scholarly journals A q-OSCILLATOR WITH "ACCIDENTAL" DEGENERACY OF ENERGY LEVELS

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 949-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. GAVRILIK ◽  
A. P. REBESH
Keyword(s):  
Lie Algebra ◽  
Commutation Relation ◽  
Deformation Parameter ◽  
Uncertainty Relation ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
The State ◽  
The Real ◽  
Simple Lie Algebra ◽  
Accidental Degeneracy ◽  
Real Value

We study main features of the exotic case of q-deformed oscillators (so-called Tamm–Dancoff cutoff oscillator) and find some special properties: (i) degeneracy of the energy levels En1 = En1 + 1, n1 ≥ 1, at the real value[Formula: see text] of deformation parameter, as well as the occurrence of other degeneracies En1 = En1 + k, for k ≥ 2, at the corresponding values of q which depend on both n1 and k; (ii) the position and momentum operators X and Pcommute on the state|n1> if q is fixed as [Formula: see text], that implies unusual uncertainty relation; (iii) two commuting copies of the creation, annihilation, and number operators of this q-oscillator generate the corresponding q-deformation of the non-simple Lie algebra su(2) ⊕ u(1)whose nontrivial q-deformed commutation relation is: [J+, J-] = 2J0q2J3-1 where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text].

scholarly journals PLETHORA OF q-OSCILLATORS POSSESSING PAIRWISE ENERGY LEVEL DEGENERACY

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (13) ◽  
pp. 921-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. GAVRILIK ◽  
A. P. REBESH
Keyword(s):  
Energy Level ◽  
Deformation Parameter ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
The Real ◽  
Deformed Oscillator ◽  
Accidental Degeneracy ◽  
Level Degeneracy ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Generating System ◽  
Real Deformation

Using the q, p-deformed oscillators as basic generating system, we obtain diverse classes (which form distinct sectors of functional continua) of novel versions of q-deformed oscillators, all of which share the property of "accidental" degeneracy within a fixed pair of energy levels Em = Em+1, m ≥ 1, occurring at the real deformation parameter fixed by an appropriate value q(m) that depends on m and on particular model. Likewise, the degeneracy E0 = Ek (where k ≥ 2) takes place, for properly fixed q = q(k), in most of those models. The formerly studied model of q-oscillator known as the Tamm–Dancoff cutoff deformed oscillator is contained in the continua as isolated special case.

scholarly journals The Minimal Length and the Shannon Entropic Uncertainty Relation

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pouria Pedram
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Harmonic Oscillator ◽  
Commutation Relation ◽  
Deformation Parameter ◽  
Uncertainty Relation ◽  
Generalized Uncertainty Principle ◽  
Adjoint Representation ◽  
Minimal Length ◽  
Entropic Uncertainty Relation ◽  
Ordinary Quantum

In the framework of the generalized uncertainty principle, the position and momentum operators obey the modified commutation relationX,P=iħ1+βP2, whereβis the deformation parameter. Since the validity of the uncertainty relation for the Shannon entropies proposed by Beckner, Bialynicki-Birula, and Mycielski (BBM) depends on both the algebra and the used representation, we show that using the formally self-adjoint representation, that is,X=xandP=tan⁡βp/β, where[x,p]=iħ, the BBM inequality is still valid in the formSx+Sp≥1+ln⁡πas well as in ordinary quantum mechanics. We explicitly indicate this result for the harmonic oscillator in the presence of the minimal length.

Why are We Junking This Engine of Growth?

1997 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Sebastian Morris
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
The State ◽  
Export Growth ◽  
Capital Account ◽  
Industrial Transformation ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Value

The appreciation in the real value of the rupee would bring down export growth rate to less than 6 per cent for 1996–97 and unless corrected would lower the growth rate of the economy. Today, the economy is ideally situated to grow at rates in excess of 9 per cent if a sharp depreciation of the rupee can be brought about. Such growth would be sustainable. That the state has not pursued growth maximizing policies via exports growth is due to the limitations that the rentier classes impose, and to its adherence to monetarist ideology. Achieving convertibility on capital account would be too premature for an economy which is yet to achieve its industrial transformation.

scholarly journals “BUKAN MERUPAKAN KERUGIAN NEGARA”: ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN KEUANGAN NEGARA DAN STABILITAS SISTEM KEUANGAN UNTUK PENANGANAN PANDEMI COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1407
Author(s):  
Dian Eka Prastiwi
Keyword(s):  
Financial System ◽  
The State ◽  
Good Faith ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Financial Policy ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Value ◽  
The Law

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji isu krusial yang terkait dengan dikeluarkan PERPU NO. 1 Tahun 2020 tentang Kebijakan Keuangan Negara Dan Stabilitas Sistem Keuangan Untuk Penanganan Pandemi Corona Disease 2019 (“Covid-19”) yang diubah menjadi Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2020. Untuk dapat mengetahui makna Kerugian Negara dan Penerapan Itikad baik sesuai dengan Pasal 27. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif dengan menggunakan studi dokumen yang meliputi bahan hukum primer, sekunder dan tersier. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2020. Terkait dengan hal-hal yang terdapat dalam Pasal 27 PERPU No 1 Tahun 2020 juga dinilai berpotensi memunculkan korupsi dengan adanya Pasal 27 ayat 1 terutama frasa “bukan merupakan kerugian Negara”. Unsur terpenting dari suatu kerugian Negara adalah adanya perbuatan melawan hukum dan nilai kerugian yang riill. Oleh karena itu, pengaturan frasa “bukan merupakan kerugian Negara” dalam Pasal 27 ayat 1 PERPU No 1 Tahun 2020 agar tidak terjadi salah penafsiran atas Pasal tersebut maka perlu diatur lebih detail dalam penjelasan pasal demi pasal pada PERPU yang dimaksud. This study aims to examine the crucial issues associated with the issuance of PERPU NO. 1 of 2020 concerning State Financial Policy and Financial System Stability for Handling the 2019 Corona Disease Pandemic (“Covid-19”) which was amended to Law Number 2 of 2020. To be able to find out the meaning of State Loss and Implementation of Good faith in accordance with Article 27. This study uses a normative method by using document studies which include primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The results of this study indicate that Law Nomoor 2 of 2020. In relation to matters contained in Article 27 of PERPU No. 1 of 2020 it is also considered to have the potential to cause corruption with the existence of Article 27 paragraph 1, especially the phrase "not a loss to the State". The most important element of a State loss is an act against the law and the real value of the loss. Therefore, the regulation of the phrase "not a loss to the State" in Article 27 paragraph 1 of PERPU No. 1 of 2020 so that there is no misinterpretation of the Article, it is necessary to regulate in more detail the explanation of article by article in the PERPU referred to. 

