Oxygen Depletion and Winterkill Risk in Small Prairie Lakes Under Extended Ice Cover

1979 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 980-986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Barica ◽  
John A. Mathias
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Oxygen Storage ◽  
Lake Depth ◽  
Fish Kill ◽  
Initial Oxygen ◽  
Storage Rate ◽  
Prairie Lakes ◽  
The Mean

Mean rates of dissolved oxygen depletion in 10 shallow eutrophic prairie lakes (area 2.3–27.3 ha, mean depth 1.6–4.2 m), ranged from 0.22 to 0.34 g/m2∙d−1 for nonstratified lakes and 0.32–0.42 g/m2∙d−1 for stratified ones. An average rate for all lakes was 0.29 ± 0.06 g/m2∙d−1. The rates correlated with the lake depth. A method for estimating the winterkill risk on the basis of initial oxygen storage, rate of dissolved oxygen depletion and/or the mean or maximum lake depth is proposed. Key words: prairie lakes, oxygen depletion rates, winter fish kill, eutrophication, metabolism, oxygen storage

Experimental Manipulation of Algal Bloom Composition by Nitrogen Addition

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 1175-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Barica ◽  
H. Kling ◽  
J. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Bloom ◽  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Fish Kill ◽  
Fish Kills ◽  
Total Absence ◽  
Prairie Lakes

Nitrogen (as ammonium, nitrate, or both) was added over an 8- to 12-wk period to enclosures in a small prairie lake and to a whole pond. In previous years, both had experienced seasonal anoxia as a result of collapses of Aphanizomenon flos-aquae blooms followed by a massive fish kill. Additions altered the bloom magnitude and the species composition if N was added prior to the appearance of A. flos-aquae. Low additions (~ 0.75–1.5 g m−8∙wk−1) initiated after the appearance of the cyanophyte bloom resulted in a significant reduction of the A. flos-aquae biomass, while the same addition at the time of a chlorophyte bloom (Scenedesmus and Oocystis sp.) caused a substantial shift to Microcystis aeruginosa. High additions (~ 7–14 g m−3∙wk−1) resulted in a total absence of cyanophytes and were followed by a complete shift to small chlorophytes and cryptomonads, with a total absence of A. flos-aquae and the fish kill. Low additions of N did not show any accumulation over 3–5 mo after discontinuation of the fertilization; high additions showed a significant accumulation of nitrate in the water. Both lake and pond returned to heavy A. flos-aquae blooms and fish kills the following summer when not fertilized.Key words: nutrient enrichment, nitrogen, algal blooms, fish kills, oxygen depletion, prairie lakes, biomanipulation, eutrophication

Dependence of Lake Oxygen Depletion Rates on Maximum Oxygen Storage in a Partially Meromictic Lake in Alberta

1988 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 571-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette M. Trimbee ◽  
E. E. Prepas
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Thermal Stratification ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Meromictic Lake ◽  
Oxygen Storage ◽  
Lake Productivity ◽  
Lake Mixing ◽  
Hypolimnetic Oxygen

Areal rates of hypolimnetic oxygen depletion (AHOD) and winter oxygen depletion (AWOD) varied considerably from year to year in a partially meromictic lake (Narrow Lake) in central Alberta. AHOD ranged from 0.222 to 0.522 g O2∙m−2∙d−1 over four summers and AWOD ranged from 0.354 to 0.614 g O2∙m−2∙d−1 over three winters. AHOD was positively correlated with maximum storage of dissolved oxygen (O2) at the onset of summer thermal stratification (P < 0.05). Similarly, AWOD was higher in years when mixing was more complete and maximum O2 storage at freeze-up was higher. These results suggest that the prediction of O2 depletion rates for lakes with year-to-year variation in maximum O2 storage can be improved if maximum O2 storage after lake mixing is considered in addition to other factors known to influence O2 depletion rates such as lake productivity and morphometry.

