scholarly journals TEST–RETEST RELIABILITY OF STATIC POSTURAL BALANCE VARIABLES IN NATURAL AND FEET-TOGETHER STANCE CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 2140033
Author(s):  
JUNGHYUK KO ◽  
DO-YOUNG KWON ◽  
SU-UNG CHAE ◽  
YU-RI KWON ◽  
GWANG-MOON EOM ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Balance ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Balance Tests ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

It is important to confirm the reliability of postural balance variables because the results of balance tests would be different with different balance test protocols, i.e., stance conditions such as natural and feet-together stances. The aim of this study was to investigate the test–retest reliability of postural balance variables during the natural and feet-together stance conditions. Sixteen young healthy adults were instructed to sustain their center of body mass as stably as possible on the force plate. As balance standing conditions, natural (a comfortable self-selected stance width) and feet-together stances (placing the feet [Formula: see text] apart) were selected. The mean distance, mean velocity, mean frequency, and 95% confidence ellipse area were derived from the center of pressure (COP) time series in the overall, anteroposterior (AP), and mediolateral (ML) directions. To evaluate the test–retest reliability of the postural balance variables, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was calculated in each stance condition. Mean velocity was the most reliable variable particularly in three repeated balances within both the natural and feet together stances ([Formula: see text]–0.921). The reliability of all variables of the three balance test was greater than that of the two balance tests, mainly in the natural stance. In contrast, the mean ML distance of the feet-together stance had poor reliability despite three balance tests ([Formula: see text]). These results suggest that the balance test protocol should consider the appropriate stance conditions as well as the number of balance trials to select the reliable postural balance variables.

scholarly journals A Perturbed Postural Balance Test Using an Instrumented Treadmill – Precision and Accuracy of Belt Movement and Test-Retest Reliability of Balance Measures

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim J. Lesch ◽  
Jere Lavikainen ◽  
Vesa Hyrylä ◽  
Paavo Vartiainen ◽  
Mika Venojärvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Balance ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Balance Control ◽  
Learning Effects ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Peak Displacement ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Precision And Accuracy ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

A perturbed postural balance test can be used to investigate balance control under mechanical disturbances. The test is typically performed using purpose-built movable force plates. As instrumented treadmills become increasingly common in biomechanics laboratories and in clinical settings, these devices could be potentially used to assess and train balance control. The purpose of the study was to investigate how an instrumented treadmill applies to perturbed postural balance test. This was investigated by assessing the precision and reliability of the treadmill belt movement and the test-retest reliability of perturbed postural balance test over 5 days. Postural balance variables were calculated from the center of pressure trajectory and included peak displacement, time to peak displacement, and recovery displacement. Additionally, the study investigated short-term learning effects over the 5 days. Eight healthy participants (aged 24–43 years) were assessed for 5 consecutive days with four different perturbation protocols. Center of pressure (COP) data were collected using the force plates of the treadmill while participant and belt movements were measured with an optical motion capture system. The results show that the treadmill can reliably deliver the intended perturbations with <1% deviation in total displacement and with minimal variability between days and participants (typical errors 0.06–2.71%). However, the treadmill was not able to reach the programmed 4 m/s2 acceleration, reaching only about 75% of it. Test–retest reliability of the selected postural balance variables ranged from poor to good (ICC 0.156–0.752) with typical errors between 4.3 and 28.2%. Learning effects were detected based on linear or quadratic trends (p < 0.05) in peak displacement of the slow forward and fast backward protocols and in time to peak displacement in slow and fast backward protocols. The participants altered the initial location of the COP relative to the foot depending on the direction of the perturbation. In conclusion, the precision and accuracy of belt movement were found to be excellent. Test-retest reliability of the balance test utilizing an instrumented treadmill ranged from poor to good which is, in line with previous investigations using purpose-built devices for perturbed postural balance assessment.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF STATIC POSTURAL BALANCE IN PATIENTS WITH SWEDDS AND PARKINSON’S DISEASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (09) ◽  
pp. 2040013
Author(s):  
DO-YOUNG KWON ◽  
YOON-HYEOK CHOI ◽  
YU-RI KWON ◽  
GWANG-MOON EOM ◽  
JI-WON KIM
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Postural Balance ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Custom Made

