Role of free radicals in catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 1390-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Singal ◽  
N. Kapur ◽  
K. S. Dhillon ◽  
R. E. Beamish ◽  
N. S. Dhalla
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Creatine Phosphate ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamin ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Increase Membrane Permeability ◽  
Induced Changes

Effects of an antioxidant, vitamin E, and a membrane stabilizing agent, zinc, were examined on the isoproterenol-induced changes in the rat myocardium. Isoproterenol treatment (80 mg/kg given over 2 days in two equal doses) caused arrhythmias and 25% mortality within 24 h of the last injection. The ultrastructural changes in the subendocardium and in focal areas of the subepicardium included swelling of mitochondria, loss of myofibrils, cell necrosis, fibrosis, and infiltration of the affected areas by polymorphonucleocytes. Both creatine phosphate and adenosine triphosphate levels were markedly decreased in hearts from isoproterenol-treated animals. Pretreatment of the animals with vitamin E (10 mg∙kg−1∙day−1 for 2 weeks) or zinc (10 mg/kg ZnSO4, twice a day for 7 days) prevented these deleterious effects of isoproterenol. Animals maintained on vitamin E deficient diet for 8 weeks were found to be more sensitive to isoproterenol-induced changes and this increased sensitivity was reversed by a 2-week feeding of the animals on the normal diet coupled with vitamin E treatment. Based on the data obtained in this study it is proposed that catecholamine-induced changes may involve free radicals, which by promoting lipid peroxidation may increase membrane permeability and lead to the development of cardiomyopathy.

Biochemical Basis of Heart Function. IV. Energy Metabolism and Calcium Transport in Hearts of Vitamin E Deficient Rats

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 909-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Fedelesova ◽  
Prakash V. Sulakhe ◽  
John C. Yates ◽  
Naranjan S. Dhalla
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Adenine Nucleotides ◽  
Creatine Phosphate ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Vitamin E Deficiency ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Cardiac Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Biochemical Basis

Feeding a vitamin E deficient diet to rats for 10 weeks was found to decrease myocardial creatine phosphate, ATP, ATP/ADP ratio, NAD+, NADP+, and NADPH, whereas the level of ADP was increased without any changes in the levels of AMP, total adenine nucleotides, NADH, and ATP/AMP ratio. The levels of ATP and pyridine nucleotides were restored fully, whereas creatine phosphate was restored partially on feeding a normal diet for 4 weeks to animals previously on the vitamin E deficient diet for 10 weeks. Vitamin E deficiency was found to increase cardiac lactate, pyruvate, and lactate/pyruvate ratio and decrease the activities of lactate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase. The activity of Na+–K+-stimulated, ouabain-sensitive ATPase was markedly elevated in the hearts of animals on the vitamin E deficient diet. The ATP-dependent calcium accumulation by the sarcoplasmic reticular fraction in the absence and presence of P1 or oxalate was greater in the vitamin E deficient heart. Vitamin E deficiency also increased the Ca2+-stimulated ATPase activity of the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum. Although myocardial contractility of the hearts from vitamin E deficient rats was depressed, no damage to the ultrastructures of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum was apparent. These results indicate marked alterations in myocardial metabolism due to vitamin E deficiency and it is suggested that such changes are due to abnormalities in the processes of both energy production and utilization.

Biochemical Alterations in the Skeletal Muscle of Vitamin E Deficient Rats

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 1202-1208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naranjan S. Dhalla ◽  
Margaret Fedelesova ◽  
Ivan Toffler
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Energy State ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Creatine Phosphate ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
Leg Muscles ◽  
Glycerophosphate Dehydrogenase

Rats were fed a vitamin E deficient diet for 5–10 weeks and the energy state of the hind leg muscle was examined. Both creatine phosphate and ATP were decreased by 64 and 22% of the control values, respectively, in the skeletal muscles of rats on the vitamin E deficient diet for 10 weeks, whereas ADP was increased by more than 100% without any significant changes in the level of AMP. The ratios ATP/ADP and ATP/AMP also declined markedly in the hind leg muscles of the rats on the vitamin E deficient diet for 10 weeks. The concentrations of NAD+ and NADPH decreased, whereas no significant changes in the levels of NADH and NADP+ were observed in the muscles of vitamin E deficient animals. Feeding a normal diet for 4 weeks to rats previously on the vitamin E deficient diet was found to restore the energy state of the muscle towards normal. Although no changes in the ultrastructure of the skeletal muscle were apparent, the levels of lactate and pyruvate as well as the lactate/pyruvate ratio were increased in vitamin E deficiency. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase were decreased whereas α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase activity did not change significantly. These results indicate a dramatic alteration in skeletal muscle metabolism of vitamin E deficient rats. It is suggested that such a change may partly be due to a defect in the process of energy production.

