Relations entre des indicateurs de croissance du sapin baumier en début d'épidémie et sa vulnérabilité à la tordeuse des bourgeons de l'épinette

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1292-1302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Thibault ◽  
Jean Bégin ◽  
Louis Bélanger
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
The State ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Probability Models ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Linear Probability ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
The Impact

Integrated pest management strategies for the spruce budworm (Choristoneurafumiferana (Clem.)) give high priority to preventive silvicultural treatments that increase the vigour of balsam fir stands to decrease their vulnerability. The aim of this study was to determine to which extent the survival probability of individual balsam firs (Abiesbalsamea L.), during the last budworm outbreak (1974–1986), was related to some growth rate indicators evaluated at the beginning of the outbreak. The study was carried out in two permanent study sites, established initially to follow the impact of precommercial thinnings on growth and yield in young boreal fir stands in eastern Quebec: the area of Lake Matapédia, thinned in 1968 and protected by chemical insecticides, and the area of Lake Huit-Milles, thinned in 1960 and not protected. Discriminant logistic models, based on tree diameters in 1976 and diameter growth rates between 1968 and 1976, were used to determine if it was possible to discriminate the state of the trees (living or dead) at the end of the outbreak. Using Dagnelie's transformation of the logistic model, we produced linear probability models that were called survival thresholds. In the protected study area (Lake Matapédia), the models correctly predicted the state of 81% of the individual trees in 1989 for the validation sample. In the unprotected stands (Lake Huit-Milles), we observed a higher position of the survival thresholds following higher defoliation levels. The relationship between tree growth indicators and tree vulnerability is stronger when defoliation levels are low to moderate, but is clearly weaker when defoliation is severe. At high levels of defoliation and without insecticide spraying programs, even vigourous trees become vulnerable.

scholarly journals China's Rural Migrant Workers, the State, and Labor Politics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Chan ◽  
Mark Selden
Keyword(s):  
Migrant Workers ◽  
The State ◽  
Labor Politics ◽  
Rural Migrant ◽  
Industrial Labor ◽  
Class Power ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rural Migrant Workers

The proletarianization of rural migrants is distinctive to contemporary China's development model, in which the state has fostered the growth of a “semi-proletariat” numbering more than 200 million to fuel labor-intensive industries and urbanization. Drawing on fieldwork in Guangdong and Sichuan provinces between 2010 and 2014, supplemented with scholarly studies and government surveys, the authors analyze the precarity and the individual and collective struggles of a new generation of rural migrant workers. They present an analysis of high and growing levels of labor conflict at a time when the previous domination of state enterprises has given way to the predominance of migrant workers as the core of an expanding industrial labor force. In particular, the authors assess the significance of the growing number of legal and extra-legal actions taken by workers within a framework that highlights the deep contradictions among labor, capital, and the Chinese state. They also discuss the impact of demographic changes and geographic shifts of population and production on the growth of working-class power in the workplace and the marketplace.

scholarly journals Methods of Ukrainian labor migrants reintegration in the context of state migration policy

2019 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
Liubomyr ROMAN
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The reintegration of migrant workers is the renewal and accelerated development of ties between the individual and the society, the economic and cultural systems, the restoration of the impact of the individual on socio-economic, socio-cultural and political processes and phenomena, increasing participation in the processes of sustainable development on the basis of introducing elements of economic culture countries of pre-migration. The methodological bases for improving the mechanisms of reintegration of labor migrants should be assessed on the basis of available political and legal support. The problem of labor migration has now taken on a national scale, which brings it out of the limits of the influence of any organization, cluster or individual state authority. The formulation of a strategy for regulating labor migration should be made on the basis of the status of this problem as a national one, therefore, requiring macroeconomic regulation, which will be supported by a strong institutional and regulatory framework. The purpose of the paper is to substantiate the method of reintegration of Ukrainian labor migrants in the context of state migration policy. Results. Theoretical aspects of reintegration of labor migrants are covered. The content analysis of the legal acts of the President of Ukraine is carried out. A number of significant legal acts that have or can have a significant impact on state migration policy are characterized. The peculiarities of the functioning of the central executive body, which implements the state policy in the sphere of migration, and the recent changes in determining the range of subjects of formation and implementation of the state policy in the sphere of labor migration are analyzed. The importance of regulating the issue of investments earned during the emigration of funds into the national economy is substantiated. Conclusion. According to the conducted research, the method of reintegration of Ukrainian labor migrants in the context of the state migration policy is formed under the influence of debates about the factors, directions and forms of support of the respective processes by the state authorities. We believe that the main disadvantage of reintegration institutional support is the lack of a unified approach to the role and importance of repatriates for the sustainable development of the national economy. In our opinion, this approach should be consolidated in the form of the Law of Ukraine with a clear definition of the subjects of assistance to repatriation and reintegration of labor migrants, as well as to strengthen with additional measures of informational, organizational character, tax privileges for investing the money earned abroad for search, development of employers of skilled migrant workers returning to Ukraine.

