MEASURE ENTANGLEMENT OF BIPARTITE SYSTEM BY A NEW NONLOCAL EFFECT

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (23n24) ◽  
pp. 4275-4279
Author(s):  
SHAO-YING MENG ◽  
LI-BIN FU ◽  
JIE LIU
Keyword(s):  
Bell Inequality ◽  
The State ◽  
Nonlocal Effect ◽  
Nonlocal Effects ◽  
Final State ◽  
Bipartite System ◽  
Cyclic Operation ◽  
Degree Of Entanglement

The state of a bipartite system may be changed by a cyclic operation applied on one of its subsystem. The change is a nonlocal effect, and can be detected only by measuring the two parts jointly. By employing the Hilbert-Schmidt metric, we can quantify such nonlocal effects via measuring the distance between initial and final state. By making use of the new nonlocal effect we can measure the entanglement of bipartite system. For qubit pair, we show that this measurement is equivalent to degree of entanglement and consists with the Bell inequality.

WHY THE STATE-BY-STATE POLITICAL ECONOMY MODEL DID IT RIGHT

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (01) ◽  
pp. 45-46
Author(s):  
Bruno Jerôme ◽  
Véronique Jerôme-Speziari
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Presidential Election ◽  
Barack Obama ◽  
The State ◽  
Popular Vote ◽  
Final State ◽  
Economy Model ◽  
Error Margin ◽  
Us Presidential Election

One hundred and forty two days before the 2012 US presidential election our final State-by-State Political-Economy Model gave an advantage to Barack Obama with 51.6% of the popular vote (error margin ± 4.47) and 324 electoral votes (Jerôme and Jerôme-Speziari 2012). On November 6, 2012, with 51.6% of the vote and 332 electoral votes, the Democratic incumbent wins a second term. Regarding certainty of an Obama plurality, the model gave a probability of victory by 64%. In 2012, it seems that this was enough to ensure a good predictability.

Socialization and Process: a Methodological Problem

1982 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 143-159
Author(s):  
Colin W. Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Problem ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Emergent Property ◽  
The State ◽  
Basic Form ◽  
Final State ◽  
The Core ◽  
Present Argument

AbstractThe basic form of experiencing process as such, then, lies in the apprehension of an object changing through an ordered sequence of states towards an end state. The sequence is grasped in the light of the final state of things which stands in close relation to the central noema of "changing object" in terms of which the phases of the sequence are recognized and related. The central noema is itself an emergent property of the identification of the sequence of states as "pertaining to the same something." This complex, not to say convoluted, constitution is iteratively established through polythetic acts in which change itself is grasped and sequence evidenced through the positing of possible sequences in the light of the intuition of succession. Eventually the whole sequence may be grasped monothetically and the process experienced as such as a whole. This prototype of process itself provides a basic form by which the events of intentional life may be ordered. The core experience, that objects do change in an ordered manner towards a defined and defining end may provide a way of meaningfully structuring experience. Thus for example, the succession Sii to Siii may be experienced as such. That succession may lead to a question like "towards what end does this succession tend?" More germane to the present argument, a particular state of things may lead to the question "by what process has this state of things come about?" In both these cases, the prototype of process leads to the attempt to interpret the succession or the state of things in terms of orderly change through time and in this way the intuition of process, in its own right, may provide a structure in which the phenomena of consciousness may be experienced and meaningfully related.

A comprehensive evaluation of academic performance of undergraduate and postgraduate students, interns and fellows at the Danylo Halytsky National Medical University in Lviv

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
O.Ye. Sichkoriz ◽  
◽  
T.S. Kolach ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Postgraduate Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Influential Factor ◽  
Final State ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
National Medical ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Medical University

The integral part in the system of healthcare workforce education is determining the quality index of the specialists' training and analysis of educational achievements of students. Aim. To evaluate academic performance of undergraduate and postgraduate students, interns and fellows at the Danylo Halytsky National Medical University in Lviv. To study the influence of diverse factors on the outcomes of the final attestation, and work out regressive models concerning the results of the final attestation of the students, interns and fellows of each of the specialties. Materials and Methods. The study was carried out among the interns at the Danylo Halytsky National Medical University in Lviv who underwent the final state attestation in 2018, in regard with the following criteria: the results of the licenced exams "Step-1 (Krok-1)", "Step-2 (Krok-2)", "Step-3 (Krok-3)"; the mean grade received for the state exams, and the results of the final attestation. The statistical analysis was performed by means of multiple correlative-regressive analysis. Adequacy and reliability of the obtained statistical models were evaluated using Fisher criterion. Results and Discussion. In the course of the study, it was established that the highest results of the licenced exams "Step-1", " Step-3", the state exams, and the final attestation were achieved by the interns in specialty "Emergency medicine"; the interns in specialty "Internal medicine" demonstrated the highest scores of the exam "Step-2". The lowest results of the licenced exams "Step-1" and "Step-2" were registered in the interns inspecialty "Pediatrics"; similar results of the \exam "Step-3", state exams, and the final attestation were achieved by the interns in specialty "Dentistry". A direct correlation between the results of the licenced exams "Step-1", "Step-2", and "Step-3", state exams, and the final attestation among the interns of all specialties of the LNMU in 2018 (р<0,05) was substantiated. Conclusions. The most influential factor in predicting the results of the final attestation are the results of "Step-3"; the second prediction factor is the mean grade of the state exams. Mathematical prediction of the results of the final attestation has important practical implications , because it assists with timely identification ofof the group of interns with high risks of failure and subsequent early intensifying of their academic activities. Key words: undergraduate and postgraduate education, interns, licenced exam, result of the final attestation

