scholarly journals Predictable Robots for Autistic Children—Variance in Robot Behaviour, Idiosyncrasies in Autistic Children’s Characteristics, and Child–Robot Engagement

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-42
Author(s):  
Bob R. Schadenberg ◽  
Dennis Reidsma ◽  
Vanessa Evers ◽  
Daniel P. Davison ◽  
Jamy J. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Language Ability ◽  
Skill Learning ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Visual Component ◽  
Behavioural Engagement ◽  
The Individual

Predictability is important to autistic individuals, and robots have been suggested to meet this need as they can be programmed to be predictable, as well as elicit social interaction. The effectiveness of robot-assisted interventions designed for social skill learning presumably depends on the interplay between robot predictability, engagement in learning, and the individual differences between different autistic children. To better understand this interplay, we report on a study where 24 autistic children participated in a robot-assisted intervention. We manipulated the variance in the robot’s behaviour as a way to vary predictability, and measured the children’s behavioural engagement, visual attention, as well as their individual factors. We found that the children will continue engaging in the activity behaviourally, but may start to pay less visual attention over time to activity-relevant locations when the robot is less predictable. Instead, they increasingly start to look away from the activity. Ultimately, this could negatively influence learning, in particular for tasks with a visual component. Furthermore, severity of autistic features and expressive language ability had a significant impact on behavioural engagement. We consider our results as preliminary evidence that robot predictability is an important factor for keeping children in a state where learning can occur.

Improving Efficiency in Robot Assisted Belt Grinding of High Performance Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 907 ◽  
pp. 139-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eckart Uhlmann ◽  
Florian Heitmüller
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Belt Grinding ◽  
Economy Of Scale ◽  
The Individual

In gas turbines and turbo jet engines, high performance materials such as nickel-based alloys are widely used for blades and vanes. In the case of repair, finishing of complex turbine blades made of high performance materials is carried out predominantly manually. The repair process is therefore quite time consuming. And the costs of presently available repair strategies, especially for integrated parts, are high, due to the individual process planning and great amount of manually performed work steps. Moreover, there are severe risks of partial damage during manually conducted repair. All that leads to the fact that economy of scale effects remain widely unused for repair tasks, although the piece number of components to be repaired is increasing significantly. In the future, a persistent automation of the repair process chain should be achieved by developing adaptive robot assisted finishing strategies. The goal of this research is to use the automation potential for repair tasks by developing a technology that enables industrial robots to re-contour turbine blades via force controlled belt grinding.

Factors associated with successful return to work in young heart failure and ischaemic heart disease patients following index hospital admission

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
HV Thakkar ◽  
L Hollingsworth ◽  
JA Enright ◽  
S Sanderson ◽  
RJ Macfadyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Return To Work ◽  
Decompensated Heart Failure ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
P Value ◽  
Complex Interplay ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: None. Background Factors influencing return to remunerated work following an acute cardiac illness are poorly defined. We wished to compare the factors in our cohorts following first presentation of acute coronary syndrome(ACS) and decompensated heart failure(HF). Methods Prospectively identified subjects, aged 18-65years, from a rehabilitation population for ACS and HF during 2018-2019 underwent a survey. Results Of 133cases meeting inclusion criteria, 84 completed the survey(41 HF, 80% male, mean age 55years; 43 ACS, 86% male, mean age 57years). Socio-economic indexes for Areas(SIEFA) index were similar for HF(900) & ACS(909) groups, which represents 11th and 14th percentile for Australia respectively. Cardiovascular risk factors were similar except hypercholesterolemia(37% v 60%; p = 0.029) was more common in ACS. Many subjects did not continue beyond Yr12, (54% HF v 30% ACS; p = 0.029). A majority of ACS cases returned to work as compared with HF(70% v 44%; p = 0.017)(Figure). On multivariate analysis, male gender[p = 0.031;OR 13.71 (1.28-147.36)]; access to financial benefits[p < 0.001;OR 22.75 (4.31-119.99)] and a desire to return to work [p = 0.014;OR 12.1 (1.67-87.82)] were associated with successful return to work (Table). Limitations Our study has small numbers so will be difficult to generalise to a wider population. We do show a signal towards the complex interplay of the social and individual factors in determining return to work. Further larger studies are required to tease out the differences between the individual factors to help predict return to work in the Australian context. Conclusion Successful return to work for patients with first presentation of ACS or HF could not be reliably predicted. Patients with ACS returned to work more often than HF. In HF patients who do n to return to work, recurrent symptoms, individual motivation, social support and access to financial benefits have a complex interplay. Predictors of return to work Predictor P value OR (95% CI) Diagnosis (heart failure) 0.095 0.29 (0.07, 1.24) Gender (male) 0.031 13.71 (1.28, 147.36) Access to benefit (none) <0.001 22.75 (4.31, 119.99) Desire to RTW (yes) 0.014 12.1 (1.67, 87.82) Abstract Figure. Rates of return to work in the 2 groups

