Anti-oxidative systems in rat skeletal muscle after acute physical exercise

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Alexandre Bachur ◽  
Sérgio Britto Garcia ◽  
Hélio Vannucchi ◽  
Alceu Afonso Jordao ◽  
Paula Garcia Chiarello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Exercise Duration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Acute Physical Exercise

The objective of this study was to analyze the oxidative stress of skeletal muscle of sedentary rats at the morphological and biochemical level, due to acute physical effort performed at different intensities and during different periods of time. Forty-two male sedentary Wistar rats were divided into two groups, group A (swimming for 50 min) and group B (swimming for 100 min), which were further subdivided into 3 different exercise intensities, non-weight bearing (subgroup I), 3% weight load (subgroup II), and 5% weighted load (subgroup III), as well as a control-rested group (C). The animals were killed by ether inhalation and fragments of the gastrocnemius muscle were removed for the determination of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), and vitamin E concentrations. When all groups were compared with the control-rested group (C), gastrocnemius MDA levels at 50 and 100 min were higher at all swimming intensities. GSH consumption was greater at all intensities in group A, and only at 100 min in group BI; vitamin E consumption was significantly higher only in groups BII and BIII. When groups were compared by intensity at each swimming time there were no differences between I, II, and III at 50 min for any of the substances analyzed (MDA, GSH, and vitamin E), but at 100 min opposite effects were observed for GSH and vitamin E, with vitamin E consumption and GSH recovery occurring with increasing weight load. Higher concentrations of skeletal muscle MDA could indicate elevated lipid peroxidation at each time and exercise intensity, with highest MDA levels observed after the longest exercise duration and at the highest intensity. The layer-line mode of utilization of body antioxidants could explain the concentrations of GSH and vitamin E: first the use of GSH, even with minor oxidative stress, and then vitamin E consumption only in the presence of greater and more prolonged oxidative stress, indicating the necessity of adequate body levels of both antioxidants for proper utilization by the body antioxidant defense system.

scholarly journals PO-212 Effects of hypoxic endurance training on weight loss and Irisin expression in nutritional obese rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhigang Li ◽  
Wentao Lin
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Training Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hypoxia Exposure ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Objective Exercise can induce the release of various myokine such as Irisin, which promote browning of white fat, improve body metabolism, and loss weight. Appropriate hypoxic training plays a better role in weight loss than single exercise, but the effect of hypoxic training on muscle factors that promote browning of fat is rarely reported. Therefore, this study aims to observe different concentrations of hypoxia training on the PGC1α-Irisin-UCP1 signaling pathway in nutritional obese rats, and the role of weight loss. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=140) of 6 weeks old were divided into normal diet feeding group (group N, n=20) and high-fat diet feeding group (group HFD, n=120). The HFD rats became obese after 8 weeks’ feeding, and they were further divided randomly into 8 groups. Including sedentary group(group A), training group (group AE), 16.3% hypoxia exposure group (group B), 16.3% hypoxia training group (group BE), and 13.3% hypoxia exposure group (group C), 13.3% hypoxia training group (group CE), 11.3% hypoxia exposure group (group D), 11.3% hypoxia training group (group DE), group B, group C and group D Rats were exposed to oxygen in concentrations of 16.3%, 13.3%, and 11.3% for 12 h/d, respectively. Rats in group BE, CE, and DE were subjected to animal treadmill training during hypoxic exposure with a slope of 0°, 20 m /min, 40min/d, 5d/w. After 8 weeks of intervention, blood, adipose tissue and skeletal muscle were collected and tested. Results (1) In group AE, the body weight of obese rats decreased in a short time, but bounced back later. The body weight of rats in group CE and group DE decreased continuously. Hypoxia exposure and hypoxia training can inhibit the food intake of obese rats in varying degrees, and group CE has the most obvious effect. Hypoxia, endurance training and hypoxia training all reduced the percentage of visceral fat to body weight, group C is significantly lower than group B and D group (p < 0.05), the effect of hypoxia training is more obvious than single hypoxia or exercise, and the lower oxygen concentration the more significant effect. Group C、group CE、group D and group DE significantly decreased the concentration of LDL-C, increased the content of HDL-C in serum than other groups (p < 0.05).(2) The concentration of serum Irisin in group AE, group BE, group CE and group DE rats was significantly higher than that in group A (p < 0.05), and the highest level was found in group CE and DE. The insulin resistance of obese rats in group CE and group DE was significantly better than that in group AE (p < 0.05). (3) Three different concentrations of hypoxia exposure and hypoxia training can significantly increase the skeletal muscle PGC-1 α and FNDC5 gene expression, showing that the lower the concentration of oxygen, the higher the expression, 13.3% and 16.3% hypoxia training can significantly promote the gene transcription of UCP1. The contents of PGC-1 α and FNDC5 protein in skeletal muscle of obese rats in group C, AE and DE were significantly higher than those in group A (p < 0. 05). The expression of UCP1 protein in skeletal muscle of rats in group C, CE and DE was significantly higher than that in group A (p < 0. 05). Conclusions 13.3% and 11.3% oxygen concentration combined with endurance training can effectively reduce the body weight and visceral fat of nutritional obese rats, enhance serum HDL-C and decrease LDL-C levels and insulin resistance. 13.3% and 11.3% oxygen concentration training can significantly improve the level of serum Irisin, 11.3% oxygen concentration training can significantly promote the expression of PGC1α-Irisin-UCP1 gene and protein in skeletal muscle.