Investigation of the Contribution of Natural Organic Runoff to Dissolved Oxygen Depletion in the Red Deer River

1979 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-88
Author(s):  
S.E. Penttinen ◽  
P.H. Bouthillier ◽  
S.E. Hrudey
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Nitrogen Budgets ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Tributary Stream ◽  
Small Tributary

Abstract Studies on the chronic low dissolved oxygen problems encountered under winter ice in the Red Deer River have generally been unable to account for dissolved oxygen depletion in terms of known manmade inputs. An experimental program was developed to assess the possible nature and approximate bounds of oxygen demand due to natural organic runoff carried to the Red Deer River by a small tributary stream, the Blindman River. The study employed an electrolytic respirometer on stream water samples subjected to prior concentration by vacuum evaporation. Evaluation of carbon and nitrogen budgets in conjunction with the measured oxygen demand indicate that biochemical oxygen demand is originating with natural organic runoff in tributaries of the Red Deer River. The results provide a basis for estimation of the possible contribution to the observed oxygen demand in the Red Deer River originating from natural organic runoff.

Studies on the storage of potatoes. III. The composition of the atmosphere in a potato clamp

1950 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Crook ◽  
D. J. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Wind Velocity ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Unsaturated Compounds ◽  
The Face ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

The CO2 concentration in the atmosphere of a potato clamp varied between 0·06 and 0·86%. The sum of CO2 and oxygen concentrations remained approximately constant at 21%. The CO2 concentration increased with time from December to April. This was attributed to increase in the rate of respiration of the potatoes caused by rise of temperature. Wind blowing in the direction normal to the face of the clamp reduced the COa concentration, presumably by causing external air to flow through the clamp coverings. A multiple regression of CO2 concentration on temperature of the potatoes at the time of sampling, and on the mean component of wind velocity normal to the clamp face estimated over a period of 3 hr. before the time of sampling, accounted for 64% of the variance between sampling occasions.Unsaturated compounds were detected in the clamp atmosphere by absorption in bromine; the concentration of these, expressed as ethylene, varied between 0·004 and 0·025%.The magnitude of CO2 accumulation and oxygen depletion in the clamp atmosphere was too small to produce effects of practical importance on the storage behaviour of the potatoes. If the unsaturated compounds were ethylene, the concentration present was sufficient to cause appreciable retardation of sprouting.

Light, Nutrients, and Water Temperature as Determinants of Phytoplankton Production in Two Saline, Prairie Lakes with High Sulphate Concentrations

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 2281-2290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Robarts ◽  
Marlene S. Evans ◽  
Michael T. Arts
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Euphotic Zone ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Phytoplankton Production ◽  
Dissolved Phosphorus ◽  
Prairie Lakes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Algal Productivity

Our data support empirical models indicating that algal productivity is low relative to total phosphorus (TP) levels in prairie lakes with high sulphate concentrations. Mean chlorophyll accounted for 91.1% of the variance in euphotic zone primary production (ΣA) in Humboldt Lake (total dissolved solids (TDS) = 3.3 g∙L−1; Zmax = 6 m), while TP, total dissolved phosphorus, and water temperature accounted for 82.7% of ΣA variance in Redberry Lake (TDS = 20.9 g∙L−1; Zmax = 17 m). The relative importance of these variables to ΣA resulted from biological, chemical, and physical differences of these lakes. Light usually penetrated to the bottom of Redberry Lake due to a mean euphotic zone (Zeu) chlorophyll of 1.7 mg∙m−3, while Humboldt Lake's mean Zeu was 3.4 m with a mean chlorophyll concentration of 62.6 mg∙m−3. Chlorophyll was the dominant factor correlated with light penetration in Humboldt Lake (r2 = 0.65) but not in Redberry Lake. Photosynthetic capacity was correlated (r2 = 0.72) with water temperature only in Redberry Lake. The mean ΣA was 57.1 and 230.2 mg C∙m−2∙h−1 for Redberry and Humboldt lakes, respectively.