Final state distortion effects in autoionization of the state of He-

1968 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 420-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.N. Estberg ◽  
R.W. LaBahn
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Final State

scholarly journals Nonlocal single particle steering generated through single particle entanglement

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Arévalo Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Quantum State ◽  
Single Particle ◽  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Nonlocal Effect ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Entangled State ◽  
Nonlocal Effects ◽  
Action At A Distance

AbstractIn 1927, at the Solvay conference, Einstein posed a thought experiment with the primary intention of showing the incompleteness of quantum mechanics; to prove it, he employed the instantaneous nonlocal effects caused by the collapse of the wavefunction of a single particle—the spooky action at a distance–, when a measurement is done. This historical event preceded the well-know Einstein–Podolsk–Rosen criticism over the incompleteness of quantum mechanics. Here, by using the Stern–Gerlach experiment, we demonstrate how the instantaneous nonlocal feature of the collapse of the wavefunction together with the single-particle entanglement can be used to produce the nonlocal effect of steering, i.e. the single-particle steering. In the steering process Bob gets a quantum state depending on which observable Alice decides to measure. To accomplish this, we fully exploit the spreading (over large distances) of the entangled wavefunction of the single-particle. In particular, we demonstrate that the nonlocality of the single-particle entangled state allows the particle to “know” about the kind of detector Alice is using to steer Bob’s state. Therefore, notwithstanding strong counterarguments, we prove that the single-particle entanglement gives rise to truly nonlocal effects at two faraway places. This opens the possibility of using the single-particle entanglement for implementing truly nonlocal task.

CONTROLLABILITY OF A LINEAR DISCRETE SYSTEM WITH CHANGE OF THE STATE VECTOR DIMENSION

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
V. V. Pichkur ◽  
D. A. Mazur ◽  
V. V. Sobchuk
Keyword(s):  
State Vector ◽  
Discrete System ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
The State ◽  
Functional Stability ◽  
Final State ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Linear Discrete System ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Vector Dimension

The paper proposes an analysis of controllability of a linear discrete system with change of the state vector dimension. We offer necessary and sufficient conditions of controllability and design the control that guarantees the decision of a problem of moving of such system to an arbitrary final state. It provides functional stability of technological processes described by a linear discrete system with change of the state vector dimension.

scholarly journals State Examination as a Way to Assess Postgraduate Students’ Teaching Competencies

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 52-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. I. Bednyi ◽  
K. D. Dyatlova ◽  
N. V. Rybakov
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
The State ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Final State ◽  
Teaching Competencies ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
State Examination ◽  
Russian Universities

The article discusses the system for developing and assessing teaching competencies of PhD program graduates. The experience of Russian universities in conducting the final state examination in postgraduate schools is considered. The authors analyze the options for the distribution of the competencies being assessed between the two parts of the final state certification of postgraduate students: the state examination and the defense of their research report. The system developed and implemented at Lobachevsky University for postgraduate students’ step-by-step training for a teaching career at a higher education institution is discussed in detail, including: 1) theoretical training in the framework of the discipline “Psychology and Pedagogy of Higher Education”, 2) teaching practice, 3) preparation of a study manual based on the results of the postgraduate student’s dissertation research, and its defense at the final state examination. Assessments of the practice-oriented format of the state examination by postgraduate students are presented.

MAXIMUM NONLOCAL EFFECTS OF QUANTUM STATES

2011 ◽  
Vol 09 (07n08) ◽  
pp. 1587-1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHUANGSHUANG FU ◽  
SHUNLONG LUO
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Correlations ◽  
Quantum Measurements ◽  
Quantum States ◽  
Nonlocal Effect ◽  
Nonlocal Effects ◽  
Bipartite State ◽  
Local Quantum ◽  
Local Measurements ◽  
Minimum Disturbance ◽  
Global And Local

A fundamental feature of quantum mechanics radically different from classical theory lies in the role and consequence of quantum measurements, which usually cause disturbance to quantum states. For a bipartite state, the minimum disturbance caused by local measurements has been used to define quantum correlations from a measurement perspective. In contrast to this minimum approach, we investigate the maximum disturbance of local measurements, and define the nonlocal effect of a bipartite state as the maximum discrepancy between the global and local disturbances caused by local quantum measurements. Some analytical results are obtained and the significance of the maximum nonlocal effect is briefly discussed.

PROGRAMMABLE AND CONTROLLED REMOTE UNAMBIGUOUS QUANTUM-STATE DISCRIMINATION BASED ON NONLOCAL SYSTEM–ANCILLA CONDITIONAL ROTATION

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (22) ◽  
pp. 2991-2999
Author(s):  
LIBING CHEN ◽  
YUHUA LIU ◽  
HONG LU
Keyword(s):  
Quantum State ◽  
Quantum Channel ◽  
Success Probability ◽  
The State ◽  
Initial State ◽  
Final State ◽  
Unitary Evolution ◽  
Unambiguous Discrimination ◽  
State Discrimination ◽  
System Data

We propose and prove a theoretical scheme of realizing programmable and controlled remote quantum-state unambiguous discrimination (UD) based on nonlocal system–ancilla unitary evolution. By decomposing the evolution process from the initial state to the final state, we first construct the required nonlocal unitary evolution, which is a nonlocal conditional rotation. Utilizing the entanglement property of Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) class state, we then design a quantum network for implementing the controlled nonlocal conditional rotation gate, and thus provide a feasible physical means to realize the remote UD. The features of the scheme is that the particular pair of states of system (data register) that can be remotely and unambiguously discriminated is specified by the state of the ancilla (program register). Furthermore, a third side is included, who may participate the process of quantum remote implementation as a supervisor. When the quantum channel is partially entangled, the third one can rectify the state distorted by the imperfect quantum channel. The success probability of implementing this remote UD is also investigated.

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