The NASA Mass Change Designated Observable Study: Progress and Future Plans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wiese ◽  
Bernard Bienstock ◽  
David Bearden ◽  
Carmen Boening ◽  
Kelley Case ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Earth Science ◽  
Mass Change ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Line Pair ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
Study Progress ◽  
Study Process ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Future Plans

<p>The 2017-2027 US National Academy of Sciences Decadal Survey for Earth Science and Applications from Space classified mass change as one of five designated observables having the highest priority in terms of Earth observations required to better understand the Earth system over the next decade.  In response to this designation, NASA initiated multi-center studies with an overarching goal of defining observing system architectures for each designated observable.  Here, we discuss the progress made and future plans for the Mass Change Designated Observable study. Progress includes the development of a Science and Applications Traceability Matrix (SATM), the definition of three different architectural classes that are responsive to the designated science objectives, and a framework to quantitatively link the performance of specific architectures to the SATM.  We will describe the Value Framework that has been developed to assess the value of potential architectures in terms of science return, cost, risk, and technical maturity.  Results highlight the recommendation of satellite-satellite-tracking for the MC observing system, and have identified high value variants as a single in-line pair, dual in-line pairs, and pendulum architectures, which are similar to architectures studied by potential international partners.  The current status of the study process, and future plans will be discussed.</p>

The NASA Mass Change Designated Observable Study Team

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wiese ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Earth Science ◽  
Mass Change ◽  
Current Status ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
Study Team ◽  
Study Process ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Traceability Matrix ◽  
Future Plans

<p>The 2017-2027 US National Academy of Sciences Decadal Survey for Earth Science and Applications from Space classified mass change as one of five designated observables having the highest priority in terms of Earth observations required to better understand the Earth system over the next decade.  In response to this designation, NASA initiated multi-center studies with an overarching goal of defining observing system architectures for each designated observable.  Here, we discuss the progress made and future plans for the Mass Change Designated Observable study. Progress includes the development of a Science and Applications Traceability Matrix (SATM), the definition of three different architectural classes that have potential to be responsive to the designated science objectives, and a framework to quantitatively link the performance of specific architectures to the SATM.  We will describe a Value Framework that has been developed to assess the value of each architecture in terms of science return, cost, schedule, and technical maturity.  Results assessing the value of 50+ architecture variants will be shown and discussed. Finally, the current status of the study process, and future plans will be discussed.</p>

The NASA Mass Change Designated Observable Study: Progress and Future Plans

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wiese ◽  
Carmen Boening ◽  
Victor Zlotnicki ◽  
Scott Luthcke ◽  
Bryant Loomis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Earth Science ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Mass Change ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
Study Progress ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Traceability Matrix ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Future Plans

<p>The 2017-2027 US National Academy of Sciences Decadal Survey for Earth Science and Applications from Space classified mass change as one of five designated observables having the highest priority in terms of Earth observations required to better understand the Earth system over the next decade.  In response to this designation, NASA initiated multi-center studies with an overarching goal of defining observing system architectures for each designated observable.  Here, we discuss the progress made and future plans for the Mass Change Designated Observable study. Progress includes the development of a Science and Applications Traceability Matrix, a tool that links science objectives to measurement techniques and accuracies,  for the 15 science and applications objectives listed in the Decadal Survey, as well as the definition of as many as three different architectural classes for which to achieve those objectives.  We will describe the Value Framework that is under way to assess and evaluate each observing system architectural option.  Preliminary results assessing the science value versus cost/risk of observing system architectures will be presented. In addition, future plans for the Mass Change Designated Observable Study will be discussed.</p>

CONSUMER CREDIT: THEORY AND PRACTICE

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Shavkat Abdullayev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Credit ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Consumer Lending ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The article discusses the theoretical foundations, current status and ways of improving consumer lending in Uzbekistan. It were studied the views of foreign and domestic scientists on the definition of consumer credit. There are analyzed the disadvantages of consumer credits and are proposed ways to improve them

