ESTERASE GENOTYPES AND PERFORMANCE TRAITS IN MEAT-TYPE CHICKENS

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Grunder ◽  
E. S. Merritt
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Allelic Frequencies ◽  
Reproduction Traits ◽  
Egg Production Rate ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Meat Type

The genotypes at a serum esterase locus were determined for 3208 female meat-type chickens. These birds belonged to three generations of six strains on which records of body-weight and reproduction traits were kept. Allelic frequencies among strains were compared and then a study was made of the relationship between esterase genotype and the following traits: body weight at five ages, age at first egg, survivor egg production, rate of egg production (%), egg weight, fertility and hatchability. Allelic frequencies did not differ in two of three years between replicate control strains but were significantly different in seven of nine comparisons between selected and control strains. Analysis of variance of paired comparisons of genotypes on a within dam family basis revealed only five of the 106 comparisons to be significant. No heterotic effects were indicated. It was concluded that the esterase genotypes studied do not have a major influence on the traits investigated.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Kuroiler and Sasso Chicken Breeds Reared under On-farm and On-station Management Conditions in Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
Fadhili S. Guni ◽  
Said H. Mbaga ◽  
Andalwisye M. Katule
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
General Effect ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Gxe Interaction ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
Egg Production Rate ◽  
On Farm

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of management, breed, and their interaction on growth performance, egg production, and survivability under on-station and on-farm management conditions in Tanzania. A total of 1200 chicks, 600 for each breed, Kuroiler, and Sasso of mixed sexes were used. Birds under on-station management were confined and fed commercial ration throughout the experiment while those under on-farm management were allowed to semi-scavenge and supplemented with available feeds in the household. Brooding was carried out on-station for six weeks. Thereafter, birds were sub-divided for on-station and on-farm evaluation where data on body weight, egg production traits, and survival rate were taken at different ages from week 6 up to 52. The General Linear Models procedure fitting management, breed, and interaction between management and breed was used to analyze the data. Results show that management conditions had a significant influence on the performance of the breeds. Birds reared on-station performed better in all traits measured than those reared on-farm. The general effect of the breed was significant only for hen-day egg production (HDEP %) and hen-housed egg production (HHEP) in favour of Sasso chickens. Similarly, Sasso was more efficient at converting feed to live body weight. Interactions between management and breed were observed for all traits except peak egg production rate and mortality rate. While Sasso performance was better than that of Kuroiler on body weight, age at first egg, HDEP, age at peak egg production, and HHEP under the on-station management system, their performance in these traits were similar under the on-farm management except for body weight and age at first egg where Kuroiler was superior to Sasso. The survivability was also higher for Kuroiler than for Sasso under both management systems. It is concluded that genotype by environment (GxE) interaction had significant effects on the performance of the two breeds thus, a need to consider such effect when promoting them for either on-station or on-farm rearing.

scholarly journals Breeding for the improvement of indigenous chickens in Bangladesh: performance of second generation

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Shakila Faruque ◽  
AKFH Bhuiyan ◽  
Md Yousuf Ali ◽  
MSK Sarker ◽  
Ziaul Faruque Joy
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Genotype 3 ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Slaughter Age ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Egg Production Rate

The improvement of productivity of indigenous chicken is a long desire in the country. Present research is a part of the long-term selection program being undertaken to evaluate the carcass characteristics and expected response to selection of second generation (G2) of indigenous chicken under intensive management in Bangladesh. A total of 1643-day-old chicks comprising of 3 types of chicken namely Naked Neck (NN), Hilly (H) and Non-descript Desi (ND) were hatched in a two batches for this study. In second generation (G2), selection was practiced at 3 (three) stages of birds life, firstly and secondly at 8 and at 16 weeks of age, selection was performed on the basis of breeding value for 8 and 16 week body weight. Thirdly, at 40-week of age, on the basis of an index comprising the parameters of age at sexual maturity (ASM), body weight (BW), egg production (EP) and egg weight (EW). Improvement target of egg weight was to increase by 1g and improvement target of egg production rate was to increase by 2 % per generation. The main target was the mean body weight in H, ND and NN chicken has to be gone up from the initial eight-week body weight of 375, 342 and 331g to 500 g at eight weeks of age. At 8, 10 and 12 weeks of age, six birds from each genotype were slaughtered to analyze the meat yield traits. Slaughter data were analyzed in a 3(genotype)×3(slaughter age) factorial arrangement in CRD by General Linear Model (GLM) Univariate Procedure in SPSS Computer Program. Genotype and slaughter age had significant effect (p<0.001) on dressing percentage. Body weight at 8 weeks of age was expected to improve by 51.21 vs. 24.03; 37.74 vs. 15.47 and 26.26 vs. 9.65g; respectively for ND, H and NN males and females. In terms of body weight H genotype was superior and NN genotype was for dressing percentage. As a result of selection; EP, BW increased and ASM reduced in second generation than that of the foundation stock.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2017, 3(1): 66-71