scholarly journals Free radicals and vitamin antioxidants in health and lung diseases

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-52
Author(s):  
Narayan Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamin ◽  
The Impact

Several lung diseases have undergone oxidative stress due to free radical insult. Consequently, antioxidant vitamin C and vitamin E play important role in defense against cellular injury by scavenging free radicals. This article reviews the potential mechanism of free radicals generation and vitamin antioxidant defense to link amongst various lung diseases. One of the manifestations of free radical mediated process is lipid peroxidation subsequently producing malondialdehyde (MDA) in these patients. Supplementation of vitamin C and vitamin E as an adjuvant therapy as well as high intake of fresh fruits and vegetables appear to have a beneficial effect on lung health. Moreover, their consumption should be recommended on a daily basis. Further studies are needed to assess the impact of antioxidants as an adjuvant therapy in patients with lung diseases.

Modulation of calcium by the carcinogenic process in the liver induced by a choline-deficient diet

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amiya K. Ghoshal ◽  
Ezio Laconi ◽  
Frederick Willemsen ◽  
Amit Ghoshal ◽  
Thomas H. Rushmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Liver Cell ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Triglyceride Accumulation ◽  
Dna Alterations ◽  
Preneoplastic Foci ◽  
Carcinogenic Process ◽  
Induced Changes

A diet devoid of choline and low in methionine (CD), without any added carcinogen, has been shown to induce 100% preneoplastic nodules and more than 50% cancer in the rat liver. Attempts to understand the mechanism by which a CD diet induces liver cell cancer revealed that like chemical carcinogens, a CD diet also appears to cause alterations in DNA, perhaps mediated by free radicals. Indeed, a CD diet induces nuclear lipid peroxidation prior to the changes in DNA. The CD diet induced DNA alterations coupled with continuing liver cell proliferation may account for the induction of initiated hepatocytes by the CD diet. To gain insight into the nature of free radicals generated by the CD diet, experiments were designed to determine whether agents that modulate free radical effects influence the CD diet induced changes in the liver. We investigated the effect of Ca2+ in the modulation of CD diet induced alterations in the liver. The results show that extra Ca2+ when added to the CD diet prevented some of the early changes due to choline deficiency, such as nuclear lipid peroxidation and DNA damage, but had little or no effect on the triglyceride accumulation in the liver. Also, the same CD diet with extra Ca2+, when used as a promoter after initiation by diethylnitrosamine, decreased the number and size of early putative preneoplastic foci and nodules.

Inhibition of Autoimmune Deterioration in MRL/lpr Mice by Vitamin E

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weimann ◽  
Hermann
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamin ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
Serum Amyloid P Component ◽  
Dna Antibodies ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cell Subpopulations ◽  
Amyloid P

The potential of the antioxidant vitamin E to modulate the progress of the SLE-like (systemic lupus erythematosus) autoimmune disease in MRL/MP-lpr/lpr (MRL/lpr) mice is described. Mice were orally supplemented with 0.4 mg vitamin E per day 5 times per week from week 8 of age onwards and compared with mice on a commercial or a vitamin E-deficient diet. Supplementation with vitamin E extended the mean survival time from 157 to 196 days; the massive spleen and lymph node enlargements were reduced; mitogenic responses of B and T cells were normalized; the abnormal differentiation patterns of thymic and splenic cell subpopulations were changed; titers of anti-double stranded DNA antibodies, concentrations of serum amyloid P component (SAP, an acute phase protein), and proteinuria were reduced. The results indicate that vitamin E beneficially affects the development of the SLE-like disease in MRL/lpr mice suggesting a possible measure to reduce human SLE and probably various other autoimmune diseases in humans as well.