Telephone Conversations Affect the Executive but not the Alerting or Orienting Network

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melina Kunar ◽  
Derrick Watson ◽  
Rhiannon Richards ◽  
Daniel Gunnell
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Selective Attention ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Attentional Networks ◽  
Attention Tasks ◽  
Conflict Effect ◽  
The Individual

Previous work has shown that talking on a mobile phone leads to an impairment of visual attention. Gunnell et al. (2020) investigated the locus of these dual-task impairments and found that although phone conversations led to cognitive delays in response times, other mechanisms underlying particular selective attention tasks were unaffected. Here we investigated which attentional networks, if any, were impaired by having a phone conversation. We used the Attentional Network Task (ANT) to evaluate performance of the alerting, orienting and executive attentional networks, both in conditions where people were engaged in a conversation and where they were silent. Two experiments showed that there was a robust delay in response across all three networks. However, at the individual network level, holding a conversation did not influence the size of the alerting or orienting effects but it did reduce the size of the conflict effect within the executive network. The findings suggest that holding a conversation can reduce the overall speed of responding and, via its influence on the executive network, can reduce the amount of information that can be processed from the environment.

scholarly journals MOTIVASI KEWIRAUSAHAAN PETANI PADI ORGANIK DI KABUPATEN BANTUL

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Nur Ratmawati ◽  
Triyono Triyono ◽  
Sriyadi Sriyadi
Keyword(s):  
Credit Market ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Organic Rice ◽  
Interview Survey ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Individual

The  improvement  of  farmers’  welfare,  especially  rice  farmers  require efforts  to  improve  the  ability  of  farmers  to  produce  quality  products  and  which  is competitive. An effort that can be done is to increase the motivation of entrepreneur communities  through  organic  farming  which  can  be  expected  to  ensure  the preservation of the environment for sustainable production, achieve food security at the same time improving the welfare of people that having quality.This research aims to identify the motivation of entrepreneur    farmers and the individual factors and the influence  of  environments.  The  study  was  conducted  by  interview  survey  method  on organic rice farmers, then it was analyzed by descriptive and regression analysis. The results showed that the general motivation of entrepreneur farmers is strong enough. Factors that influence entrepreneurmotivation is the business environment; access to credit, market orientation, a network of cooperation and support from the government as well as individual factors, namely education.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Students’ Preferences for Online and Blended Learning: Motivational Vs. Cognitive

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinan Keskin ◽  
Halil Yurdugül
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environment ◽  
Blended Learning ◽  
Learning Environments ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Task Value ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
E Learning ◽  
The Individual

AbstractToday’s educational institutions are expected to create learning opportunities independent of time and place, to offer easily accessible learning environments and interpersonal communication opportunities. Accordingly, higher education institutions develop strategies to meet these expectations through teaching strategies, such as e-learning, blended learning, mobile learning, etc., by using teaching technologies. These new technology-based teaching strategies are mainly shaped by decision-makers in education. This study seeks to analyse the individual factors that affect learners’ mode of teaching and learning delivery preferences. In this study, blended and online learning is considered as preferences of learners’ mode of teaching and learning delivery. The individual factors discussed in this research are cognitive learning strategies, e-learning readiness, and motivation. The data were obtained from the pre-service teachers at the end of the academic semester when they experienced online and blended learning. Data were analysed using optimal scaling analysis. The analysis method provides a two-dimensional centroid graph which shows the correlations between the variable categories. According to study findings, there is a correlation between the preferences of the learning environment, and the constructs of self-efficacy, e-learning motivation, and task value. It can be said that the motivational variables are more effective in the learning environment preference. The students with high task value, e-learning motivation, and self-efficacy preferred studying in blended learning environments. Cognitive strategies, self-directed learning, learner control, and test anxiety factors are independent of the learners’ learning delivery preferences.

