Microbial use of podzol Bh fulvic acids

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 677-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Phenol Oxidase ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Iron Complex ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Before And After

A Trichoderma viride, a Penicillium frequentons, and an Aspergillus fumigatus were isolated from fulvic acid enrichment cultures. These and a white rot fungus, Poria subacida 17780, were tested for their ability to decompose fulvic acids (FA) in liquid cultures. All of the organisms tested were totally inhibited by the presence of FA at 1% concentration. The soil isolates brought about transformation of the FA to humic acids. In 48 h, the Poria subacida used 66% of the FA (0.05%) present as the sole source of carbon in static replacement culture, and up to 45% in 24 days in a static culture. Loss of FA was measured by photometry and confirmed by determination of the carbon content of FA precipitated as iron complex before and after attack. Phenol oxidase of the Poria subacida apparently had no role in degradation of the FA but could darken the color of a well-aerated medium through oxidative transformation of FA products.Preliminary studies with cell-free preparations of the P. subacida indicated that the breakdown is initiated by an enzyme present in particulate fraction of the cells and this activity is extended or facilitated by a factor present in the soluble fraction of the cells. FA-cleaving enzymes(s) may thus be available for use in controlled FA degradation studies aimed at characterizing soil humus.

Biodegradation of soil humic acids by Streptomyces viridosporus

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Yanze Kontchou ◽  
Roland Blondeau
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Streptomyces Viridosporus ◽  
Soil Humic Acids

Biodegradation of soil humic acids by Streptomyces viridosporus ATCC 39115 growing in a mineral salts – glucose medium was demonstrated. This biodegradation accompanies bacterial growth and is, therefore, presumed to be a primary metabolic activity, but humic acids were not used as the sole source of carbon. This bacterial activity was enhanced when cells were shaken and within a pH range of 6.5–8.5. In further experiments, the relative abilities of S. viridosporus to mineralize [14C]melanoidin, used as synthetic humic acid, were also established. In contrast to the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium, another microorganism exhibiting humic acid degrading activity at acidic pH, poor extracellular activities were found in culture medium of S. viridosporus, and veratryl alcohol does not result in increased humic acid degradation. In spite of some peroxidase activity measured in culture filtrates and analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the humic acid degrading system of S. viridosporus, in these experimental conditions, seems to be cell associated. Key words: humic acid biodegradation, melanoidin mineralization, Streptomyces viridosporus, cell-bound humic acids.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional X-Ray Imaging and Analysis of Fungi on and in Wood

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Van den Bulcke ◽  
Matthieu Boone ◽  
Joris Van Acker ◽  
Luc Van Hoorebeke
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Fungal Mycelium ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fungal Exposure ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fundamental Research

AbstractAs wood is prone to fungal degradation, fundamental research is necessary to increase our knowledge aiming at product improvement. Several imaging modalities are capable of visualizing fungi, but the X-ray equipment presented in this article can envisage fungal mycelium in wood nondestructively in three dimensions with submicron resolution. Four types of wood subjected to the action of the white rot fungusCoriolus versicolor(Linnaeus) Quélet (CTB 863 A) were scanned using an X-ray-based approach. Comparison of wood volumes before and after fungal exposure, segmented manually or semiautomatically, showed the presence of the fungal mass on and in the wood samples and therefore demonstrated the usefulness of computed X-ray tomography for mycological and wood research. Further improvements to the experimental setup are necessary to resolve individual hyphae and enhance segmentation.

scholarly journals Determination of protonation states of iminosugar–enzyme complexes using photoinduced electron transfer

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 7383-7393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Jacob Ingemar Olsen ◽  
Bo W. Laursen ◽  
Jens Christian Navarro Poulsen ◽  
Mikael Bols
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transfer ◽  
Active Site ◽  
Photoinduced Electron Transfer ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Amino Group ◽  
Enzyme Complexes

N-alkylated analogues of 1-deoxynojirimycin inhibit β-glucosidase from white rot fungus. The amino group in the β-glucosidase–iminosugar complex is unprotonated when bound, while an active site carboxylate is protonated.

scholarly journals Possibility to Biotransform Anthracyclines by Peroxidases Produced by Bjerkandera adusta CCBAS 930 with Reduction of Geno- and Cytotoxicity and Pro-Oxidative Activity