Liver Histological Improvement After Administration of High-Dose Vitamin C in Guinea Pig with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 263-269
Author(s):  
Seong-Hoon Park ◽  
A Lum Han ◽  
Na-Hyung Kim ◽  
Sae-Ron Shin
Keyword(s):  
Liver Biopsy ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
Guinea Pigs ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Histological Improvement ◽  
Vit C

Abstract. Background: Vitamin C is a strong antioxidant, and the health effects of vitamin C megadoses have not been validated despite the apparent health benefits. Therefore, the present study sought to confirm the effects of vitamin C megadoses. Materials and Methods : Four groups of six guinea pigs were used. Each group was fed one of the following diets for three weeks: normal diet, methionine choline-deficient diet, methionine choline-deficient diet + vitamin C megadose (MCD + vit C 2.5 g/kg/day), and methionine-choline deficient diet + ursodeoxycholic acid (MCD + UDCA 30 mg/kg/day). The MCD diet was given to induce nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and UDCA was used to treat nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Three weeks after initial diet administration, the results of biochemical tests and liver biopsy were compared between the groups. Results: The cytoplasm state was similar in the MCD + vit C and MCD + UDCA groups, exhibiting clearing of the cytoplasm and ballooning degeneration. However, macrovesicular steatosis was not observed in the MCD + vit C group. Aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase were elevated significantly following vitamin C administration. Conclusions: The present study confirmed that alone vitamin C megadoses are potential remedies for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, based on the liver biopsy results of guinea pigs that were unable to synthesize vitamin C.

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Vitamin E - A Promising Relationship?

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
Alexandra Totan ◽  
Daniela Gabriela Balan ◽  
Daniela Miricescu ◽  
Radu Radulescu ◽  
Iulia Ioana Stanescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Plga Nanoparticles ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
High Caloric Diet

Oxidative stress (OS) plays an important role in NAFLD molecular mechanism. Nanoencapsulation represents a novel strategy to enhance therapeutic potential of conventional drugs. Our study analyses the encapsulated vitamin E effect on lipid metabolism and oxidative stress biomarkers in NAFLD rats. Animals were divided into 3 groups : G1 - the normal diet group; G2- the high caloric diet group ; G3 - high-caloric diet group receiving PLGA-vit E, 50 mg / kg. Serum advanced human oxidative protein (AOPP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and vitamin E were analysed using ELISA technique. Our results showed significant increase of G2 GPT, ALP, GGT, TG, glucose, TC and AOPP, versus G1 ( P [ 0.05) and a significant decrease of G2 serum TAC and vitamin E versus G1 results ( p = 0.01 and 0.01). Vitamin E nanoparticles (G3) caused a significant increase of TAC and significant decrease of serum AOPP, versus G2 (p [ 0.01). Results showed a significant reduction of GPT, GGT, ALP, TG and total cholesterol ( p [0.05) in G3 versus G2. PLGA nanoparticles should be considered an attractive and promising alternative to improve the bioavailability and biological activity of vitaminE.

Feeding antioxidant vitamin and vegetable oils to broilers: vitamin E reduced negative effect of soybean oil on immune response and meat lipid oxidation

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1829
Author(s):  
M. Mohiti-Asli ◽  
M. Ghanaatparast-Rashti
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Canola Oil ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamin

This study investigated the effect of feeding vitamin E, vitamin C, and two sources of vegetable oil on immune response and meat quality of broilers. A total of 320 one-day-old chicks were used in a completely randomised design with eight treatments arranged as a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial with two levels of vitamin E (0 and 200 mg/kg), two levels of vitamin C (0 and 1000 mg/kg), and two sources of vegetable oil (soybean and canola). Dietary supplementation of either vitamin E or C increased (P < 0.05) secondary humoral response, whereas oil sources had no significant effect. Broilers fed soybean oil had lower cellular response to the phytohemagglutinin skin test than those fed canola oil in diet, and supplementation of vitamin E increased cellular immune response. However, fat, cholesterol and pH of meat were not affected by source of oil or antioxidants, lipid oxidation was higher (P < 0.05) in thigh and breast meat of broilers fed soybean oil than canola oil. Dietary supplementation of vitamin E decreased (P < 0.05) lipid oxidation in thigh and breast of broilers fed diet containing soybean oil, without any effect on meat oxidation of those fed canola oil. Dietary supplementation of vitamin C increased lipid oxidation in thigh meat of broilers (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that inclusion of soybean oil to the diet, compared with canola oil, increased need for antioxidant. Vitamin E had beneficial effects on immune response and reduced meat lipid oxidation; nonetheless future studies should explore the antioxidant effect of vitamin C in stored meat.

Seizure-induced changes in energy metabolites and effects of N-tert-butyl-α-phenylnitrone (PNB) and vitamin E in rats

2000 ◽  
Vol 440 (S1) ◽  
pp. R160-R162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh C. Gupta ◽  
Dejan Milatovic ◽  
Marko Zivin ◽  
Wolf-D. Dettbarn
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Energy Metabolites ◽  
Tert Butyl ◽  
Induced Changes
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