Radiation synovectomy of the knee joint

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 (01) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
M. Puille ◽  
D. Steiner ◽  
R. Bauer ◽  
R. Klett
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Radiation Synovectomy ◽  
Real Activity ◽  
Anterior View ◽  
Inguinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
The Real ◽  
Therapeutic Modalities ◽  
Real Value

Summary Aim: Multiple procedures for the quantification of activity leakage in radiation synovectomy of the knee joint have been described in the literature. We compared these procedures considering the real conditions of dispersion and absorption using a corpse phantom. Methods: We simulated different distributions of the activity in the knee joint and a different extra-articular spread into the inguinal lymph nodes. The activity was measured with a gammacamera. Activity leakage was calculated by measuring the retention in the knee joint only using an anterior view, using the geometric mean of anterior and posterior views, or using the sum of anterior and posterior views. The same procedures were used to quantify the activity leakage by measuring the activity spread into the inguinal lymph nodes. In addition, the influence of scattered rays was evaluated. Results: For several procedures we found an excellent association with the real activity leakage, shown by an r² between 0.97 and 0.98. When the real value of the leakage is needed, e. g. in dosimetric studies, simultaneously measuring of knee activity and activity in the inguinal lymph nodes in anterior and posterior views and calculation of the geometric mean with exclusion of the scatter rays was found to be the procedure of choice. Conclusion: When measuring of activity leakage is used for dosimetric calculations, the above-described procedure should be used. When the real value of the leakage is not necessary, e. g. for comparing different therapeutic modalities, several of the procedures can be considered as being equivalent.

Chasing Angels: The Sweet Wine Angelica

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
hank shaw
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Real ◽  
Mission Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
Uncertain Future ◽  
Sweet Wine ◽  
Made In

Portugal has port, Spain has sherry, Sicily has Marsala –– and California has angelica. Angelica is California's original wine: The intensely sweet, fortified dessert cordial has been made in the state for more than two centuries –– primarily made from Mission grapes, first brought to California by the Spanish friars. Angelica was once drunk in vast quantities, but now fewer than a dozen vintners make angelica today. These holdouts from an earlier age are each following a personal quest for the real. For unlike port and sherry, which have strict rules about their production, angelica never gelled into something so distinct that connoisseurs can say, ““This is angelica. This is not.”” This piece looks at the history of the drink, its foggy origins in the Mission period and on through angelica's heyday and down to its degeneration into a staple of the back-alley wino set. Several current vintners are profiled, and they suggest an uncertain future for this cordial.

The 'Real' Value of Conflicted Analyst Coverage

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey E. Jacobsen ◽  
Irina Stefanescu ◽  
Xiaoyun Yu
Keyword(s):  
Analyst Coverage ◽  
The Real ◽  
Real Value

scholarly journals Single-Satellite Integrated Navigation Algorithm Based on Broadband LEO Constellation Communication Links

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 703
Author(s):  
Lvyang Ye ◽  
Yikang Yang ◽  
Xiaolun Jing ◽  
Jiangang Ma ◽  
Lingyu Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Satellite Communication ◽  
The State ◽  
Earth Orbit ◽  
Integrated Navigation ◽  
Location Services ◽  
The Real ◽  
Navigation Algorithm ◽  
Communication Links ◽  
Leo Satellite

With the rapid development of satellite technology and the need to satisfy the increasing demand for location-based services, in challenging environments such as indoors, forests, and canyons, there is an urgent need to improve the position accuracy in these environments. However, traditional algorithms obtain the position solution through time redundancy in exchange for spatial redundancy, and they require continuous observations that cannot satisfy the real-time location services. In addition, they must also consider the clock bias between the satellite and receiver. Therefore, in this paper, we provide a single-satellite integrated navigation algorithm based on the elimination of clock bias for broadband low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication links. First, we derive the principle of LEO satellite communication link clock bias elimination; then, we give the principle and process of the algorithm. Next, we model and analyze the error of the system. Subsequently, based on the unscented Kalman filter (UKF), we model the state vector and observation vector of our algorithm and give the state and observation equations. Finally, for different scenarios, we conduct qualitative and quantitative analysis through simulations, and the results show that, whether in an altimeter scenario or non-altimeter scenario, the performance indicators of our algorithm are significantly better than the inertial navigation system (INS), which can effectively overcome the divergence problem of INS; compared with the medium earth orbit (MEO) constellation, the navigation trajectory under the LEO constellation is closer to the real trajectory of the aircraft; and compared with the traditional algorithm, the accuracy of each item is improved by more than 95%. These results show that our algorithm not only significantly improves the position error, but also effectively suppresses the divergence of INS. The algorithm is more robust and can satisfy the requirements of cm-level real-time location services in challenging environments.

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