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 462
Author(s):  
Kamila Rybczyńska-Tkaczyk ◽  
Teresa Korniłłowicz-Kowalska ◽  
Konrad A. Szychowski
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Vibrio Fischeri ◽  
Human Fibroblasts ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Anthracycline Antibiotics ◽  
Anthraquinone Dyes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Lepidium Sativum L

The aim of this study was to evaluate the bioremoval mechanism of anthracycline antibiotics by the white-rot fungus B. adusta CCBAS 930. The activity of oxidoreductases and levels of phenolic compounds and free radicals were determined during the biotransformation of anthraquinone antibiotics: daunomycin (DNR) and doxorubicin (DOX) by B. adusta strain CCBAS 930. Moreover, phytotoxicity (Lepidium sativum L.), ecotoxicity (Vibrio fischeri), genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of anthraquinone dyes were evaluated before and after biological treatment. More than 80% and 90% of DNR and DOX were removed by biodegradation (decolorization). Initial solutions of DNR and DOX were characterized by eco-, phyto-, geno- and cytotoxicity. Despite efficient decolorization, secondary metabolites, toxic to bacteria, formed during biotransformation of anthracycline antibiotics in B. adusta CCBAS 930 cultures. DNR and DOX metabolites did not increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in human fibroblasts and resazurin reduction. DNR metabolites did not change caspase-3 activity.

scholarly journals Biotechnological Approaches to Facilitate Gold Recovery from Double Refractory Gold Ores

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Sasaki ◽  
Kojo T. Konadu
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Gold Recovery ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Carbonaceous Matter ◽  
Refractory Gold ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Pollutant Gases

Double refractory gold ore (DRGO) not only include ppt levels of gold grains locked in sulfide minerals but also a problematic amount of carbonaceous matter. This causes a significant recovery loss of gold during cyanidation because of the strong affinity of the Au(CN)2 − with the carbonaceous matter. Combustion decreases the carbonaceous matter content, but also emits pollutant gases like CO2, SO2 and As2O3. Therefore, environmentally-friendly solutions have been explored by using biotechnology. Due to the very small amount of the above targets in the ore, it is challenging to show evidential changes in solid-phase before and after the biomineral processing of DRGO. This chapter introduces the mineralogical and chemical changes in the various solid residues produced during a sequential biotreatment, consisting of the liberation of gold from sulfides by an iron-oxidizer and decomposition of carbonaceous matter by lignin-degrading enzymes (lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, laccase) secreted from a white rot-fungus, which successfully improved of gold recovery to over 90%. In addition, further development of biotechnology in the recovery of gold from DRGO is addressed.

scholarly journals The use of Phanerochaete chrysosporium for modification of bentonite for preconcentration and determination of heavy metals

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sevgi Kocaoba ◽  
Mehtap Duman Parlak ◽  
Munevver Arisoy
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Sorption Data ◽  
Metal Biosorption

AbstractIn this study, a solid phase extraction method was successfully applied in the preconcentration and determination of trace levels of Cu(II) and Cd(II) ions and Phanerochaete chrysosporium (white rot fungus) modified bentonite was used as adsorbent. After the biosorption of Cu(II) and Cd(II) ions, metal concentrations in the samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. pH, adsorbent amount, eluent type, sample volume, and flow rate, which are effective in the adsorption of metal ions, have been studied. 1 M HCl was used for desorption of these metal ions retained (recovery 95–100%). In addition, the effect of interfered ions has also been investigated. Sorption data were examined according to Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption equations. The results obtained show that the applied method has a high metal biosorption capacity, and Cu(II) and Cd(II) ions are successfully recovered. It was also successful in applying the proposed enrichment method to real water samples.Recovery values between 92.3% and 97.3% were obtained for the studied metal ions. According to the results, the proposed method can be successfully applied to water analysis at 95% confidence interval.

The mycelial response of the white-rot fungus, Schizophyllum commune to the biocontrol agent, Trichoderma viride

2012 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor C. Ujor ◽  
Monia Monti ◽  
Diluka Gayani Peiris ◽  
Mark Owen Clements ◽  
John Norman Hedger
Keyword(s):  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Schizophyllum Commune ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus
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