in the freshwater area is presented. It is concluded that many fish communities and/or fish stocks are depressed, collapsed, or extinct as a result of severe stresses imposed directly, or indirectly, by man’s activities. Rehabilitation of fish stocks and fish communities to levels approximating those of early years, and to levels capable of supporting more stable yields to meet growing client requirements appears practical. The need for explicit policy decisions with regard to sea ranching and rehabilitation as options for approaches to increasing fish abundance is stressed. Rehabilitation of stocks and communities will require additional science in areas such as hatching, rearing and selective breeding, fisheries engineering, and in the more precise definition of natural productive capacity of waters. Effective fisheries rehabilitation programs, and fisheries management generally, require: development of fisheries information systems; an adaptive or experimental approach; more social and economic data; synthesis and communication of science available; and fundamental reconsideration of the traditional institutional arrangements for fisheries work. Some important fisheries rehabilitation programs, carefully planned and assessed, can proceed immediately with confidence in their success; others must await improvement in water quality.

CONSUMER CREDIT: THEORY AND PRACTICE

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Shavkat Abdullayev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Credit ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Consumer Lending ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The article discusses the theoretical foundations, current status and ways of improving consumer lending in Uzbekistan. It were studied the views of foreign and domestic scientists on the definition of consumer credit. There are analyzed the disadvantages of consumer credits and are proposed ways to improve them

scholarly journals REVIEW OF DESIGN HEURISTICS AND DESIGN PRINCIPLES IN DESIGN FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2571-2580
Author(s):  
Filip Valjak ◽  
Angelica Lindwall
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Design For Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Design Heuristics ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Support Methods

AbstractThe advent of additive manufacturing (AM) in recent years have had a significant impact on the design process. Because of new manufacturing technology, a new area of research emerged – Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) with newly developed design support methods and tools. This paper looks into the current status of the field regarding the conceptual design of AM products, with the focus on how literature sources treat design heuristics and design principles in the context of DfAM. To answer the research question, a systematic literature review was conducted. The results are analysed, compared and discussed on three main points: the definition of the design heuristics and the design principles, level of support they provide, as well as where and how they are used inside the design process. The paper highlights the similarities and differences between design heuristics and design principles in the context of DfAM.

scholarly journals Indicators of AEI Applied to the Delaware Estuary

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 169-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence W. Barnthouse ◽  
Douglas G. Heimbuch ◽  
Vaughn C. Anthony ◽  
Ray W. Hilborn ◽  
Ransom A. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Fish Populations ◽  
Weight Of Evidence ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Delaware Estuary ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Trends Analysis ◽  
Definition Of

We evaluated the impacts of entrainment and impingement at the Salem Generating Station on fish populations and communities in the Delaware Estuary. In the absence of an agreed-upon regulatory definition of “adverse environmental impact” (AEI), we developed three independent benchmarks of AEI based on observed or predicted changes that could threaten the sustainability of a population or the integrity of a community.Our benchmarks of AEI included: (1) disruption of the balanced indigenous community of fish in the vicinity of Salem (the “BIC” analysis); (2) a continued downward trend in the abundance of one or more susceptible fish species (the “Trends” analysis); and (3) occurrence of entrainment/impingement mortality sufficient, in combination with fishing mortality, to jeopardize the future sustainability of one or more populations (the “Stock Jeopardy” analysis).The BIC analysis utilized nearly 30 years of species presence/absence data collected in the immediate vicinity of Salem. The Trends analysis examined three independent data sets that document trends in the abundance of juvenile fish throughout the estuary over the past 20 years. The Stock Jeopardy analysis used two different assessment models to quantify potential long-term impacts of entrainment and impingement on susceptible fish populations. For one of these models, the compensatory capacities of the modeled species were quantified through meta-analysis of spawner-recruit data available for several hundred fish stocks.All three analyses indicated that the fish populations and communities of the Delaware Estuary are healthy and show no evidence of an adverse impact due to Salem. Although the specific models and analyses used at Salem are not applicable to every facility, we believe that a weight of evidence approach that evaluates multiple benchmarks of AEI using both retrospective and predictive methods is the best approach for assessing entrainment and impingement impacts at existing facilities.

scholarly journals Molecular Targets for Gastric Cancer Treatment and Future Perspectives from a Clinical and Translational Point of View

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5216
Author(s):  
Justus Körfer ◽  
Florian Lordick ◽  
Ulrich T. Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Gastroesophageal Junction ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Metastatic Gastric Cancer ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Definition Of

Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Systemic treatment comprising chemotherapy and targeted therapy is the standard of care in advanced/metastatic gastric cancer. Comprehensive molecular characterization of gastric adenocarcinomas by the TCGA Consortium and ACRG has resulted in the definition of distinct molecular subtypes. These efforts have in parallel built a basis for the development of novel molecularly stratified treatment approaches. Based on this molecular characterization, an increasing number of specific genomic alterations can potentially serve as treatment targets. Consequently, the development of promising compounds is ongoing. In this review, key molecular alterations in gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers will be addressed. Finally, the current status of the translation of targeted therapy towards clinical applications will be reviewed.

scholarly journals North Sea cod recovery?

