scholarly journals DESIRE: Leveraging the best of centralized and decentralized contact tracing systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
antoine boutet ◽  
Claude Castelluccia ◽  
Mathieu Cunche ◽  
Cédric Lauradoux ◽  
Vincent Roca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Privacy Risk ◽  
Decentralized Systems ◽  
Notification System ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Real Condition

Contact tracing in case of pandemic is becoming an essential mitigation tool for national health services to break infection chains and preventing the virus from spreading further. To support manual tracing, several countries have been developing contact tracing apps that detect nearby mobile phones using Bluetooth. Such data collection raised privacy concerns and several privacy-preserving protocols have been proposed to prevent the leakage of personal and sensitive information. These solutions are mainly divided into two categories using a centralized or a decentralized exposure score computation. However, both approaches depict limitations. This paper presents Desire, a novel exposure notification system which leverages the best of centralized and decentralized systems. As opposed to existing contact tracing schemes, desire leverages Private Encounter Tokens (PETs) generated locally on the device that uniquely identify an encounter between two nodes while being private and unlinkable by the server. The role of the server is merely to match PETs generated by diagnosed users with the pets provided by requesting users. Our privacy risk analysis shows that Desire drastically improves privacy against malicious users (i.e., limitation of decentralized systems) and authority (i.e., limitation of centralised systems). We implemented Desire and evaluated it in real condition.

The Ubiquitous Role of Mobile Phones in Value Co-Creation Through Social Media Marketing

2021 ◽  
pp. 2166-2180
Author(s):  
Syed Far Abid Hossain ◽  
Xu Shan ◽  
Abdul Qadeer
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Social Media Marketing ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Shed Light

The purpose of this paper is to ascertain the contemporary role of mobile phones in value co-creation through social media marketing. How mobile phones, in particular, smartphones with the help of numerous social media generate value co-creation, is the key objective of this study. A random sampling method was used to conduct a survey in different universities in China to identify the role of mobile phones in value co-creation. Findings from primary data collection indicated that mobile phones play a vital role in value co-creation because of the extensive use of social media. If value co-creation through social media marketing develops with the help of producers, suppliers and other intermediaries with the necessary technology and trust, the society, as well as customers, may enjoy a unique way of shopping. Future studies with mixed methodology and respondents who use different social media as a tool to generate value co-creation may shed light on the undiscovered phenomenon of social media marketing in the context of the mobile phone.

scholarly journals The multifaceted role of mobile technologies as a strategy to combat COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Teixeira ◽  
J. Doetsch
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Potential Conflict ◽  
Health Crisis

Abstract The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China rapidly spread throughout the world, becoming a threatening pandemic with unprecedented consequences. Mobile technologies have led to a revolution in health and their applicability in the context of COVID-19 is promising. In this commentary, we provide an overview of the role that mobile technologies play in the COVID-19 pandemic context and discuss the main issues associated. Four main domains stood out: health communication, prevention, support and research. Strengthening local surveillance systems, geographic contact tracing, support for clinical practice and data collection of real-time longitudinal data at the population level are some of the main advantages of the applications reported so far. The potential conflict to data privacy urges for discussion on their use in a responsible manner. Along with fair regulation and close monitoring of data collection and process, data anonymisation must be a standard and personal data must be deleted after its usage. Preparation is key for effective containment of a public health crisis and learning lessons on the role of mobile technologies is useful for future challenges in global health. It is noteworthy that their use must be driven by an equitable and inclusive orientation, and mostly integrated into an articulated policy to respond to the crisis.

scholarly journals Towards Privacy Paradigm Shift Due to the Pandemic: A Brief Perspective

Inventions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Abdul Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Privacy Protection ◽  
Credit Card ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Mobile Apps ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Health Authorities

With the advent of the pandemic (e.g., novel corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19)), a tremendous amount of data about individuals are collected by the health authorities on daily basis for curbing the disease’s spread. The individuals’ data collection/processing at a massive scale for community well-being with the help of digital solutions (e.g., mobile apps for mobility and proximity analysis, contact tracing through credit card usage history, facial recognition through cameras, and crowd analysis using cellular networks data etc.) raise several privacy concerns. Furthermore, the privacy concerns that are arising mainly due to the fine-grained data collection has hindered the response to tackle this pandemic in many countries. Hence, acquiring/handling individuals data with privacy protection has become a vibrant area of research in these pandemic times. This paper explains the shift in privacy paradigm due to the pandemic (e.g., COVID-19) which involves more and detailed data collection about individuals including locations and demographics. We explain technical factors due to which the people’s privacy is at higher risk in the COVID-19 time. In addition, we discuss privacy concerns in different epidemic control measures (ECMs) (e.g., contact tracing, quarantine monitoring, and symptoms reporting etc.) employed by the health authorities to tackle this disease. Further, we provide an insight on the data management in the ECMs with privacy protection. Finally, the future prospects of the research in this area tacking into account the emerging technologies are discussed. Through this brief article, we aim to provide insights about the vulnerability to user’s privacy in pandemic times, likely privacy issues in different ECMs adopted by most countries around the world, how to preserve user’s privacy effectively in all phases of the ECMs considering relevant data in loop, and conceptual foundations of ECMs to fight with future pandemics in a privacy preserving manner.

scholarly journals Implementasi Pembelajaran Tematik Berbasis Sistem dalam Jaringan di Kelas II Sekolah Dasar Negeri Karangmangu 02

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 362
Author(s):  
Sairah Sairah
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Teacher Motivation ◽  
Online System ◽  
Parental Assistance ◽  
Inhibiting Factors ◽  
Study Implementation ◽  
Thematic Learning ◽  
Stable Network