Alterations in plasma constituents, growth and egg production traits due to selection in three genotypes of Japanese quail

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Farahat ◽  
B. Y. Mahmoud ◽  
E. M. El-Komy ◽  
E. A. El-Full
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Laying Performance ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
And Control

AbstractThe present investigation was carried out to estimate the effects of genotype and sex on growth and laying performance and assess the variations in plasma constituents in the tested genotypes and their relations with productive traits after four generations of selection. Data of growth and laying performance on 1440 females and males of Japanese quail were taken from the three quail genotypes: maternal (MG), long shank length (LSG28) and control (CG) genotypes. Genotype significantly affected all studied growth productive traits, favouring selected genotypes. The LSG28surpassed MG in total protein, albumin (Alb), globulin (Glob), triglycerides and Alb/Glob ratio and lowered both cholesterol and total lipids (TL). Sex significantly favoured females, which had higher body weight, longer shank length at 35 days of age and higher body weight gain during the period from 1 to 35 days of age. Females showed significantly higher concentrations of both Alb and TL than males. The MG exceeded LSG28in fertility and hatchability per cent. Correlations for both growth and productive traits with plasma constituents revealed inconsistent trends in either magnitude or direction. Four generations of selection resulted in substantial phenotypic improvements in most growth and productive traits, as well as plasma constituents studied in LSG28, and favoured MG in maturity, days needed to produce the first ten eggs, higher egg production per cent and heavier egg mass.

Linking manufacturing planning and control to the manufacturing environment

1995 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 36-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Rocky Newman ◽  
V. Sridharan
Keyword(s):  
Major Part ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Manufacturing Planning ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Manufacturing Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Planning And Control ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Industry Trends

A manufacturing planning and control (MPC) system is a major part of the infrastructure used by a firm to enhance its competitive position. Although a clear understanding of the mechanics and benefits of alternative MPC systems exists, very little is known about the relationships between such systems, the strategic environment faced by the user‐firms, and their performance in achieving cost/competitive advantage. Historically, the choice of an MPC system appears to have been made based solely on available in‐house expertise, industry trends, or plain inertia. Reports a summary of the results of a survey conducted to explore empirically the relationship between the environmental characteristics faced by the manufacturing function and manufacturing performance of firms using alternative MPC systems. Presents the results of an analysis of the environment faced by best and worst performers using different MPC systems. The results indicate key linkages between the MPC systems, environment, and performance.

A Configurational Analysis of International Joint Ventures

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 781-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Child
Keyword(s):  
Joint Ventures ◽  
International Joint Ventures ◽  
Configurational Analysis ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
International Joint ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Parent Companies ◽  
Variance Approach

A stream of research has focused on the ownership shares that partner companies take in international joint ventures [IJVs] and the leverage this may provide for control and performance. This research has normally adopted a `variance' approach, which examines `independent' variables as potential predictors of the focal phenomenon. The variance approach has yielded reasonably consistent results for the relationship between IJV ownership and control, but not in respect of performance. In searching for the optimum predictive model for whole samples, the variance approach risks overlooking inter-case nuances that may result from somewhat different configurations of variables. An alternative approach seeks to explore how and why variables configure together in different combinations. This paper draws on a study of 20 Sino-UK IJVs and their parent companies. It proceeds from a conventional variance analysis to identify different IV configurations. These configurations can be understood in the light of each IV's formative context, and they relate to performance in different ways. Propositions deriving from the study are offered as guidelines for further research.

