INDUSTRIAL POLLUTION AND ASTHMA: A MATHEMATICAL MODEL

2000 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 347-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
MINI GHOSH

In this paper, some nonlinear mathematical models are proposed and analyzed to study the spread of asthma due to inhaled pollutants from Industry. The following two types of demographics are considered here; (i) population with constant immigration, (ii) population with logistic growth. In each type of demography, the following three cases have been considered regarding the release of pollutant into the environment; (i) when emission of the pollutant into the environment is constant, (ii) when emission of the pollutant is population dependent, and (iii) when emission of the pollutant is periodic. Using stability theory of differential equations and computer simulation, it is shown that due to an increase in the air pollutant, the asthmatic (diseased) population increases in the region under consideration.

1992 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Young ◽  
Robert L. Bettinger

We develop a mathematical model for the spread of Numic-speaking peoples across the Great Basin in the second millennium A.D., in accord with the ideas of Bettinger and Baumhoff (1982), who suggested a competitive interaction between the Numic and Prenumic peoples of the region. We construct differential equations representing two competing populations that spread by a diffusion process across an area representing the Great Basin. The demographic variables are fixed to agree with ethnographic data, while the migration rates are fitted to the estimated time for the completion of the spread. The model predicts a spatial distribution of the Numic languages in satisfactory agreement with observations and suggests new avenues of investigation.


Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (23) ◽  
pp. 3013
Author(s):  
Leonid Shaikhet

For the example of one nonlinear mathematical model in food engineering with several equilibria and stochastic perturbations, a simple criterion for determining a stable or unstable equilibrium is reported. The obtained analytical results are illustrated by detailed numerical simulations of solutions of the considered Ito stochastic differential equations. The proposed criterion can be used for a wide class of nonlinear mathematical models in different applications.


2010 ◽  
Vol 139-141 ◽  
pp. 2653-2657
Author(s):  
Ling Xin Geng ◽  
Li Juan Zhang ◽  
Ren Zhi Wu

The performance of HPS directly influences the comfort of vehicle, dynamic load of wheels and travel distance of suspension. In order to describe and evaluate the performance of HPS, the structure and working principle of main parts of the HPS are introduced and analyzed in this paper firstly. Then the physical model is founded by analyzing and simplifying the structure of HPS. According to the physical model, non-linear mathematical models of HPS with dual gas-accumulators are built up and a special program is composed. The results of computer simulation are carried out through the program. Then a testing rig for HPS is designed and manufactured after rebuilding cylinders and abundant experiments are performed on the testing rig. Comparisons are drawn between the results of simulation and testing, which manifest the mathematical model of HPS built in the thesis is feasible.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.23) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Krasinskiy A.Ya ◽  
Krasinskaya E.M.

The most important problem of controlling mechatronic systems is the development of methods for the fullest possible application of the properties of our own (without the application of controls) motions of the object for the optimal use of all available resources. The basis of this can be a non-linear mathematical model of the object, which allows to determine the degree of minimally necessary interference in the natural behavior of an object with the purpose of stable implementation of a given operating mode. The operating modes of the vast majority of modern mechatronic systems are realized due to the steady motions (equilibrium positions and stationary motions) of their mechanical components, and often these motions are constrained by connections of various kinds. The paper gives an analysis of methods for obtaining nonlinear mathematical models in stabilization problems of mechanical systems with differential holonomic and non-holonomic constraints. 


Author(s):  
Levan Maisuradze ◽  

Differential equations developed by William Lanchester for combat models are still used by military theorists in traditional and asymmetric wars. The paper focuses on the asymmetric situation encountered in narrow exits on the battlefield, where it is impossible to concentrate the entire firepower. Based on the application of the Lancaster Equation, it is determined that in order to achieve parity, it is necessary to destroy targets by sequentially massaging fire. The mathematical model proposed for the destruction of forces by divisions even allows to determine how to divide the opposing forces into the optimal number for each battle. Based on the research, the influence of the time factor on the element of surprise is determined and a mathematical model is developed, which can determine the effective period of fighting the opponent.


2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1271
Author(s):  
Jorge Guerra Pires

The ambition of this document is to set in evidence the prerequisite for integrative (mathematical) models, mechanism-based models, for appetite/bodyweight control. For achieving this goal, it is provided a scrutinized literature review and it is organized them in such a way to make the point. The quantitative methods exploited by the authors are called differential equations solved numerically; they are discussed briefly since it is not our goal herein to handle details. On the current state of the art, there is no mathematical model to the best of the author’s knowledge targeting at integrating several hormones at once in mathematical descriptions: even for single hormones, the literature is either occasional or do not exist at all; it is depicted some results for simple models already built. As it can be seen, the functions and roles seem fuzzy, most hormones seem to be piloting the same undertaking. The key challenge from a mathematical modeling perspective is how to separate properly the mechanisms of each hormone. The kind of pursuit presented herein could initiate an imperative cascade of mathematical modeling applied to metabolism of bodyweight control and energy homeostasis.


