Acid rain and soil

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 991-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. W. VanLoon
Keyword(s):  
Acid Rain ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Properties Of Soil ◽  
Soil Exchange Complex

A summary of important chemical properties of soil is given and the way in which acid rain may affect these properties is discussed. Acid rain may suppress microbiological decomposition and nitrification processes, thus influencing the nutrient status of soils. It has also been found that soil organic matter is less soluble in more acid solutions. Changed nutrient availability patterns are predicted in a low pH environment and enhanced leaching of essential elements from the soil exchange complex has been observed. Increased solubility of potentially toxic elements such as aluminium may also occur from soils which have been exposed to acidified rainfall.

scholarly journals Pollution Characteristics, Distribution and Ecological Risk of Potentially Toxic Elements in Soils from an Abandoned Coal Mine Area in Southwestern China

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
Libo Pan ◽  
Xiao Guan ◽  
Bo Liu ◽  
Yanjun Chen ◽  
Ying Pei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
The Other ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Background Values

Acid mine drainage (AMD) from abandoned coal mines can lead to serious environmental problems due to its low pH and high concentrations of potentially toxic elements. In this study, soil pH, sulfur (S) content, and arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and mercury (Hg) concentrations were measured in 27 surface soil samples from areas in which coal-mining activities ceased nine years previously in Youyu Catchment, Guizhou Province, China. The soil was acidic, with a mean pH of 5.28. Cadmium was the only element with a mean concentration higher than the national soil quality standard. As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn, Mn, Cr, and Fe concentrations were all higher than the background values in Guizhou Province. This was especially true for the Cd, Cu, and Fe concentrations, which were 1.69, 1.95, and 12.18 times their respective background values. The geoaccumulation index of Cd and Fe was present at unpolluted to moderately polluted and heavily polluted levels, respectively, indicating higher pollution levels than for the other elements in the study area. Spatially, significantly high Fe and S concentrations, as well as extremely low pH values, were found in the soils of the AMD sites; however, sites where tributaries merged with the Youyu River (TM) had the highest Cd pollution level. Iron originated mainly from non-point sources (e.g., AMD and coal gangues), while AMD and agricultural activity were the predominant sources of Cd. The results of an eco-risk assessment indicated that Cd levels presented a moderate potential ecological risk, while the other elements all posed a low risk. For the TM sites, the highest eco-risk was for Cd, with levels that could be harmful for aquatic organisms in the wet season, and may endanger human health via the food chain.

Fertility Status of Selected Agricultural Soils Along Major Roads in Nasarawa Eggon and Doma Areas of Nasarawa State, North Central, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Onwuka ◽  
J. M. Nwaedozie ◽  
E. H. Kwon – Dung ◽  
P. T. Terna
Keyword(s):  
Plant Uptake ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
High Rate

Soil nutrient status determines its crop productivity and provide basis for appropriate soil management. The soil samples which spread across the agricultural farms along major roads in Nasarawa Eggon and Doma areas of Nasarawa State, Nigeria; were analyzed for both physical and chemical properties. Most of the studied Nasarawa Eggon and Doma soils were extremely acidic. Textural class showed high sand content (>80) of the investigated soils, indicating possible high rate of water infiltration in these soils which will lead to their low water holding capacity. The organic carbon (OC) contents in both locations, were rated high as it varied from 1.50 to 1.85 %, whereas total nitrogen (TN) levels ranged from 0.07 to 0.21 % in the studied soils. The levels of available P, Ca, K and Mg were inadequate for satisfactory plant growth, considering their respective critical level established for Nigerian soils. Mineral analysis showed the presence of essential elements such as S, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Co, Mo and Zn. Beneficial/functional elements such as Ti, V, Rb and Sr, were found in significant quantities in the investigated soils of both studied areas. Thus, Potential K and Ca deficiency could be greatly compensated by Rb and Sr uptake. The quantities of non – beneficial elements such as Sn, Sb, Te, Cs, Ba and Sc were significant in soils from Nasarawa Eggon but were insignificant in Doma soils. Thus, this study revealed that nutrient content of the soil differs from the nutrient availability for plant uptake and the fertility of investigated soils in both locations depended on the soil pH and textural class. Also, the conditions of the soils at both studied locations, are unfavourable for plant uptake of certain important nutrients and could lead to low crop yields if there is no effective nutrient and soil management.