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 961-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Horwood ◽  
Carl O'Brien ◽  
Chris Darby
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Gadus Morhua ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Fishing Mortality ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Stock Assessments ◽  
Low Levels

AbstractRecovery of depleted marine, demersal, commercial fish stocks has proved elusive worldwide. As yet, just a few shared or highly migratory stocks have been restored. Here we review the current status of the depleted North Sea cod (Gadus morhua), the scientific advice to managers, and the recovery measures in place. Monitoring the progress of North Sea cod recovery is now hampered by considerable uncertainties in stock assessments associated with low stock size, variable survey indices, and inaccurate catch data. In addition, questions arise as to whether recovery targets are achievable in a changing natural environment. We show that current targets are achievable with fishing mortality rates that are compatible with international agreements even if recruitment levels remain at the current low levels. Furthermore, recent collations of data on international fishing effort have allowed estimation of the cuts in fishing mortality achieved by restrictions on North Sea effort. By the beginning of 2005, these restrictions are estimated to have reduced fishing mortality rates by about 37%. This is insufficient to ensure recovery of North Sea cod within the next decade.

scholarly journals The Management of Iron Chelation Therapy: Preliminary Data from a National Registry of Thalassaemic Patients

Anemia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Ceci ◽  
Laura Mangiarini ◽  
Mariagrazia Felisi ◽  
Franco Bartoloni ◽  
Angela Ciancio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Iron Chelation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
National Registry ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Definition Of

Thalassaemia and other haemoglobinopathies constitute an important health problem in Mediterranean countries, placing a tremendous emotional, psychological, and economic burden on their National Health systems. The development of new chelators in the most recent years had a major impact on the treatment of thalassaemia and on the quality of life of thalassaemic patients. A new initiative was promoted by the Italian Ministry of Health, establishing a Registry for thalassaemic patients to serve as a tool for the development of cost-effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches and for the definition of guidelines supporting the most appropriate management of the iron-chelating therapy and a correct use of the available iron-chelating agents. This study represents the analysis of the preliminary data collected for the evaluation of current status of the iron chelation practice in the Italian thalassaemic population and describes how therapeutic interventions can widely differ in the different patients' age groups.

The Conundrum of the Stock Concept—Are Nature and Nurture Definable in Fishery Science?

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 1479-1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry E. Booke
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Species Group ◽  
General Definition ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Fishery Science ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium ◽  
Nature And Nurture ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Over Time

The definition of the word stock, as applied in fishery science, is presented in general and in precise forms. The general definition is a species group, or population, of fish that maintains and sustains itself over time in a definable area. In a more precise manner, stock (genotypic) is defined as a population of fish maintaining and sustaining Castle–Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. If a genetic basis is not available for stock characterization, then a phenotypic stock definition has to be recognized as a population of fish maintaining characteristics which are expressed in one or more ways, depending on the type or nature of environment of domicile.Key words: fish stocks, definition

The NASA Mass Change Designated Observable Study: Progress and Future Plans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wiese ◽  
Bernard Bienstock ◽  
David Bearden ◽  
Carmen Boening ◽  
Kelley Case ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Earth Science ◽  
Mass Change ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Line Pair ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
Study Progress ◽  
Study Process ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Future Plans

<p>The 2017-2027 US National Academy of Sciences Decadal Survey for Earth Science and Applications from Space classified mass change as one of five designated observables having the highest priority in terms of Earth observations required to better understand the Earth system over the next decade.  In response to this designation, NASA initiated multi-center studies with an overarching goal of defining observing system architectures for each designated observable.  Here, we discuss the progress made and future plans for the Mass Change Designated Observable study. Progress includes the development of a Science and Applications Traceability Matrix (SATM), the definition of three different architectural classes that are responsive to the designated science objectives, and a framework to quantitatively link the performance of specific architectures to the SATM.  We will describe the Value Framework that has been developed to assess the value of potential architectures in terms of science return, cost, risk, and technical maturity.  Results highlight the recommendation of satellite-satellite-tracking for the MC observing system, and have identified high value variants as a single in-line pair, dual in-line pairs, and pendulum architectures, which are similar to architectures studied by potential international partners.  The current status of the study process, and future plans will be discussed.</p>

Predicting Turning Points and Recessions

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don Harding ◽  
Adrian Pagan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter argues that the problems in predicting recessions stem from the nature of the definition of a recession. Much of the literature that claims success does not predict recessions as such. Rather it focuses on either whether one can predict growth in economic activity or whether one can identify the current status of the economy—what is often referred to as “nowcasting” rather than forecasting. The chapter reviews the literature on predicting recessions. The review leads to the conclusion that there are good reasons it is extremely difficult to predict recessions. Understanding these leads to an appreciation of the barriers to be faced in the task, and also suggests that many of the claims made about how the forecasting record can be improved should be treated with skepticism.

scholarly journals Migraine and Diet

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Gazerani
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Ketogenic Diets ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Future Work

Migraine is characterized by recurrent attacks of disabling headaches, often accompanied by sensory and motor disturbances. Clinical manifestations of migraine are influenced by dietary behaviors and dietary elements. Several dietary triggers for migraine have been identified, leading to the definition of strategies such as elimination diets, ketogenic diets, and comprehensive diets, mainly to help prevent migraine. Although inconsistency is present in the literature and no consensus exists, the available data are promising in supporting beneficial dietary interventions for some migraine patients. Several factors influence the net outcome, including age, sex, genetics, and environmental factors. Advancement in understanding the underlying mechanisms of migraine pathogenesis and how dietary factors can interfere with those mechanisms has encouraged investigators to consider diet as a disease-modifying agent, which may also interfere with the gut–brain axis or the epigenetics of migraine. Future work holds potential for phenotyping migraine patients and offering personalized recommendations in line with biopsychosocial models for the management of migraine. Diet, as an important element of lifestyle, is a modifiable aspect that needs further attention. Well-designed, systematic, and mechanism-driven dietary research is needed to provide evidence-based dietary recommendations specific to migraine. This narrative review aims to present the current status and future perspective on diet and migraine, in order to stimulate further research and awareness.

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