Researching Telework

2000 ◽  
pp. 255-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole B. Ellison
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Home Based ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

This chapter examines the state of the art in telework research. The author reviews the most central scholarly literature examining the phenomenon of telework (also called home-based work or telecommuting) and develops a framework for organizing this body of work. She organizes previous research on telework into six major thematic concerns relating to the definition, measurement, and scope of telework; management of teleworkers; travel-related impacts of telework; organizational culture and employee isolation; boundaries between “home” and “work” and the impact of telework on the individual and the family. Areas for future research are suggested.

Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: Management on the Inpatient Psychiatric Unit

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-26
Author(s):  
Laurie M. Timberlake ◽  
Linda S. Beeber ◽  
Grace Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Dialectical Behavior Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Models Of Care ◽  
Inpatient Setting ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Effective Models ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nonsuicidal Self Injury

BACKGROUND. Between 4% to 70% of inpatients engage in self-harming behaviors and effective interventions are needed to address this population. AIM. This article reviews literature from 2007 to 2017 to address treatment and management strategies specific for the treatment of nonsuicidal self-injury in the inpatient psychiatric setting. METHODS. Cochrane, PsycINFO, PubMed, and CINAHL were searched for relevant articles with 34 studies reviewed for applicability to the question, and 9 parsed into a summary of Findings table. RESULTS. Therapeutic approaches that show promise include cognitive behavioral therapy, dialectical behavior therapy, and mentalization as well as medications that act on the serotonergic, dopaminergic, and opioid systems. Effective models of care aim toward enhancing therapeutic relationships with staff, providers, and most important, encouraging the internal shift toward recovery within the patient. CONCLUSIONS. More research with controlled designs in the inpatient setting is needed, however, regardless of which approach is used, the impact of the individual caregiver on the patient’s recovery is key.

Drought relief schemes for the 'Pastoral Zone'.

1982 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
IB Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Primary Industry ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Consensus View ◽  
Spatial Diversification ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

In this article I have attempted to firstly provide a consensus view of graziers to sound drought strategies; secondly, outline Government policies or action directed towards assisting graziers affected by drought; and finally, address the subject of drought policy as it relates to conservation of the rangeland resource. Drought strategies discussed include pre-drought (e.g. fodder reserves, conservative stocking), longer term (e.g. increasing property size, spatial diversification of grazing blocks) and in-drought (e.g. reduce stock numbers early in drought). Grounds for Government intervention and aid for drought affected producers are analysed with regard to both the individual farmer's needs and the impact nationally of low return from a drought-affected primary industry. Aspects discussed include provision of better infrastructure (e.g, new roads), taxation concessions, a National Drought Fodder Reserve, land tenure policy, the Rural Adjust- ment Scheme and credit and freight concessions. From the conservation viewpoint, it is pointed out that officially declared 'droughts' occur too frequently and there are no incentives for graziers to either act early before a drought becomes firmly established or to delay re-stocking after the drought has broken. It is concluded that a balance between in-drought assistance and long term assistance needs to be struck, and that drought policies should be directed towards 'good' management strategies. If this can be achieved then primary producers should be less dependent on relief schemes.

Review of Common Management Strategies for Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis

1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Chan
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Active Role ◽  
World Health ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Promotion Strategy ◽  
Fatigue Management ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Fatigue is the most common symptom experienced by individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS), regardless of their disability level or the severity of the disease. The Fatigue Severity Scale and the Fatigue Impact Scale are standardized tools designed to measure the impact of fatigue on an individual's life. In addition to the use of medications, other fatigue management strategies include education, modification of activities and environment, compensation, and participation in physical exercises. Because the patient is required to take an active role in the implementation of these fatigue management strategies, his or her sense of control in disease management is enhanced, resulting in empowerment of the individual. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), empowerment is a health-promotion strategy for the individual and for populations. Therefore, having options and control in fatigue management is empowering and promotes health for individuals with MS.

