scholarly journals A scenario planning approach for disasters on Swiss road network

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 1450067 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Mendes ◽  
K. W. Axhausen ◽  
J. S. Andrade ◽  
H. J. Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Scenario Planning ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Emergency Logistics ◽  
Planning Approach ◽  
Big City ◽  
Traffic Scenario ◽  
Large Systems ◽  
The Difference

We study a vehicular traffic scenario on Swiss roads in an emergency situation, calculating how sequentially roads block due to excessive traffic load until global collapse (gridlock) occurs and in this way displays the fragilities of the system. We used a database from Bundesamt für Raumentwicklung which contains length and maximum allowed speed of all roads in Switzerland. The present work could be interesting for government agencies in planning and managing for emergency logistics for a country or a big city. The model used to generate the flux on the Swiss road network was proposed by Mendes et al. [Physica A 391, 362 (2012)]. It is based on the conservation of the number of vehicles and allows for an easy and fast way to follow the formation of traffic jams in large systems. We also analyze the difference between a nonlinear and a linear model and the distribution of fluxes on the Swiss road.

Smooth Time-Optimal Path Tracking for Robot Manipulators With Kinematic Constraints

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kui Hu ◽  
Yunfei Dong ◽  
Dan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Robot Manipulators ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Path Tracking ◽  
Control Input ◽  
Kinematic Constraints ◽  
Computation Efficiency ◽  
Planning Approach ◽  
Time Optimal ◽  
Difference Of Convex ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Previous works solve the time-optimal path tracking problems considering piece-wise constant parametrization for the control input, which may lead to the discontinuous control trajectory. In this paper, a practical smooth minimum time trajectory planning approach for robot manipulators is proposed, which considers complete kinematic constraints including velocity, acceleration and jerk limits. The main contribution of this paper is that the control input is represented as the square root of a polynomial function, which reformulates the velocity and acceleration constraints into linear form and transforms the jerk constraints into the difference of convex form so that the time-optimal problem can be solved through sequential convex programming (SCP). The numerical results of a real 7-DoF manipulator show that the proposed approach can obtain very smooth velocity, acceleration and jerk trajectories with high computation efficiency.

Problems of the Current State of the Sphere of the Land Improvement of Settlement of Ukraine: Public Administration Aspect

2020 ◽  
pp. 177-188
Author(s):  
Dmytro Bizonych ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Household Waste Management ◽  
Land Improvement ◽  
Proper Condition

The article identifies and reveals a set of problems in the field of improvement of settlements of modern Ukraine and suggests practical ways to solve them. The problems of the current state of the sphere of improvement of the settlements of Ukraine are covered. Ways to improve the improvement of settlements of modern Ukraine are proposed. Perspective directions of further theoretical and practical researches concerning improvement of the sphere of improvement of settlements of modern Ukraine are defined. The urgency of the need to improve the sphere of improvement of settlements of modern Ukraine is substantiated. The definitions of the concepts "improvement of settlements", "measures for improvement of settlements", "maintenance in proper condition of the territory", "street and road network", "greenery" are given. The following are indicated: types of improvement of settlements; landscaping subjects; the difference in the content of national and regional policy in the field of improvement of settlements of Ukraine. It is stated: that at the legislative level of Ukraine there are no unified approaches to the formation of state policy in the field of landscaping of the country as a whole; that the requirements of the Law of Ukraine "On improvement of settlements" are not fulfilled in full; that not all settlements have developed and approved regulations and program documents on the improvement of settlements. The subsystem of the sphere of improvement of settlements has been determined in accordance with the hierarchy-relevance. Problems of such subsystems as: subsystem of maintenance of a street and road network are defined; subsystem of external lighting of territories; subsystem of landscaping; utility subsystem (household waste management, burial, parking). The rating of priority problems in the field of improvement of the majority of settlements is defined. It was found that the priority of solving urgent and future problems of improvement in different settlements differs. The sphere of improvement of settlements of modern Ukraine as an object of public administration is characterized. The article formulates and solves a topical scientific problem in the field of public administration, which is to identify a set of problems in the field of improvement of settlements of modern Ukraine and suggest practical ways to solve them, and the conclusions and proposals serve as a basis for improving the improvement of settlements of modern Ukraine and further scientific studies.

