INFORMATION-BASED EVACUATION EXPERIMENT AND ITS CELLULAR AUTOMATON SIMULATION

The evacuation process under emergency is studied by means of experiments and simulations, focusing on the influence of the environment information. A revised cellular automaton model in which environment information is considered as "static information" (building structure, spatial distance, etc.) and "dynamic information" (sounds of fire alarm, etc.) is introduced. Two scenarios, including evacuation with and without visibility in a classroom, are studied to investigate the different influence of the two kinds of information on human behavior. The experimental and simulation results demonstrate that: (1) to intensify the spatial distance information can reduce the evacuation time; (2) the spatial distance is not the only decisive factor especially in evacuation without visibility because the sound information, which is ignorable in evacuation with visibility, is playing a more important role under this condition; (3) the intensity of static information can reflect evacuees' familiarity of the environment; (4) the model can reproduce the experiments well, and the simulation method is useful for further study of the crowd movement simulation.

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Improving the Detection of the Contact Point in Active Sensing Antennae by Processing Combined Static and Dynamic Information

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21051808 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 1808

Author(s):

Luis Mérida-Calvo ◽

Daniel Feliu-Talegón ◽

Vicente Feliu-Batlle

Keyword(s):

Contact Point ◽

Load Cell ◽

Robotic Systems ◽

Accurate Estimation ◽

Flexible Beam ◽

Dynamic Information ◽

New Developments ◽

Static Information ◽

Insect Antennae ◽

Flexible Antenna

The design and application of sensing antenna devices that mimic insect antennae or mammal whiskers is an active field of research. However, these devices still require new developments if they are to become efficient and reliable components of robotic systems. We, therefore, develop and build a prototype composed of a flexible beam, two servomotors that drive the beam and a load cell sensor that measures the forces and torques at the base of the flexible beam. This work reports new results in the area of the signal processing of these devices. These results will make it possible to estimate the point at which the flexible antenna comes into contact with an object (or obstacle) more accurately than has occurred with previous algorithms. Previous research reported that the estimation of the fundamental natural frequency of vibration of the antenna using dynamic information is not sufficient as regards determining the contact point and that the estimation of the contact point using static information provided by the forces and torques measured by the load cell sensor is not very accurate. We consequently propose an algorithm based on the fusion of the information provided by the two aforementioned strategies that enhances the separate benefits of each one. We demonstrate that the adequate combination of these two pieces of information yields an accurate estimation of the contacted point of the antenna link. This will enhance the precision of the estimation of points on the surface of the object that is being recognized by the antenna. Thorough experimentation is carried out in order to show the features of the proposed algorithm and establish its range of application.

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Human responses to multiple sources of directional information in virtual crowd evacuations

Journal of The Royal Society Interface ◽

10.1098/rsif.2013.0904 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (91) ◽

pp. 20130904 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Nikolai W. F. Bode ◽

Armel U. Kemloh Wagoum ◽

Edward A. Codling

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sources ◽

Directional Information ◽

Individual Level ◽

Exit Route ◽

Static Information ◽

Alternative Sources ◽

And Gender ◽

Crowd Movement ◽

Interactive Virtual Environment ◽

Different Sources

The evacuation of crowds from buildings or vehicles is one example that highlights the importance of understanding how individual-level interactions and decision-making combine and lead to the overall behaviour of crowds. In particular, to make evacuations safer, we need to understand how individuals make movement decisions in crowds. Here, we present an evacuation experiment with over 500 participants testing individual behaviour in an interactive virtual environment. Participants had to choose between different exit routes under the influence of three different types of directional information: static information (signs), dynamic information (movement of simulated crowd) and memorized information, as well as the combined effect of these different sources of directional information. In contrast to signs, crowd movement and memorized information did not have a significant effect on human exit route choice in isolation. However, when we combined the latter two treatments with additional directly conflicting sources of directional information, for example signs, they showed a clear effect by reducing the number of participants that followed the opposing directional information. This suggests that the signals participants observe more closely in isolation do not simply overrule alternative sources of directional information. Age and gender did not consistently explain differences in behaviour in our experiments.