Indian Pharmaceutical Industries Current Status and Togetherness to Overcome Speed Breakers in Term of Quality Issues to Make India as a Global Pharma Destination

2020 ◽  
Vol 07 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas Rathee ◽  
Kapil Pihwal ◽  
Neelam Pawar ◽  
Sheikh Aamir ◽  
Mohammad Shahbaz Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Generic Drugs ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Family Welfare ◽  
United States Dollar ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Governmental Control ◽  
Future Plans

: Regulatory is the heart of the Pharmaceutical Industries which acts as an interface between the industries and government authorities for the growth and development of pharmaceutical industry system of their respective country. In 2017, India was a pharmaceutical country valued at USD (United States Dollar) 13 billion and accounting for 20 percent of worldwide exports, making the country the main supplier of generic drugs worldwide. Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, the Department of Pharmaceutical Products said that the national pharmaceutical market's gross revenue reached approximately US $ 18.12 billion in 2018 (Rs 129,015), growing 9.4% year-on-year and export retention in 2018 was US $ 17.88 billion. 19.14 billion US$ in 2019. The Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has increased by 13.1 percent to Rs 61,398 crore (US $ 8.98 billion) in the Union Budget 2019-20. The Indian pharmaceutical market is facing many difficulties such as central and state regulatory compliance, data integrity, ethics committee in clinical trials, governmental control over the price of medicine, lack of research and so on. We are discussing in our article that top 10 pharmaceutical companies are doing business, their turnover in 2020 and challenge in today's era. We discuss future plans and solutions to problems, so that they can be ranked first in the world.

scholarly journals REVIEW OF DESIGN HEURISTICS AND DESIGN PRINCIPLES IN DESIGN FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2571-2580
Author(s):  
Filip Valjak ◽  
Angelica Lindwall
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Design For Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Design Heuristics ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Support Methods

AbstractThe advent of additive manufacturing (AM) in recent years have had a significant impact on the design process. Because of new manufacturing technology, a new area of research emerged – Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) with newly developed design support methods and tools. This paper looks into the current status of the field regarding the conceptual design of AM products, with the focus on how literature sources treat design heuristics and design principles in the context of DfAM. To answer the research question, a systematic literature review was conducted. The results are analysed, compared and discussed on three main points: the definition of the design heuristics and the design principles, level of support they provide, as well as where and how they are used inside the design process. The paper highlights the similarities and differences between design heuristics and design principles in the context of DfAM.

scholarly journals CONCEPTUAL DESIGN FOR ASSEMBLY IN AEROSPACE INDUSTRY: SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF MATHEMATICAL FRAMEWORK AND DESIGN PARAMETERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 731-740
Author(s):  
Giovanni Formentini ◽  
Claudio Favi ◽  
Claude Cuiller ◽  
Pierre-Eric Dereux ◽  
Francois Bouissiere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Design For Assembly ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
Commercial Aircraft ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
Complex Engineering ◽  
Aircraft System ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractOne of the most challenging activity in the engineering design process is the definition of a framework (model and parameters) for the characterization of specific processes such as installation and assembly. Aircraft system architectures are complex structures used to understand relation among elements (modules) inside an aircraft and its evaluation is one of the first activity since the conceptual design. The assessment of aircraft architectures, from the assembly perspective, requires parameter identification as well as the definition of the overall analysis framework (i.e., mathematical models, equations).The paper aims at the analysis of a mathematical framework (structure, equations and parameters) developed to assess the fit for assembly performances of aircraft system architectures by the mean of sensitivity analysis (One-Factor-At-Time method). The sensitivity analysis was performed on a complex engineering framework, i.e. the Conceptual Design for Assembly (CDfA) methodology, which is characterized by level, domains and attributes (parameters). A commercial aircraft cabin system was used as a case study to understand the use of different mathematical operators as well as the way to cluster attributes.