On parabiopolitical reason

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D Faubion
Keyword(s):  
Scenario Planning ◽  
The Other ◽  
European Program ◽  
The Difference

Our current ecumene is governmentalistically plural. The biopolitical technology of the regulation of one or another bounded population remains active among many other such technologies. The mode of veridiction proper to biopolitics is actuarial; it has a proper epistemology. In these two respects, it stands beside and apart from the mode of veridiction proper to a parabiopolitics, which is scenaristic and grounded in a sophiology. I extract the lineaments of parabiopolitical reason from two sources. One is an exercise undertaken in Greece between 2002 and 2004 under the mandate of the European program, FORESIGHT. The other is the work of Pierre Wack, whose methodology of scenario planning brings the difference that makes a difference between biopolitical epistemology and parabiopolitical sophiology most brightly to light.

scholarly journals Comparison of Real Response and Theoretical Modeling of Pavement with Thick Asphalt Layers under Heavy Traffic Load

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Jingsong Shan ◽  
Hongmei Shao ◽  
Qiuzhong Li ◽  
Peili Sun
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Fatigue Cracking ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Theoretic Model ◽  
Static Modulus ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The Difference

Two kinds of asphalt pavement with thick asphalt layers were used to construct two samples. In structure I, a semirigid base and graded crushed stone subbase were used. In structure II, a granular base and semirigid subbase layer were used. Responses of the two structures under traffic loads were measured using optical fiber sensors, and the differences between theoretical model results and field measurements were analyzed. Field measurements show that vertical compressive stress in structure I is larger than that in structure II. The maximum tensile strain of the asphalt layer is located at the bottom of the AC-25C layer in structure I and at the bottom of the AC-25F layer in structure II. The latter is significantly larger than the former, indicating the possibility of fatigue cracking induced by traffic load is higher in structure II. The measured tensile horizontal strain at the bottom of the semirigid layer is relatively low (<30εμ) in both structure I and structure II. In theoretical model, static modulus, dynamic modulus, and interface bonding ability are considered and theoretical responses are calculated. There are significant differences between the theoretical results and field test data. In the theoretic model, the material properties of layers and bonding status of adjacent layers all influence the results. In order to reduce the difference between the calculated and measured results, numerous material tests and field tests should be carried out.

scholarly journals What might the future bring? COVID-19 planning considerations for faculty and universities

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Majowicz
Keyword(s):  
Scenario Planning ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Epidemic Curve ◽  
Planning Approach ◽  
The Future

Abstract This paper applies a scenario planning approach, to outline some current uncertainties related to COVID-19 and what they might mean for plausible futures for which we should prepare, and to identify factors that we as individual faculty members and university institutions should be considering now, when planning for the future under COVID-19. Although the contextual focus of this paper is Canada, the content is likely applicable to other places where the COVID-19 epidemic curve is in its initial rising stage, and where universities are predominantly publicly funded institutions.

Managing Risk in a New Telecommunications Service Development Process through a Scenario Planning Approach

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae-Hyeon Ahn ◽  
Ann Skudlark
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
New Product ◽  
Scenario Planning ◽  
Computer Interface ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Business Managers ◽  
Planning Approach ◽  
Managing Risk ◽  
New Strategies ◽  
Gaining Insight

Managing risk in a new product and service development process is one of the major challenges for many business managers. A scenario planning approach was incorporated into a new telecommunications service development process in order to understand the uncertainties shaping the future economic, business and technological environments. Understanding the major drivers for uncertainties helped in gaining insight and thereby generated new strategies for reducing risks and taking advantage of opportunities from uncertainty. In order to demonstrate the process and value of the approach, it was applied to a new telecommunications service concept, the Phoneweb service, which allows Internet access through telephones rather than a computer interface.

scholarly journals Traffic forecasting on national roads

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-144
Author(s):  
Jerzy Kukiełka
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Load Forecasting ◽  
Modeling Method ◽  
Digital Model ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Traffic Forecasting ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Selection Of

The purpose of this paper is the analysis of traffic load on road pavement and it forecasting, in aspect of designing the reconstruction of roads and pavement strengthening. At present modeling method is a method that offers highest level of traffic load forecasting. Preparation of the digital model of road network and traffic load, which take place on it, allows to eliminate many drawbacks of existing methods of forecasting. For accurate predictions of heavy vehicles by model it is necessary to build the best possible knowledge base of traffic load which is present on the existing road network in particularly based on the largest number of measure spots to both classification and pre-selection of weight classes such as WIM-P.

scholarly journals Monolayer asphalt pavement. Western requirements in Polish realities

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Piotr Koźlarek
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Local Roads ◽  
Base Course

Polish road network is made up of 95% local roads. Their technical condition is much worse in comparison to motorways and national roads network. The lack of financial resources is one of the main reasons for this situation. That is why there is a continuous search for technologies, that allow for fast and cheap pavement repair or modernization. The monolayer asphalt pavement is such a solution offering in addition to cost effectiveness and shorter construction time, also an increased durability. Our western neighbors developed the technical regulations for this technology under the name "Asphalttragdeckschicht" which is marked as AC 16 TD. In direct translation "Asphalttragdeckschicht" means supporting wearing course / base layer. The monolayer asphalt pavement consists of a single layer with thickness between 5 to 10 cm made of HMA that links the functions of two layers – asphalt base course and asphalt wearing course. Thanks to this, the monolayer is resistant to environmental conditions and provides an adequate bearing capacity for a given traffic load. Insufficient funding and the impossibility to put the street out of operation were the bases for the investor’s decision to build a 220m section of road pavement using the monolayer pavement technology in Pruszków near Warsaw. This project gave the possibility to learn and gain an experience with a new western technology applied to Polish reality.

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