<p><em>This research aims to describe implementation of system-based thematic learning, in terms of supporting and inhibiting factors, efforts to optimize supporting factors, and overcoming inhibiting factors. This research was conducted at thrid grade SDN Karangmangu 02 Kab Tegal. This research used descriptive qualitative methods. The subjects of this research were teachers, students, and parents. Data collection techniques were observation, interviews, and document study. Implementation of online system-based thematic learning to regard condition of students and parents considerations. In implementation there are supporting factors are interest in learning, maximum parental assistance, availability of mobile phones, internet quota, and a stable network. While the inhibiting factors are lazy to learn, less maximal parental assistance, limited cellphone facilities, internet quota limited, and unstable network. Efforts to optimize the supporting factors are motivation and data collection on the distribution of internet quota assistance on a regular basis. Efforts to overcome inhibiting factors are teacher motivation and assistance, between parents and students, as well as the role of the community. This research is important for improve learning during the Covid-19 pandemic.</em></p>

Designing Better Exposure Notification Apps: The Role of Persuasive Design (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiemute Oyibo ◽  
Plinio Pelegrini Morita
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Motivational Design ◽  
The Government

UNSTRUCTURED Digital contact tracing apps have been deployed worldwide to limit the spread of COVID-19 during this pandemic and to facilitate the lifting of public health restrictions. However, the apps are yet to be widely adopted and require a critical mass of users to be successful. Privacy concerns aside, the minimalist and non-motivational design of the contact tracing apps have been identified as key factors that contribute to low uptake. Using the Government of Canada’s exposure notification app, COVID Alert, as a case study, we demonstrated how incorporating persuasive features in contract tracing apps may improve uptake, usage, reporting diagnosis, and compliance with social distancing guidelines.

Privacy concerns with COVID-19 tracking apps: a privacy calculus approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Fernandes ◽  
Marta Costa
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Societal Benefits ◽  
Privacy Calculus ◽  
Moderating Role

Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic represents a unique challenge for public health worldwide. In this context, smartphone-based tracking apps play an important role in controlling transmission. However, privacy concerns may compromise the population’s willingness to adopt this mobile health (mHealth) technology. Based on the privacy calculus theory, this study aims to examine what factors drive or hinder adoption and disclosure, considering the moderating role of age and health status. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a European country hit by the pandemic that has recently launched a COVID-19 contact-tracing app. Data from 504 potential users was analyzed through partial least squares structural equation modeling. Findings Results indicate that perceived benefits and privacy concerns impact adoption and disclosure and confirm the existence of a privacy paradox. However, for young and healthy users, only benefits have a significant effect. Moreover, older people value more personal than societal benefits while for respondents with a chronical disease privacy concerns outweigh personal benefits. Originality/value The study contributes to consumer privacy research and to the mHealth literature, where privacy issues have been rarely explored, particularly regarding COVID-19 contact-tracing apps. The study re-examines the privacy calculus by incorporating societal benefits and moving from a traditional “self-focus” approach to an “other-focus” perspective. This study further adds to prior research by examining the moderating role of age and health condition, two COVID-19 risk factors. This study thus offers critical insights for governments and health organizations aiming to use these tools to reduce COVID-19 transmission rates.

The Effect of Prestige Sensitivity on Price Acceptance in Vietnam’s Mobile Phone Market

2018 ◽  
pp. 97-112
Author(s):  
Huyen Thi Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Minh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Product Knowledge ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Modelling Method ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Convenience Sampling

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of prestige sensitivity on mobile phone customer’s price acceptance in Vietnam and the mediating role of product knowledge and price mavenism on this relationship. We used the convenience sampling method for data collection via questionnaires with a sample of 605 consumers who purchased mobile phones. The collected data was analysed by applying a structural equation modelling method. The result indicates that prestige sensitivity has both direct and indirect effects on price acceptance via product knowledge and price mavenism. The findings suggest that prestige sensitivity can be used as a market segmentation criterion for mobile phones when making price decisions and providing customers with adequate information could improve price acceptance.

Analisis Pengembalian Kredit Terhadap Profitabilitas Pada PT Bank Sumut Cabang Gunungsitoli

Owner ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Victorinus Laoli
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Business Continuity ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
The People ◽  
Data Collection Technique

One manifestation of the important role of banking in a region, as implemented by PT Bank Sumut, Gunungsitoli Branch, is to distribute loans for investment, consumption and working capital for the people in the area. The purpose of providing credit for banks is the return of credit that earns interest and can increase income to finance activities and business continuity. From the results of research conducted with this data collection technique, it shows that PT Bank Sumut has a number of loans from 2009 to 2014 which each year rises. From this study, it is also known that the rate of credit repayment has a positive influence on the level of profitability.

Participant recruitment and data collection through Facebook: the role of personality factors

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean Chandler Rife ◽  
Kelly L. Cate ◽  
Michal Kosinski ◽  
David Stillwell
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Social Networking Service ◽  
Participant Recruitment ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Promising Avenue

As participant recruitment and data collection over the Internet have become more common, numerous observers have expressed concern regarding the validity of research conducted in this fashion. One growing method of conducting research over the Internet involves recruiting participants and administering questionnaires over Facebook, the world’s largest social networking service. If Facebook is to be considered a viable platform for social research, it is necessary to demonstrate that Facebook users are sufficiently heterogeneous and that research conducted through Facebook is likely to produce results that can be generalized to a larger population. The present study examines these questions by comparing demographic and personality data collected over Facebook with data collected through a standalone website, and data collected from college undergraduates at two universities. Results indicate that statistically significant differences exist between Facebook data and the comparison data-sets, but since 80% of analyses exhibited partial η2 &lt; .05, such differences are small or practically nonsignificant in magnitude. We conclude that Facebook is a viable research platform, and that recruiting Facebook users for research purposes is a promising avenue that offers numerous advantages over traditional samples.

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