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On-site Trip Planning Support System Based on Dynamic Information on Tourism Spots

Smart Cities ◽

10.3390/smartcities3020013 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 212-231 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Masato Hidaka ◽

Yuki Kanaya ◽

Shogo Kawanaka ◽

Yuki Matsuda ◽

Yugo Nakamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Timely Manner ◽

Dynamic Information ◽

Trip Planning ◽

Preference Information ◽

Static Information ◽

Site Use ◽

Drastic Increase ◽

Heavy Burden ◽

Route Information ◽

Changes Over Time

Recently, due to the drastic increase in foreign tourists coming to Japan, there has been a demand to provide smart tourism services that enable inbound tourists to comfortably enjoy sightseeing. To provide satisfactory experiences for tourists, it is desirable to provide tourist information in a timely manner by considering dynamic information, which is information that changes over time, such as current congestion information in destination spots and travel route information, in addition to static information, such as the preferences and profiles of tourists. However, in many existing systems, serious problems occur, such as (1) a lack of support for on-site use, (2) a lack of consideration of dynamic information, and (3) heavy burden on tourists. In this paper, we propose a novel system that can provide tourism plans for tourism spots in a timely manner. The proposed system consists of the following two key mechanisms: (A) A mechanism for acquiring preference information from tourists (including preference on dynamic information); (B) a curation mechanism for realizing on-site tourism. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system, we carried out evaluation experiments utilizing real tourism spots and simulations. As a result, we obtained the following primary findings: (1) On-site tourism spot recommendation is effective for tourists who do not make detailed tourism plans before sightseeing; (2) preference information for participants can be reflected in the tourism spot recommendation while massively reducing the burden on participants; (3) it is possible to obtain a higher satisfaction level than is achieved with model courses, which are often used for sightseeing.

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Gait Recognition Using GEI and AFDEI

International Journal of Optics ◽

10.1155/2015/763908 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Jing Luo ◽

Jianliang Zhang ◽

Chunyuan Zi ◽

Ying Niu ◽

Huixin Tian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nearest Neighbor ◽

Gait Recognition ◽

Dynamic Information ◽

Static Information ◽

Gait Feature ◽

Time Requirements ◽

The Common ◽

The Moment ◽

Neighbor Classifier ◽

Better Than

Gait energy image (GEI) preserves the dynamic and static information of a gait sequence. The common static information includes the appearance and shape of the human body and the dynamic information includes the variation of frequency and phase. However, there is no consideration of the time that normalizes each silhouette within the GEI. As regards this problem, this paper proposed the accumulated frame difference energy image (AFDEI), which can reflect the time characteristics. The fusion of the moment invariants extracted from GEI and AFDEI was selected as the gait feature. Then, gait recognition was accomplished using the nearest neighbor classifier based on the Euclidean distance. Finally, to verify the performance, the proposed algorithm was compared with the GEI + 2D-PCA and SFDEI + HMM on the CASIA-B gait database. The experimental results have shown that the proposed algorithm performs better than GEI + 2D-PCA and SFDEI + HMM and meets the real-time requirements.

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AIS Development in Recent Years and Message Decoding

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.536-537.776 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 536-537 ◽

pp. 776-781

Author(s):

Chen Xu ◽

Ling Long Kong

Keyword(s):

Software Development ◽

Monitoring System ◽

Technical Support ◽

Automatic Identification ◽

Identification System ◽

Dynamic Information ◽

Development Environment ◽

Marine Monitoring ◽

Software Development Environment ◽

Static Information

Based on the development of ship borne Automatic Identification System (AIS) and the expansion of AIS application in maritime management, in this paper, we expound AIS Development in recent years, summarize the additional content of Recommendation ITU-R M.1371-4, analyze the format of AIS message, realize the decoding of AIS message in software development environment and store the dynamic information and static information of the ship to the database, thus provide technical support in marine monitoring system.