Formation of the Economic Model and the Impact of Economic Factors on the Health of Russian Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 2557
Author(s):  
Tamara G. ROMANOVA ◽  
Valentina D. BATOMUNKUEVA ◽  
Tatiana K. GYRGENOVA ◽  
Nataliya V. MONGOLOVA ◽  
Roman Zh. TSYDYPOV
Keyword(s):  
Federal District ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Public Benefit ◽  
Level Model ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

The article is about the influence of economic factors on the health quality of the population as a public benefit. Health of the individual has an important role in national economy, both in processes of formation of public health, and in reproduction of quality of a manpower. The review of the indicators of evaluation test of health of the population applied in the Russian practice is given in article. Health of the population and economy of the state have close interrelation and interdependence: not only the economy influences health of the population, but also health of the population affects the economy of the state. The technique allowing to assess economic damages from loss of health on the basis of which economic losses from mortality of the population at working-age in Siberian Federal District are estimated is presented. The economic three-level model of health upgrading of the population allows to reveal paths of health upgrading for improvement of economy in the country is developed. The three-level model reflects preventive character with obligatory selection of the measures accompanying achievement of the main task – to upgrade the population health as the public benefit and to increase the level of economy.

scholarly journals Managing the transition to non-driving in patients with dementia in primary care settings: facilitators and barriers reported by primary care physicians

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 1419-1428 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Scott ◽  
J. Liddle ◽  
N. A. Pachana ◽  
E. Beattie ◽  
G. K. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Driving Cessation ◽  
Major Life ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Primary Care Practices ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTObjectives:This research addresses dementia and driving cessation, a major life event for affected individuals, and an immense challenge in primary care. In Australia, as with many other countries, it is primarily general practitioners (GPs) who identify changes in cognitive functioning and monitor driving issues with their patients with dementia. Qualitative evidence from studies with family members and other health professionals shows it is a complicated area of practice. However we still know little from GPs about how they manage the challenges with their patients and the strategies that they use to facilitate driving cessation.Methods:Data were collected through five focus groups with 29 GPs at their primary care practices in metropolitan and regional Queensland, Australia. A semi-structured topic guide was used to direct questions addressing decision factors and management strategies. Discussions were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analyzed.Results:Regarding the challenges of raising driving cessation, four key themes emerged. These included: (i) Considering the individual; (ii) GP-patient relationships may hinder or help; (iii) Resources to support raising driver retirement; and (iv) Ethical dilemmas and ethical considerations. The impact of discussing driving cessation on GPs is discussed.Conclusions:The findings of this study contribute to further understanding the experiences and needs of primary care physicians related to managing driving retirement with their patients with dementia. Results support a need for programs regarding identification and assessment of fitness to drive, to upskill health professionals and particularly GPs to manage the complex issues around dementia and driving cessation, and explore cost-effective and timely delivery of such support to patients.

Links Between Chronic Illness and Late-Life Cognition: Evidence From Four Latin American Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana P. Socal ◽  
Antonio J. Trujillo
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Probability Models ◽  
Linear Probability ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: We explored the links between chronic diseases and cognitive ability using datasets of community-dwelling older adults from Brazil, Chile, Mexico, and Uruguay from the SABE (Health, Well-Being, and Aging) survey. Methods: Ordinary least squares (OLS), Tobit and linear probability models, adjusting for extensive health and socio-demographic factors, were implemented separately for men and women and complemented by a series of robustness checks. Results: We find a negative association between the number of chronic conditions and cognitive decline that has the following characteristics: (a) differs across gender, (b) increases with the number of chronic conditions, (c) is larger among those individuals in the bottom of the cognitive distribution, (d) and is different across types of chronic conditions. Discussion: These results suggest that returns from preventive policies to reduce cognitive decline would increase if they were targeted to seniors with chronic conditions and implemented before the impact from multiple comorbidities makes the cognitive decline too steep to be reversed.

Medical Equipment Management Strategies

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binseng Wang ◽  
Emanuel Furst ◽  
Ted Cohen ◽  
Ode R. Keil ◽  
Malcolm Ridgway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Organizations ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Clinical Engineering ◽  
Electrical Safety ◽  
Equipment Management ◽  
Equipment Failure ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Therapeutic Decisions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Clinical engineering professionals need to continually review and improve their management strategies in order to keep up with improvements in equipment technology, as well as with increasing expectations of health care organizations. In the last 20 years, management strategies have evolved from the initial obsession with electrical safety to flexible criteria that fit the individual institution's needs. Few hospitals, however, are taking full advantage of the paradigm shift offered by the evolution of Joint Commission standards. The focus should be on risks caused by equipment failure, rather than on equipment with highest maintenance demands. Furthermore, it is not enough to consider risks posed by individual pieces of equipment to individual patients. It is critical to anticipate the impact of an equipment failure on larger groups of patients, especially when dealing with one of a kind, sophisticated pieces of equipment that are required to provide timely and accurate diagnoses for immediate therapeutic decisions or surgical interventions. A strategy for incorporating multiple criteria to formulate appropriate management strategies is provided in this article.

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