Human exposure to potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from the soybean beverages consumption

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubio Carmen ◽  
Paz Soraya ◽  
Angel J. Gutiérrez ◽  
González-Weller Dailos ◽  
Martín Raquel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Human Exposure ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Optical Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Toxic Risk

Plant-based beverages have been positioned as an alternative to cow's milk. One of the most consumed plant-based beverages are those made with soybeans. Soybean beverages may be an important source of essential elements. However, the soybean plant is exposed to high amounts of contaminants from the soil and the environment, such as toxic metals. For this reason, the objective of this study is to determine the content of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) (Fe, Cu, Cr, Co, Mn, Mo, Zn, B, Ba, Ni , Li, Sr, V, Al, Cd, Pb) in order to evaluate the human exposure and the toxic risk from the consumption of these products. A total of 40 samples of different brands of soybean beverages were analyzed by ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectroscopy). The most notable PTEs is Al (3.93 mg/L), followed by Fe (1.91 mg/L) and Ba (0.69 mg/L). Considering a mean consumption of two serving per day (250 mL/serving), soybean beverages would contribute to the dietary intake of essential elements such as Fe and Mn. This consumption would mean considerable percentages of contribution to the maximum intakes of Al and Pb, which do not exceed the maximum values ​​indicated, but in cases of higher consumption these values could be exceeded with the consequent risk to public health.

scholarly journals Sustainable Soil Washing: Shredded Card Filtration of Potentially Toxic Elements after Leaching from Soil Using Organic Acid Solutions

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e0149882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Ash ◽  
Ondřej Drábek ◽  
Václav Tejnecký ◽  
Jan Jehlička ◽  
Ninon Michon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acid ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Soil Washing ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Acid Solutions

scholarly journals Towards a Soil Remediation Strategy Using Biochar: Effects on Soil Chemical Properties and Bioavailability of Potentially Toxic Elements

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Fotis Bilias ◽  
Thomai Nikoli ◽  
Dimitrios Kalderis ◽  
Dionisios Gasparatos
Keyword(s):  
Soil Remediation ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Remediation Strategy ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Remediation Strategies

Soil contamination with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is considered one of the most severe environmental threats, while among remediation strategies, research on the application of soil amendments has received important consideration. This review highlights the effects of biochar application on soil properties and the bioavailability of potentially toxic elements describing research areas of intense current and emerging activity. Using a visual scientometric analysis, our study shows that between 2019 and 2020, research sub-fields like earthworm activities and responses, greenhouse gass emissions, and low molecular weight organic acids have gained most of the attention when biochar was investigated for soil remediation purposes. Moreover, biomasses like rice straw, sewage sludge, and sawdust were found to be the most commonly used feedstocks for biochar production. The effect of biochar on soil chemistry and different mechanisms responsible for PTEs’ immobilization with biochar, are also briefly reported. Special attention is also given to specific PTEs most commonly found at contaminated soils, including Cu, Zn, Ni, Cr, Pb, Cd, and As, and therefore are more extensively revised in this paper. This review also addresses some of the issues in developing innovative methodologies for engineered biochars, introduced alongside some suggestions which intend to form a more focused soil remediation strategy.

scholarly journals Dietary Intake of Essential, Toxic, and Potentially Toxic Elements from Mussels (Mytilus spp.) in the Spanish Population: A Nutritional Assessment

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángel Rodríguez-Hernández ◽  
Manuel Zumbado ◽  
Luis Alberto Henríquez-Hernández ◽  
Luis D. Boada ◽  
Octavio P. Luzardo
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
High Percentile ◽  
Excessive Risk ◽  
Average Consumption ◽  
Mode Of Production

The levels of forty-three elements were determined in fresh, preserved, and frozen mussels (n = 208) with the purpose of evaluating their contribution to the recommended dietary intake of essential elements and their potential risk to Spanish consumers’ health. We found relevant differences in the element content in relation to the mode of conservation of mussels as well as in relation to their geographical origin, brand, or mode of production. According to our estimates, mussels are important contributors to the intake of most essential elements, contributing almost 70% of daily requirements of Se, 30–35% of Mo, Zn, and Co, and around 15% of Fe. At the same time, the pattern of average consumption of mussels in Spain does not seem to imply an excessive risk associated with any of the 36 toxic elements studied. However, it should be noted that, in the high percentile of consumption the exposure to Cd and As may be high, in particular that associated with the consumption of fresh and/or frozen mussels. According to the results of this study, a moderate consumption of mussels can be recommended as a valuable and safe source of trace elements.