Differentiating scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficits (SWEDDs) from Parkinson’s disease (PD) is very important to avoid costly and inappropriate interventions. The postural balance strategy patients with SWEDDs are not clear. This study investigates the difference in static postural balance between patients with SWEDDs and PD. Twenty-two patients (11 SWEDDs and 11 PD groups) and 11 control groups were instructed to quietly stand on a custom-made force platform. The outcome measures were, mean distance, 95% confidence ellipse area, mean velocity, mean frequency, peak frequency and peak power derived from the center of pressure (COP) data in overall, medio-lateral (ML) and anterio-posterior (AP) directions. As statistical analysis, ANOVA and post hoc tests were conducted for comparison of patients with SWEDDs and PD. SWEDDs patients presented a smaller postural sway size and a more frequent postural sway mainly in the ML direction ([Formula: see text]). On the contrary, there were no significant differences in mean velocity and peak power. Also, no significant differences existed between SWEDDs and normal subjects ([Formula: see text]). The results reflect that a few COP-based outcome variables might be useful to distinguish SWEDDs patients from PD patients. This study suggests that a static postural balance test can be used for clinical screening and identification of potential SWEDDs.

The Comparison of a Virtual Reality Headset and Force plate to Investigate Human Postural Control (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Sylcott ◽  
Chia-Cheng Lin ◽  
Keith Williams ◽  
Mark Hinderaker
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Position Data ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

BACKGROUND Accurately measuring postural sway is an important part of balance assessment and rehabilitation. While force plates give accurate measurements, their cost and space requirements make their use impractical in many situations. OBJECTIVE The work presented here is aimed at addressing this issue by validating a virtual reality (VR) headset as a relatively low-cost alternative for postural sway measurement. The HTC Vive (VR) headset has built-in sensors that allow for position and orientation tracking making it a potentially effective tool for balance assessments. METHODS Participants in this study were asked to stand upright on a force plate (Neurocom platform) while wearing the HTC ViveTM. Position data was collected from the headset and force plate simultaneously as participants experienced a custom-built VR environment that covered their entire field of view. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was used to examined the test-retest reliability on the postural control variables, including normalized path length (NPL), root-mean-square (RMS), and peak-to-peak (P2P), computed from the VR position output and the center of pressure (COP) data from the force plate. Liner regression were used to investigate the correlation between the VR and force plate measurements. RESULTS Results showed that the test-retest reliability of VR headset was similar to COP in RMS and P2P, ranging from .285 to .636 in VR and .228 to .759. Linear regression between VR and COP measures showed significant correlation in RMS and P2P. CONCLUSIONS Based on our results, the VR headset has potential for use in postural control measurements. However, further development of software and testing protocols for balance assessments is needed.

scholarly journals Habitual Physical Activity as a Determinant of the Effect of Moderate Physical Exercise on Postural Control in Older Men

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafał Stemplewski ◽  
Janusz Maciaszek ◽  
Maciej Tomczak ◽  
Robert Szeklicki ◽  
Dorota Sadowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Frontal Plane ◽  
Habitual Physical Activity ◽  
Similar Reaction ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Ergometer Exercise

The aim of the study was to compare the effect of exercise on postural control (PC) among the elderly with lower or higher level of habitual physical activity (HPA). The study involved 17 elderly men (mean age 72.9 ± 4.79 years). Mean velocity of the center of pressure (COP) displacements was measured using a force plate both before and after cycle ergometer exercise. A significantly higher increase in mean velocity of COP displacements and its component in the sagittal plane were observed in the group with lower level of HPA in comparison with the group with higher HPA level. Simultaneously, a relatively similar reaction to the exercise in the frontal plane was observed in both groups, possibly connected to the specific type of used exercise, which mainly activated the sagittal muscles.

Comparing Standing Balance at Real and Virtual Elevated Environments

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (26) ◽  
pp. 2169-2173
Author(s):  
Peter Simeonov ◽  
Hongwei Hsiao ◽  
Brian Dotson ◽  
Douglas Amnions
Keyword(s):  
Postural Balance ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Visual Simulation ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Deformable Surfaces ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Anterior Posterior

The study evaluated the efficacy of a surround-screen virtual reality (SSVR) system in simulating heights for studying human postural balance at elevation. Twenty four subjects performed standing tasks at 9-m elevation and ground level, on firm and deformable surfaces, in a real environment (RE) and a comparable virtual environment (VE). The RE was the interior of the high-bay laboratory at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in Morgantown, West Virginia; the VE simulated this environment in the SSVR system. Medial-lateral and anterior-posterior body sways and mean velocity of the human center-of-pressure displacement were collected using a force platform. The results indicated that the sway parameters were similar in VE and RE at elevation on both firm and deformable surfaces. At ground level, the sway parameters were significantly increased in the VE compared to the RE on a deformable surface, but not on a firm surface. It appears that visual simulation of elevated environments within a SSVR is adequate for studying the risk factors leading to losing balance and fall incidents.