scholarly journals A Randomized Prospective Study to Assess the Effect of Vitamin E on Peroxiredoxin- 2 As a Novel Antioxidant Marker in Young Beta-Thalassemia Major Patients on Different Chelation Therapy

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1058-1058
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abd el mohsen ◽  
Maha Saber ◽  
Amira Adly ◽  
Eman Ismail ◽  
Omar Elalfy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Iron Overload ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Group A ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Group B ◽  
Vitamin E Supplementation

Abstract Introduction: Oxidative stress plays a central role in the pathogenesis of morbidities in β-thalassemia. Peroxiredoxin-2 (PRDX2) is the third most abundant cytoplasmic protein in red cells and is able to reduce and detoxify a vast range of organic peroxides, H2O2, and peroxynitrite. PRDX2 has been demonstrated to be induced by oxidative stress and that cells overexpressing PRDX2 are more resistant to the oxidative stress. Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin and an anti-oxidant which is often depleted in thalassemia patients as a result of iron overload. Aim: This randomized prospective trial aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of vitamin E as an adjuvant therapy to the three used iron chelators in moderately iron overloaded young vitamin E-deficient β-thalassemia major (β-TM) patients in relation to tissue iron overload and examine its potential corrective value to markers of oxidative stress and to the level of PRDX2 as a novel protective marker of oxidative stress. Methods: Inclusion criteria were β-TM patients aged 6-18 years, vitamin E deficient, serum ferritin (SF) >1000-2500 μg/L and cardiac T2* > 10 ms and ejection fraction > 56 %. A total of 245 β-TM patients were screened for eligibility, 180 were enrolled while 35 did not meet inclusion criteria and 30 were excluded. The 180 β-TM vitamin E-deficient patients were equally enrolled into 3 groups (each; n=60) and received desferrioxamine (DFO), deferiprone (DFP) and deferasirox (DFX). Patients in each group were further randomized either to receive vitamin E supplementation (400 IU daily) or not (n=30). All patients received vitamin E (group A) or no vitamin E (group B) were followed-up for one year with assessment of transfusion index, hemoglobin, serum ferritin (SF), liver iron content (LIC) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2*. Malondialdehyde (MDA), as an index for lipid peroxidation, and antioxidants including reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase and PRXD2 were assessed. Results: Baseline vitamin E was negatively correlated to SF, LIC and MDA while it was positively correlated to GSH, GPX, catalase and PRXD2. No significant difference was found as regards the studied variables at baseline and study end in patients who did not receive vitamin E (group B). After vitamin E therapy, transfusion index, SF, and LIC were significantly decreased in group A patients while hemoglobin and cardiac MRI T2* were elevated compared with baseline levels or those in group B without vitamin E. MDA levels were decreased while all the studied antioxidants were increased post-vitamin E supplementation compared with baseline levels or those in group B without vitamin E. The same improvement was found among DFP-treated patients post-vitamin E compared with baseline data. DFP-treated patients had the highest hemoglobin and antioxidant levels with the lowest SF and LIC compared with DFO or DFX subgroups. Conclusions: Vitamin E as an adjuvant therapy possibly potentiates the efficacy of DFP more than DFO and DFX in reducing iron burden and reduces oxidative stress in the moderately iron overloaded vitamin E-deficient β-TM patients, with no adverse events. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals EFEK PEMBERIAN VITAMIN E TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR MALONDIALDEHID (MDA) HATI MENCIT STRAIN JEPANG AKIBAT PAPARAN MINYAK GORENG BERULANG