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Development of Under-Film Corrosion Simulation Method Based on Cellular Automaton

Volume 4: Materials Technology ◽

10.1115/omae2016-54508 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Naoki Osawa ◽

Yasuhide Kanou ◽

Yasumi Kawamura ◽

Atsushi Takada ◽

Kazuhiko Shiotani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cellular Automaton ◽

Harmful Effect ◽

Surface Profile ◽

Simulation Method ◽

Surface Shape ◽

Ballast Tank ◽

Conventional Steel ◽

Coating Failure ◽

Cyclic Corrosion ◽

Steel Panels

A simulation method for under-film corrosion has been developed for epoxy coated steel panels within a ship’s Water Ballast Tank (WBT) environment. The incubation and extension of coating failure is simulated by using two-dimensional cellular automaton, and the steel diminution is simulated by modifying IACS CSR-H’s 3-phases probabilistic model. Analysis parameters are determined by using the results of onboard exposure and cyclic corrosion tests performed by Shiotani et al. (2012, 2015). The change in corroded surface shape of epoxy coated scribed steel panels made of conventional steel and corrosion resistant steel (CRS) exposed in an ore carrier’s WBT for 4.8 years is simulated. The simulated coating deterioration (blister) area and the corroded surface profile agree well with those measured. This demonstrates the effectiveness of the developed simulation method and the determined parameters. The differences in analysis parameters between conventional steel and CRS suggest that CRS can reduce the harmful effect of the active corrosion region on the remaining coating life at the blister’s frontline and the corrosion under the blister.

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Knowing Which Day of the Week it is: Temporal Structure and Dynamics of Memory

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.102.3.893-902 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 102 (3) ◽

pp. 893-902 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ophélie Carreras ◽

Céline Lemercier ◽

Marie-Françoise Valax

Keyword(s):

Time Management ◽

Temporal Structure ◽

General Context ◽

Dynamic Information ◽

Wrong Response ◽

Temporal Representation ◽

Static Information ◽

Complementary Role ◽

The Future ◽

Sense Of Time

The complementary role of static and dynamic information used when one needs to be located in time was studied. Static information refers to temporal knowledge about days of the week, and dynamic information reflects a sense of time, taking into account the present, the near past, and the future. Each day of an actual 7-day wk., 699 women and 620 men were asked to provide a “right” or “wrong” response to a statement such as “Today is T.,” where X was the name of one of the seven days of the week. Analysis suggested use of a structured temporal representation of the week: the weekend, a landmark, had an anchoring role. Also the dynamics of the content of working memory were indicated. The active “temporal window” participants hold in mind seems directed more towards the future than the past. Results are discussed within the more general context of time management.

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Interphase Human Chromosome Exhibits Out of Equilibrium Glassy Dynamics

10.1101/193375 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Guang Shi ◽

Lei Liu ◽

Changbong Hyeon ◽

D. Thirumalai

Keyword(s):

Ostwald Ripening ◽

Imaging Techniques ◽

Mean Square Displacement ◽

Super Resolution ◽

Spatial Distance ◽

Base Pairs ◽

Glassy Dynamics ◽

Distance Information ◽

Contact Maps ◽

Super Resolution Microscopy

AbstractThe structural organization of the condensed chromosomes is being revealed using chromosome conformation capture experiments and super-resolution imaging techniques. Fingerprints of their three-dimensional organization on length scale from about hundred kilo base pairs to millions of base pairs have emerged using advances in Hi-C and super-resolution microscopy. To determine the poorly understood dynamics of human interphase chromosomes, we created the Chromosome Copolymer Model (CCM) by representing the chromosomes as a self-avoiding polymer with two loci types corresponding to euchromatin and heterochromatin. Using advanced clustering algorithms we establish quantitatively that the simulated contact maps for chromosomes 5 and 10 and those inferred from Hi-C experiments are in agreement. Ward Linkage Matrix (WLM), constructed from spatial distance information, shows that the Topologically Associated Domains (TADs) and compartments predicted from simulations are in agreement with inferred WLM computed using data from super-resolution microscopy experiments. Glassy dynamics is manifested in the stretched exponential relaxation of the structure factor and caging in the mean square displacement of individual loci, ∆i(t) ∼ tα with 0 < α < 1. Remarkably, the distribution of α, is extremely broad suggestive of highly heterogeneous dynamics, which is also reflected in the large cell-to-cell variations in the contact maps. Chromosome organization is hierarchical involving the formation of chromosome droplets (CDs) on short genomic scale followed by coalescence of the CDs, reminiscent of Ostwald ripening. We propose that glassy landscapes for the condensed active chromosomes might provide a balance between genomic conformational stability and biological functions.

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