AGI's Framework on Addressing Equity in the Geoscience Societies and the Challenge of Defining Success

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Keane ◽  
Susan Sullivan ◽  
Leila Gonzales
Keyword(s):  
Earth Science ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Critical Component ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Professional Societies ◽  
The Us ◽  
Intimate Knowledge ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Federal Data

<p>The American Geosciences Institute in cooperation with its member societies has developed the Framework for Addressing Racial and Ethnic Equity in Geosciences Professional Societies.  The geoscience societies are a pivotal area to influence the culture of the geosciences, and in response to the events of June 2020, many societies determined they needed to directly act on the issue of equity in the geosciences. Being birthed from a federation of US-centric organizations, the Framework has clear US-aligned approaches and boundaries.  However, the baseline proposed actions are fundamentally universal and meet the goal of the authoring committee to provide a framework from which we hope geoscience organizations of all types would use it to craft their own specific action plan and policies.   A critical component of this framework for the committee was to ensure definable actions were included.   Some of these suggested actions and their intended extensions will be discussed.  Additionally, ongoing conversations among the societies, with the US National Academy of Sciences Board on Earth Science and Resources, and other science organizations have begun to examine what the path forward looks like.   One area that AGI particularly is concerned about is the process of measuring progress.   Understanding and recognizing the impacts of efforts like this is critical to ensure agile responses for success.   But with AGI's intimate knowledge of much of the U.S. federal data, some of the ambiguities and definitional challenges within the US system complicates the ability to directly measure progress and for which further discussion of what success looks like is critically needed.  </p>

scholarly journals Life and creative development of academician M. M. Pavlyuchenko

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-512
Author(s):  
N. P. Krutko ◽  
V. V. Kokhanovsky ◽  
T. M. Ulyanova ◽  
I. E. Shimanovich
Keyword(s):  
Inorganic Chemistry ◽  
Young People ◽  
Thermal Dissociation ◽  
Chemical Mechanism ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Creative Development ◽  
Wide Audience ◽  
The Government ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The article is devoted to the 110 anniversary of the birth of the Belarusian scientist, the founder of the section of chemical science – Chemistry of solids, the organizer and the first director of Institute of the General and Inorganic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, academician of the Academy of Sciences of Belarus – Mikhail Mikhaylovich Pavlyuchenko. In the article, the career devoted to search of the implication and chemical mechanism of the processes proceeding with participation of solids is described. Identification of the defining stages (limiting stages) and regularities of thermal dissociation reactions and synthesis of different classes and various structure of substances, as well as the definition of ways to operate these processes are described in this paper. His pedagogical and practical activities were purposeful, he looked for and found the young people interested in scientific research, excited them with his ideas, prepared 40 candidates and 3 Doctors of Chemistry. Together with the academician N. F. Ermolenko and the engineering structure of the institute, he prepared, proved the ways and possibilities of use and enrichment of sylvinites of the Starobinsky field, and repeatedly reported for the government and wide audience on importance of chemical industry development in Belarus. His course of life is a service to science and the Homeland.

scholarly journals Molecular Targets for Gastric Cancer Treatment and Future Perspectives from a Clinical and Translational Point of View

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5216
Author(s):  
Justus Körfer ◽  
Florian Lordick ◽  
Ulrich T. Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Gastroesophageal Junction ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Metastatic Gastric Cancer ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Definition Of

Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Systemic treatment comprising chemotherapy and targeted therapy is the standard of care in advanced/metastatic gastric cancer. Comprehensive molecular characterization of gastric adenocarcinomas by the TCGA Consortium and ACRG has resulted in the definition of distinct molecular subtypes. These efforts have in parallel built a basis for the development of novel molecularly stratified treatment approaches. Based on this molecular characterization, an increasing number of specific genomic alterations can potentially serve as treatment targets. Consequently, the development of promising compounds is ongoing. In this review, key molecular alterations in gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers will be addressed. Finally, the current status of the translation of targeted therapy towards clinical applications will be reviewed.

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