scholarly journals PENGARUH FAKTOR INDIVIDU DAN FAKTOR ORGANISASI TERHADAP KOMITMEN ORGANISASI (Studi pada Guru SMAN di Kecamatan Labuapi Kabupaten Lombok Barat)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irfan
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Individual Factor ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Great Expectations ◽  
School Activities ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Multipleregression Analysis

A number of teachers are found unenergetic and undisciplined because of some reasons, suchas no appreciation of they did at work, exclusion of school activities, no trust from the school leaders,no proper treatment in terms of promotion. All of these problems happen among teachers of LabuapiHigh School of West Lombok Regency. This study aims to investigate the significant influence ofindividual and organizational factors, either simultaneously or partially, on the teachers’Organizational Commitment.This research is categorized as an associative study. The population encompassed all 70 highschool teachers in Labuapi Distric of West Lombok Regency. These teachers were all taken assamples of the study. Data collection method involved the use of a questionnaire containingquestions about the Individual Factors, Organizational Factors, and Organizational Commitment.The data were analyzed using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis.Results of the study indicate that the Individual and Organizational Factors simultaneouslyand partially had a significant effect on the dependent variable of Organizational Commitment. Themost dominant variable affecting Organizational commitment was the individual factor. This studyrecommends that principals of High Schools in Labuapi District of West Lombok constantly meetteachers' great expectations towards work appreciation, involve them emotionally in work-relatedactivities, nurture teacher's responsibility to work, develop a sense of pride for the teachers, providethem with more education training and pastoral care for students, increase the amount of free time togather with family, and reduce the pressure in both career and family matters.Keywords: Individual Factors, Organizational Factors, Organizational Commitment, MultipleRegression Analysis.

Heredity and Environment in Phoneme Articulation: Hereditary and Environmental Contributions to Articulation Proficiency

1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
W. E. Dixon ◽  
A. P. Matheny ◽  
S. R. Mohr
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Behavioral Genetics ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Factor Scores ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
The Individual

AbstractLarge twin samples and recent applications of multiple regression techniques to behavioral genetics methodology makes possible evaluation of genetic and environmental contributions to the articulation proficiency of individual phonemes. Factor analysis of the articulation scores from 256 MZ and DZ twins and 124 of their non-twin siblings (all children ranged from 2; 11 to 9; 8 years) were conducted to reduce a 50-item articulation test to a more manageable set of five articulation factors. The twins' factor scores were then analyzed using multiple regression procedures to determine the extent to which the individual factors resulted from genetic and/or environmental influences. The /r/ and /∫, t∫, dƺ/ factors were found to have strong genetic components, while the /l, j, w/ factor was found to be strongly influenced by environmental sources of variation.

Understanding Consumer Behavior Through Eye-Tracking

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-81
Author(s):  
H. Serhat Cerci ◽  
A. Selcuk Koyluoglu
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Tracking Device ◽  
Tracking Module ◽  
Individual Examination

The purpose of this chapter, which is designed to measure where and how the consumer focuses in an advertising brochure, which visual is more striking, and how much eye strain (twitch) it takes, is to measure the density and visual attention of the eyes through the eye-tracking device during the individual examination. For this study, an experimental laboratory for neuromarketing research was used. After watching the videos and images of the participants in the eye-tracking module, the general evaluations were taken to determine what they remembered, and a comparison opportunity was born. According to the findings, logos, and photographs are more effective than texts. Viewers read large text and skip small text. Suggestions for future research are presented in the chapter.

Individual Factors Affecting the Participation of Turkish People in the New Individual Pension System

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-110
Author(s):  
Emine Ebru Aksoy
Keyword(s):  
Pension System ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Individual Factors ◽  
Limited Participation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
System A ◽  
Opt Out ◽  
Turkish People ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Individual

In Turkey, the first step of the individual pension system was based on volunteerism, but the voluntary system resulted in limited participation. Thus, the second step of the system has started to be implemented mandatorily since 2017, and participants were allowed to opt-out the system within two months. More than half of participants in the system preferred to leave the system. Therefore, this study aims to examine individual factors affecting their decision of staying in this system. A survey study was conducted with 374 people selected using the random sampling method. As a result of the study, a positive relationship was found only between the dependent variable and gender, but a significant relationship was determined only between the dependent variable and education level. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that if the system will need to be improved, the low-performing fund management of the new individual pension system should be re-audited, and the confidence in the system should be increased in this way.

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