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Elmatris Sy ◽  
Yustini Alioes ◽  
Almurdi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Mouse Liver ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Group A ◽  
Mice Liver

 ABSTRACT SOR (Reactive Oxygen Species) is a collection of free radical compound or compounds that easily become free radicals and can damage the cell membrane is marked by elevated levels of MDA (11) This is called oxidative stress, which can be prevented and reduced by adequate intake of antioxidants into the body optimally. Oxidative stress effects can be prevented by antioxidant vitamins, especially vitamin E. The results of research show that the average value of mouse liver MDA levels of the control group (A) 1.78 nmol/mL. The treatment group with repeated delivery of cooking oil (B) have increased the average value of mouse liver MDA levels (2.97 nmol/mL, 3.18 nmol/mL, 3.49 nmol/mL, 3.83 nmol/mL). In the treatment group with doses of vitamin E 52 IU/Kg/Hr and repeat cooking oil (C) have decreased the average value of mouse liver MDA levels (2.03 nmol/mL, 2.10 nmol/mL, 2.24 nmol/mL, 2.70 nmol/mL), compared with the provision of cooking oil over it. We can conclude that there are differences in average MDA levels of the liver of mice a significant between group A, group B1, C1 group (p = 0.003). Mice liver MDA content significantly between group A, group B2, C2 group (p = 0.000), between group A, group B3, C3 group (0.001), between group A, group B4, C4 group (0.000) where p <0.05. Keywords: Recurring Cooking Oil, Vitamin E, Malondialdehid (MDA)   

Effect of Sample Storage Conditions on Body Burden Analysis of Organic Contaminants in Unionid Mussels

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 833-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheline Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Body Burden ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sample Storage ◽  
Pcb Congeners ◽  
Unionid Mussels ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Abstract In order to quantitatively assess the effect of sample storage conditions on the body burden analysis of organic contaminants, a comparative analysis was carried out on the unionid mussel Elliptic complanata. The mussels were divided into two groups, each with distinct storage conditions, while Group A was kept in the freezer at −20°C, Group B was kept in the refrigerator for five days at 5°C. All the compounds present in the control were also present in Group B samples. Analysis of the organic contaminants in each of these two groups showed that for total PCB concentrations, the two treatments were not significantly different; however when compared individually 6 of the 13 PCB congeners showed significant differences. The observed differences were relatively small for individual PCB congeners (7.1 to 15.3%), higher for chlorobenzenes (10.5 to 36.4%), and yet higher for HCE (44.1%); the difference for HCE, although large is nevertheless not significant, even if only marginally so.

scholarly journals Comparative study between fascia lata and temporalis fascia in myringoplasty

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman Ali Abdel Fattah ◽  
Abdel Hay Rashad Elasy ◽  
Ahmed Helmy Hoseini ◽  
Tarek Abdel Rahman Abdel Hafez
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Fascia Lata ◽  
The Body ◽  
Temporalis Fascia ◽  
Fascia Graft ◽  
Fascia Lata Graft ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background Repair of a perforated tympanic membrane (myringoplasty) can facilitate normal middle ear function, resist infection, and help re-establish normal hearing. Autogenous graft materials are the most popular graft materials used in myringoplasty because of their easy acceptability by the body. This study is conducted to compare between temporalis fascia graft and fascia lata graft in myringoplasty for patients with tubo-tympanic dry perforation. Results A total of 60 patients with persistent dry tympanic membrane perforation were included in our study during the period from January 2018 to May 2020. Patients underwent myringoplasty with temporalis fascia (30 patients as group A) or fascia lata (30 patients as group B). Patients were scheduled for follow-up visits concerning graft status, ear discharge, and audiograms. The mean postoperative air-bone gap in group A was 17.5 ± 4 after 1 month and 8.6 ± 6.9 after 3 months, while in group B, the mean postoperative air-bone gap was 17.6 ± 4.9 after 1 month and 9.4 ± 7.5 after 3 months. There was 90% success in graft uptake in group A, while there was 80% success in group B. Conclusion Using temporalis fascia is still the best and most trustworthy technique of myringoplasty compared to fascia lata graft. However, fascia lata can be a good alternative to temporalis fascia especially in cases of revision myringoplasty, ears having large perforation, or near-total perforation where the chances of residual perforation are high because of the limited margin of remnant tympanic membrane overlapping the graft.