Author(s):  
И.А. Шаповалова

Современная иммунология не может успешно развиваться без помощи математического моделирования. Математические модели являются эффективным фильтром идей и индикатором правильности выбранных предположений, позволяют дать правильную интерпретацию результатам и выбирать критерии для оценки правильности, могут быть использованы как средство для визуализации результатов вычисления, что помогает дальнейшему развитию вычислительных алгоритмов. Исследование математической модели иммунной системы позволяет сравнивать теоретические и экспериментальные результаты и уточнять предположения, положенные в основу математического моделирования. Иммунная система является высокоразвитой биологической системой, функция которой заключается в выявлении и уничтожении чужеродного агента, поэтому она должна распознавать разнообразных возбудителей. Иммунная система способна к обучению, запоминанию, распознаванию образов, аналогичными свойствами обладают искусственные нейронные сети. Искусственные нейронные сети, подобно биологическим, являются вычислительной системой с огромным числом параллельно функционирующих простых процессоров с огромным числом связей. Нейросетевые алгоритмы используются в кластеризации, визуализации данных, контроле и оптимизации управляемых процессов, разработке искусственных нейронных сетей. В работе исследуется математическая модель иммунной системы, которая моделируется с помощью искусственной нейронной сети и описывается системой дифференциальных уравнений с запаздыванием. При анализе модели используется аппарат математической теории оптимального управления, а именно принцип максимума для систем дифференциальных уравнений с запаздыванием в аргументе функции состояния и аппарат методов оптимизации, базирующийся на методе быстрого автоматического дифференцирования. Вместо традиционных методов программирования используется обучение полносвязной искусственной нейронной сети с помощью метода распространения ошибки. Modern immunology can not be developed successfully without the help of mathematical modeling. Mathematical models are an effective way filter and indicator of the correctness of the selected assumptions. Mathematical models allow us to give a correct interpretation of the results, to select criteria for evaluating the correctness and that help the development of the numerical methods and algorithm. The research of the mathematical model of the immune system allow to compare theoretical and experimental results and clarified mathematical assumptions laid down in the basis of mathematical modeling. The immune system is a highly developed biological system, whose function is to detect and destroy foreign substance, so it needs to recognize a variety of pathogens.The immune system is capable of learning to remember the recognitions of images. The similar properties possess artificial neural networks. Similar to biological ones artificial neural networks are computer systems with a huge number of parallel functioning simple processors and with a large number of connections. Neural networks algorithms are used in clustering, data visualization, control and optimization of processes, the development of artificial neural networks. In the article we consider mathematical model of immune system modeled with the help of artificial multi layer neural net described by the system of differential equations with delay in argument of state functions. The model is analyzed with the help of the theory of optimal control namely the maximum principle of Pontrjagin for the systems of differential equations with delay in argument of the state functions. The method of optimization is based on the method of fast automatic differentiations. Instead of traditional methods of programming the training of the fully connected neural networks and the error propagation method are used.


2019 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 02015
Author(s):  
Andrzej Szafraniec

The paper presents a mathematical model of an electrical load node consisting of a power transformer and synchronous motors which rotate vertical pumps using non-rigid transmission. Modified principle of Hamilton–Ostrogradsky served as the basis for construction of the model. Using the developed mathematical model of the node, electromechanical transients in the object are studied. The resultant system of dynamic state nonlinear differential equations is introduced in the normal Cauchy’s form. Computer simulation findings are displayed by means of figures; they are under ongoing analysis.


1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. de Paor

Abstract. Hide (Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, 1998) has produced a new mathematical model of a self-exciting homopolar dynamo driving a series- wound motor, as a continuing contribution to the theory of the geomagnetic field. By a process of exact perturbation analysis, followed by combination and partial solution of differential equations, the complete nonlinear quenching of current fluctuations reported by Hide in the case that a parameter ε has the value 1 is proved via the Popov theorem from feedback system stability theory.


1998 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Igor Basov ◽  
Donatas Švitra

Here a system of two non-linear difference-differential equations, which is mathematical model of self-regulation of the sugar level in blood, is investigated. The analysis carried out by qualitative and numerical methods allows us to conclude that the mathematical model explains the functioning of the physiological system "insulin-blood sugar" in both normal and pathological cases, i.e. diabetes mellitus and hyperinsulinism.


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