scholarly journals Change in physico-chemical properties of soil and nutrients in Desmodium triflorum in case of seasonal variation in Ratnanagar-11, Jirauna, Chitwan, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 285
Author(s):  
Niroj Paudel ◽  
Lila Pati Paudel ◽  
Prakash Deep Rai ◽  
Bishnu Dev Das
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Chemical Change ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus ◽  
Properties Of Soil

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Physico-chemical change is described in case of seasonal variation. The plant became grazed in different seasonings; nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are estimated. The aim of paper is the nutrient uptake of <em>Desmodium triflorum due</em> to the change in season.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The sample is collected as four month interval period the grass is tolerate as low pH<strong>. </strong>N-1.67–2.04%, P- 0.34–0.61% and K-1.46–4.15%.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Soil had lowest concentrations of nitrogen (0.096%), phosphorus (0.004%), and potassium (0.027%) in the rainy season. The highest concentration of nitrogen (0.22%) occurred in summer season, phosphorus (0.005%) in winter and summer seasons, and potassium (0.073%) in the winter season. The carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio was highest (15.22:1) in summer and lowest (13.96:1) in the rainy season.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Present study will be valuable in evaluation and management of the middle land pastures in Nepal.</p>

POTENTIALLY TOXIC ELEMENTS IN LOWLAND GREAT MORAVA RIVER – BIOINDICATION WITH BLEAK (ALBURNUS ALBURNUS)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Milošković ◽  
◽  
Nataša Kojadinović ◽  
Milena Radenković ◽  
Simona Đuretanović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Contamination Assessment ◽  
High Accumulation ◽  
Morava River ◽  
Bleak Alburnus Alburnus

The utilization of fish bioindicators has become of crucial importance for ecosystem contamination assessment. Bleak (Alburnus alburnus) is a widely distributed epipelagic fish species characterized as very active with fast metabolism which can lead to a high accumulation of pollutants in tissues. Bleak is easy to sample, identify in the field by morphological characteristics, and easy to work within the laboratory. This study deals with the bleak sensitivity in detecting the pressure of the potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the large lowland Great Morava River. The Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, Sn, and Zn were estimated in whole body composite (wbc) of bleak. The study was conducted at Great Morava River, near the city of Paraćin in Serbia. The highest concentrations of essential elements Zn and Fe were detected. The most toxic elements As and Hg were below detection limits. The metal pollution index (MPI) was 0.39. In large lowland rivers, point sources of pollution such as municipal wastewaters of smaller settlements usually have only local impact due to high dilution by the main watercourse. Since bleak is a site-specific species, results in this study indicated that this stretch of the Great Morava River is slightly affected by PTEs. None of the elements above the maximum permitted concentrations (MPC) in fish meat for use in the human diet, prescribed by the Official Gazette and European Commission Regulation, were not recorded.

scholarly journals Impact of double Zn and Se biofortification of wheat plants on the element concentrations in the grain  

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 316-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Germ ◽  
P. Pongrac ◽  
M. Regvar ◽  
K. Vogel-Mikuš ◽  
V. Stibilj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Element Concentrations

Optimisation of the concentrations of essential mineral elements in staple grain diet and reduction in non-essential and potentially toxic elements would considerably alleviate mineral malnutrition and improve the health of humans. Here, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants were biofortified with Zn and/or Se to determine the changes across 36 elements in the grain. The element concentrations were determined by multielemental k<sub>0</sub>-instrumental neutron activation analysis (k<sub>0</sub>-INAA). In comparison to grain from non-biofortified plants, Zn fertilisation increased the grain Zn, Ca, and Mo concentrations, whereas the foliar application of Se only increased the grain Se concentrations. Double biofortification (combined Zn fertilisation and foliar Se) was more effective for the increased Se concentrations in the grain, in comparison to the Se-only biofortified plants, with the grain Zn, Ca and Mo concentrations remained at the same levels as those for the Zn-only biofortified plants. Except for Ba, Br and Rb, the concentrations of the elements analysed were below the detection limits. Double biofortification might be a feasible strategy to efficiently coordinate the mineral quality of wheat grain, although the considerable concentrations of other essential and non-essential elements should not be neglected.

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