Glycine and L-Arginine supplementation ameliorates gastro-duodenal toxicity in a rat model of NSAID (Diclofenac)-gastroenteropathy via inhibition of oxidative stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akinleye Stephen Akinrinde ◽  
Halimot Olawalarami Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Serum Total Protein ◽  
Significant Amelioration ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Objectives This study examined the possible protective roles of exogenous glycine (Gly) and L-Arginine (l-Arg) against Diclofenac (DIC)-induced gastro-duodenal damage in rats. Methods Rats were divided into Group A (control), Group B (DIC group) and Groups C–F which were pre-treated for five days with Gly1 (250 mg/kg), Gly2 (500 mg/kg), l-Arg1 (200 mg/kg) and l-Arg2 (400 mg/kg), respectively, before co-treatment with DIC for another three days. Hematological, biochemical and histopathological analyses were then carried out. Results DIC produced significant (p<0.05) reduction in PCV (13.82%), Hb (46.58%), RBC (30.53%), serum total protein (32.72%), albumin (28.44%) and globulin (38.01%) along with significant (p<0.05) elevation of serum MPO activity (83.30%), when compared with control. In addition, DIC increased gastric H2O2 and MDA levels by 33.93 and 48.59%, respectively, while the duodenal levels of the same parameters increased by 19.43 and 85.56%, respectively. Moreover, SOD, GPx and GST activities in the DIC group were significantly (p<0.05) reduced in the stomach (21.12, 24.35 and 51.28%, respectively) and duodenum (30.59, 16.35 and 37.90%, respectively), compared to control. Treatment with Gly and l-Arg resulted in significant amelioration of the DIC-induced alterations although l-Arg produced better amelioration of RBC (29.78%), total protein (10.12%), albumin (9.93%) and MPO (65.01%), compared to the DIC group. The protective effects of both amino acids against oxidative stress parameters and histological lesions were largely similar. Conclusions The data from this study suggest that Gly or l-Arg prevented DIC-induced gastro-duodenal toxicity and might, therefore be useful in improving the therapeutic index of DIC.

scholarly journals Non-locking buttress plate in distal tibial metaphyseal fractures

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Norman Lamichhane ◽  
Bhogendra Bahadur KC ◽  
Chandra Bahadur Mishra ◽  
Sabita Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Delayed Union ◽  
Full Weight Bearing ◽  
Distal Fibula ◽  
Fibula Fracture ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Metaphyseal Fractures

Background: Treatment of distal tibial metaphyseal fractures is often challenging and no single technique has been unanimously advocated. Open reduction and internal fixation with plates and screws allows better restoration of anatomical alignment but with more soft tissue complication. Simultaneous fixation of the fibula is not universally carried out. This study aims at evaluation of the outcome of plating technique and the effect of fixation of fibula fracture in treatment of distal tibial metaphyseal fractures. Material and methods: Thirty-one cases (14 cases in Group A with concomitant distal fibula fracture and 17 cases in Group B without distal fibula fracture) were analyzed retrospectively for the mean duration of full weight bearing, mean union time and complications, and compared. Results: The mean time for full weight bearing and radiological union in our study was 14.2 weeks (15.9 in Group A and 13.1 in Group B) and 23.8 weeks (26.6 in Group A and 21.5 in Group B) respectively. 16.1% of cases had post-operative complications including one case of deep infection and malalignment of 6 degree varus (following delayed union) was seen in one case of Group A. Range of motion (ROM) at ankle was not problem in any of the cases except the one delayed union which had 5 degrees of dorsiflexion and 15 degrees of plantiflexion. Conclusion: Open reduction and internal fixation with plate and screws in distal tibial metaphyseal fracture is more economic means of treatment modality with comparable incidence of post-union malalignment and union time,though more soft tissue complications compared to other modalities. Fixation of fibula fracture aids in reducing the incidence of malalignment.