Test-Retest Reliability of Center of Pressure Measures for Postural Control Assessment in Older Cardiac Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanette Dobberke ◽  
Omar Baritello ◽  
Miralem Hadzic ◽  
Heinz Völler ◽  
Sarah Eichler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Control ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Cardiac Patients ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

scholarly journals Reliability and validity of a Mediterranean diet and culinary index (MediCul) tool in an older population with mild cognitive impairment

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (10) ◽  
pp. 1189-1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Radd-Vagenas ◽  
Maria A. Fiatarone Singh ◽  
Michael Inskip ◽  
Yorgi Mavros ◽  
Nicola Gates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Systematic Bias ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

AbstractDementia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality without pharmacologic prevention or cure. Mounting evidence suggests that adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern may slow cognitive decline, and is important to characterise in at-risk cohorts. Thus, we determined the reliability and validity of the Mediterranean Diet and Culinary Index (MediCul), a new tool, among community-dwelling individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). A total of sixty-eight participants (66 % female) aged 75·9 (sd 6·6) years, from the Study of Mental and Resistance Training study MCI cohort, completed the fifty-item MediCul at two time points, followed by a 3-d food record (FR). MediCul test–retest reliability was assessed using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC), Bland–Altman plots and κ agreement within seventeen dietary element categories. Validity was assessed against the FR using the Bland–Altman method and nutrient trends across MediCul score tertiles. The mean MediCul score was 54·6/100·0, with few participants reaching thresholds for key Mediterranean foods. MediCul had very good test–retest reliability (ICC=0·93, 95 % CI 0·884, 0·954, P<0·0001) with fair-to-almost-perfect agreement for classifying elements within the same category. Validity was moderate with no systematic bias between methods of measurement, according to the regression coefficient (y=−2·30+0·17x) (95 % CI −0·027, 0·358; P=0·091). MediCul over-estimated the mean FR score by 6 %, with limits of agreement being under- and over-estimated by 11 and 23 %, respectively. Nutrient trends were significantly associated with increased MediCul scoring, consistent with a Mediterranean pattern. MediCul provides reliable and moderately valid information about Mediterranean diet adherence among older individuals with MCI, with potential application in future studies assessing relationships between diet and cognitive function.

Dynamic and Static Assessment of Single-Leg Postural Control in Female Soccer Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-178
Author(s):  
Kelly M. Meiners ◽  
Janice K. Loudon
Keyword(s):  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Left Lower Extremity ◽  
Static Assessment ◽  
Dynamic Postural Stability

Purpose/Background: Various methods are available for assessment of static and dynamic postural stability. The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dynamic postural stability as measured by the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) and static postural sway assessment as measured by the TechnoBody™ Pro-Kin in female soccer players. A secondary purpose was to determine side-to-side symmetry in this cohort. Methods: A total of 18 female soccer players completed testing on the SEBT and Technobody™ Pro-Kin balance device. Outcome measures were anterior, posterior medial, and posterior lateral reaches from the SEBT and center of pressure in the x- and y-axes as well as SD of movement in the forward/backward and medial/lateral directions from the force plate on left and right legs. Bivariate correlations were determined between the 8 measures. In addition, paired Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were performed to determine similarity between limb scores. Results: All measures on both the SEBT and postural sway assessment were significantly correlated when comparing dominant with nondominant lower-extremities with the exception of SD of movement in both x- and y-axes. When correlating results of the SEBT with postural sway assessment, a significant correlation was found between the SEBT right lower-extremity posterior lateral reach (r = .567, P < .05) and summed SEBT (r = .486, P < .05) and the center of pressure in the y-axis. A significant correlation was also found on the left lower-extremity, with SD of forward/backward movement and SEBT posterior medial reach (r = −.511, P < .05). Conclusions: Dynamic postural tests and static postural tests provide different information to the overall assessment of balance in female soccer players. Relationship between variables differed based on the subject’s lower-extremity dominance.

The TAPS Project. 9: The Reliability of the Patient Attitude Questionnaire

1993 ◽  
Vol 162 (S19) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham Thornicroft ◽  
Christopher Gooch ◽  
Catherine O'Driscoll ◽  
Sawsan Reda
Keyword(s):  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Kappa Coefficient ◽  
Attitudinal Change ◽  
Attitude Questionnaire ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Patient Attitude ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

The development of the hospital and community versions of the Patient Attitude Questionnaire is described. The instrument rates the attitudes of psychiatric patients towards their treatment settings and staff, and is framed specifically to assess attitudinal change during the transfer of patients from hospital. For the items rated using the kappa coefficient of agreement, the mean test-retest reliability value was 0.51, and the average inter-rater value was 0.82. This study shows that long-term psychiatric patients are able to give clear and consistent views about their living arrangements - views that should be sought and respected by staff.

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