scholarly journals Resizing the productive characteristics of meat-type quail through principal component analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 970-976
Author(s):  
D.U. Tyska ◽  
A.G. Gotuzzo ◽  
N.J.L. Dionello ◽  
R. Negri ◽  
R.P. Della-Flora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Production Period ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Meat Type

ABSTRACT This study aimed to establish criteria for eliminating redundant variables, to know the magnitude of the data relationship, and to provide information that helps researchers in the use of the technique to analyze and interpret production data and egg quality. The data used in this work was obtained from four successive generations of the quail lineage developed by the Department of Animal Science of the Federal University of Pelotas. The characteristics were measured from the 42nd day of age, when the egg production period began, until 126 days of production, obtaining three 28 day periods (cycles) in the four successive generations, totaling 545 females. Of the twelve original variables, only seven demonstrated potential to be maintained in future experiments, representing a 42% exclusion. The main philosophy of this study was the analysis of the studied variables and made possible the understanding of the relationship and the correlations.

scholarly journals Budgetary Control and Performance: the Case of Councils in Mezam and Momo Divisions of Cameroon

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Samuel Tanjeh Mukah
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Control Variables ◽  
Public Sector Management ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region ◽  
Budgetary Control ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

The pursuit of quality service delivery in the public sector management in Cameroon necessitated the decentralisation of public sector management by transferring more power and resources to the local councils. This is in a bid to make them more self-governing. These councils are expected to meet the aspirations of their municipalities by carrying out approved projects efficiently and effectively. In this regard, this paper sets out to investigate the relationship between budgetary control and performance of local councils in Mezam and Momo Divisions of the North West Region of Cameroon, and the challenges these councils encounter in the process of budgetary control. Data was collected through a survey and analysed using the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) estimation technique to regress the relationship between the budgetary control variables and council performance. The empirical results showed that the key budgetary control variables (planning, participation, monitoring and control, motivation, communication, and responsibility) have a positively and statistically significant effect on performance of the councils. Effective performance of local councils in Mezam and Momo Divisions of the North West Region of Cameroon could then be attributed to effective presence of budgetary control requiring the availability of financial resources rationally allocated, qualified and experienced personnel, participation of all responsibility center managers in the planning and control processes, and regular communication and motivation of the council staff. 

Upgrading the indigenous poultry of Uganda IV. Egg production

1963 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-227
Author(s):  
J. C. M. Trail
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Egg Production Rate

Data on egg production, egg weight, food consumption, broodiness, mortality and body weights of the progeny of indigenous poultry of Uganda crossed with Light Sussex, White Leghorn, Rhode Island Red and Black Australorp breeds were collected collected over the 25-week period from 161 to 336 days of age and compared with the performances of indigenous poultry.In comparison with the indigenous birds, the cross-breeds had a 61% higher mean egg production rate, a 34% lower food consumption per pound of eggs produced, a 15% higher egg weight, a 30% reduction in mortality, a 23% increase in body weight and a decrease in broodiness.All the cross-breeds were superior in productive respects to the indigenous birds and the White Leghorn and Light Sussex breeds appeared to be the best for use in the upgrading of indigenous stock for highest egg production results.

CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS AND PERFORMANCE OF LAYING BIRDS FED RAPESEED MEAL

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. LEESON ◽  
J. D. SUMMERS ◽  
R. GRANDHI
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Amino Acid Supplementation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Amino Acid Balance

Diets containing up to 11% of rapeseed meal protein were fed to individually caged White Leghorn laying birds. Egg production, feed intake and body weight gain were less for birds fed rapeseed, rather than soybean meal. The reduction in body weight gain was associated with a reduction in carcass fat content, and an increase in carcass protein and moisture contents. Liver fat was also less for birds fed rapeseed meal. Results from amino acid supplementation studies indicated that the reduction in carcass fat deposition of laying birds fed RSM may be involved with dietary amino acid balance.

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