Skeletal muscle uncoupling-induced longevity in mice is linked to increased substrate metabolism and induction of the endogenous antioxidant defense system

2013 ◽  
Vol 304 (5) ◽  
pp. E495-E506 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Keipert ◽  
M. Ost ◽  
A. Chadt ◽  
A. Voigt ◽  
V. Ayala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Redox Signaling ◽  
Defense System ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Substrate Metabolism ◽  
Endogenous Antioxidant

Ectopic expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in skeletal muscle (SM) mitochondria increases lifespan considerably in high-fat diet-fed UCP1 Tg mice compared with wild types (WT). To clarify the underlying mechanisms, we investigated substrate metabolism as well as oxidative stress damage and antioxidant defense in SM of low-fat- and high-fat-fed mice. Tg mice showed an increased protein expression of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase, markers of lipid turnover (p-ACC, FAT/CD36), and an increased SM ex vivo fatty acid oxidation. Surprisingly, UCP1 Tg mice showed elevated lipid peroxidative protein modifications with no changes in glycoxidation or direct protein oxidation. This was paralleled by an induction of catalase and superoxide dismutase activity, an increased redox signaling (MAPK signaling pathway), and increased expression of stress-protective heat shock protein 25. We conclude that increased skeletal muscle mitochondrial uncoupling in vivo does not reduce the oxidative stress status in the muscle cell. Moreover, it increases lipid metabolism and reactive lipid-derived carbonyls. This stress induction in turn increases the endogenous antioxidant defense system and redox signaling. Altogether, our data argue for an adaptive role of reactive species as essential signaling molecules for health and longevity.

COMPARISON OF IMMEDIATE EFFECT ON APPLICATION OF REMOTE SELFMYOFASCIAL RELEASE ON POSTERIOR CHAIN FLEXIBILITY IN ASYMPTOMATIC YOUNG INDIVIDUALS

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Rishika Balani ◽  
Tanvi Patole
Keyword(s):  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Plantar Fascia ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Chain Flexibility ◽  
Myofascial Release ◽  
Outcomes Measures ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Plantar Fascia Release

Aim of study: The aim of the study was to compare the immediate effect on application of remote self- myofascial release on posterior chain exibility in asymptomatic young individuals. Material and Method: 44 subjects were assigned into two groups, Group (A) Plantar fascia release and Group (B) Suboccipital release. Outcomes measures used were Sit and reach test (SRT), Active knee extension test (AKE) and Weight bearing lunge test. Result: There was a signicant difference in SRT and AKE on left side between group A and B. Within the same group there was a signicant improvement in outcome measures post intervention. Conclusion: There was an immediate increase in exibility of the hamstrings, gastrocnemius-soleus muscles and lumbar spine ROM through remote self- myofascial release.

scholarly journals Effect of Weight-Bearing in Conservative and Operative Management of Fractures of the Base of the Fifth Metatarsal Bone

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Yong Park ◽  
Hyong-Nyun Kim ◽  
Yoon-Suk Hyun ◽  
Jun-Sik Park ◽  
Hwan-Jin Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Resorption ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Early Weight Bearing ◽  
Group A ◽  
Vas Scores ◽  
American Orthopaedic ◽  
Group B ◽  
Underlying Diseases

Background. There is no established principle regarding weight-bearing in conservative and operative management of fifth metatarsal base fractures. Methods. We reviewed 86 patients with acute fifth metatarsal base fractures. Conservatively treated late or early weight-bearing patients were assigned to Group A or C, respectively. Operatively treated late or early weight-bearing patients were assigned to Group B or D, respectively. Results were evaluated by clinical union, bone resorption, and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores. Results. All 4 groups had bone union at a mean of 6.9 weeks (range, 5.1–15.0). There were no differences between the groups in the AOFAS and VAS scores. In the early weight-bearing groups, there were fewer cases of bone resorption, and the bone unions periods were earlier. Conclusions. Early weight-bearing may help this patient population. Moreover, conservative treatment could be an option in patients with underlying diseases.

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