Relationship Between Thermal Stability and Summer Oxygen Depletion in a Prairie Pothole Lake

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (9) ◽  
pp. 1433-1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Papst ◽  
J. A. Mathias ◽  
J. Barica
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Thermal Instability ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Prairie Pothole ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Algae Blooms ◽  
Principal Factors ◽  
Prairie Lakes

Periods of summer oxygen depletion (summerkill), occurring in shallow prairie lakes, are dependent on the collapse of algae blooms but are not an obligatory result of the collapse. A period of thermal instability following this bloom collapse, or coincidental with it, is a necessary requirement. Wind stress and night-time air temperature are the principal factors determining the degree of thermal stability. These findings explain the speed with which oxygen depletion can occur, that the occurrence of algal biomass collapses without severe oxygen depletion (partial collapses), and the correlation between the occurrence of periods of lake oxygen depletion and changing weather conditions.Key words: lake, summerkill, anoxia, mixing, oxygen depletion, thermal stability, weather, Aphanizomenon

scholarly journals Impact of Global Warming on Dissolved Oxygen and BOD Assimilative Capacity of the World’s Rivers: Modeling Analysis

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 2408
Author(s):  
Steven C. Chapra ◽  
Luis A. Camacho ◽  
Graham B. McBride
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Assimilative Capacity ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Lower Oxygen ◽  
The Impact

For rivers and streams, the impact of rising water temperature on biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) assimilative capacity depends on the interplay of two independent factors: the waterbody’s dissolved oxygen (DO) saturation and its self-purification rate (i.e., the balance between BOD oxidation and reaeration). Although both processes increase with rising water temperatures, oxygen depletion due to BOD oxidation increases faster than reaeration. The net result is that rising temperatures will decrease the ability of the world’s natural waters to assimilate oxygen-demanding wastes beyond the damage due to reduced saturation alone. This effect should be worse for nitrogenous BOD than for carbonaceous BOD because of the former’s higher sensitivity to rising water temperatures. Focusing on streams and rivers, the classic Streeter–Phelps model was used to determine the magnitude of the maximum or “critical” DO deficit that can be calculated analytically as a function of the mixing-point BOD concentration, DO saturation, and the self-purification rate. The results indicate that high-velocity streams will be the most sensitive to rising temperatures. This is significant because such systems typically occur in mountainous regions where they are also subject to lower oxygen saturation due to decreased oxygen partial pressure. Further, they are dominated by salmonids and other cold-water fish that require higher oxygen levels than warm-water species. Due to their high reaeration rates, such systems typically exhibit high self-purification constants and consequently have higher assimilation capacities than slower moving lowland rivers. For slow-moving rivers, the total sustainable mixing-point concentration for CBOD is primarily dictated by saturation reductions. For faster flowing streams, the sensitivity of the total sustainable load is more equally dependent on temperature-induced reductions in both saturation and self-purification.

Factors Controlling Oxygen Depletion in Ice-Covered Lakes

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack A. Mathias ◽  
Jan Barica
Keyword(s):  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Lake Management ◽  
Eddy Diffusion ◽  
Oxygen Depletion ◽  
Eutrophic Lakes ◽  
Experimental Lakes Area ◽  
Lake Volume ◽  
Basin Morphometry ◽  
Depletion Rate ◽  
Prairie Lakes

Winter oxygen depletion rates from four sets of Canadian lakes (prairie, southeastern Ontario, Arctic, and Experimental Lakes Area) differing in morphometry and trophic state, were analyzed. An inverse relationship was found between oxygen depletion rate and mean depth. The effect of lake trophic status on oxygen depletion rate was demonstrable after the influence of basin morphometry was removed by regression of oxygen depletion rate against the sediment area: lake volume ratio. The sediments of eutrophic lakes consumed oxygen about 3 times faster (0.23 g∙m−2∙d−1) than those of oligotrophic lakes (0.08 g∙m−2∙d−1), but water column respiration was about the same (0.01 g∙m−3∙d−1) for both groups of lakes. Data from prairie lakes showed that the winter oxygen consumption was limited by oxygen supply below an average whole-lake oxygen concentration of 3.8 mg∙L−1. The rate of eddy diffusion near the sediments in ice-covered prairie lakes was 3.72 ± 1.41 × 10−3 cm2∙s−1. Implications for lake management during the winter are discussed.Key words: oxygen, depletion, respiration, lakes, ice-covered, winter, sediments, model, consumption

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