Vine Weevil, Otiorhynchus sulcatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Management: Current State and Future Perspectives

2022 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-238
Author(s):  
Tom W. Pope ◽  
Joe M. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Management ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Otiorhynchus Sulcatus ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Black Vine Weevil ◽  
Management Approaches

Vine weevil, also known as black vine weevil, Otiorhynchus sulcatus, has been one of the most economically important pest species of global horticultural crops for the past five decades. This period has seen many changes in crop protection practices, including wide-scale adoption of biological controls such as entomopathogenic nematodes and fungi in place of conventional synthetic insecticides. Despite the experimental efficacy of these controls, growers continue to report significant crop losses associated with vine weevil infestation. We argue that simply switching from synthetic insecticides to biological controls, rather than using these controls as part of an integrated management program, is a key factor in the continued importance of this pest. An improved understanding of vine weevil biology and ecology is at the center of the development of truly integrated pest management programs. To this end, we identify opportunities created through recent vine weevil research and highlight key knowledge gaps in which further research may contribute to improved future management approaches.

Spider mites of agricultural importance in China, with focus on species composition during the last decade (2008–2017) 

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng-Yu Jin ◽  
Lu Tian ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Xiao-Yue Hong
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Panonychus Citri ◽  
Important Species ◽  
River Region

Understanding pest species composition and their geographic distribution of important spider mites is fundamental and indispensable to establish an integrated pest management program. From a long-term survey during 2008–2017 in mainland China, we found that Tetranychus truncatus was the most frequently sampled Tetranychus spider mite (48.5%), followed by T. pueraricola (21.2%), T. kanzawai (12.5%), T. urticae (red) (5.7%) and T. urticae (green) (4.5%). Among them, T. truncatus was the major mite pest in the north of China. T. kanzawai was the dominant species in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River Region and T. pueraricola was the most important species in the southwest region. Other common and serious pests include Amphitetranychus viennensis (6.8%) and Panonychus citri (3.8%). This pattern was largely different from that in 2002–2004, when T. urticae (green and red) was believed to be the most serious mite pest. The factors involved in the change of species composition are not clear and need more exploration. We suggested that the increasing corn planting range may be partly responsible for the conversion of dominant species from other spider mites to T. truncatus. Further research on the mechanisms underlying the change of dominant species will help develop integrated management strategies.

scholarly journals Context-Dependence and the Development of Push-Pull Approaches for Integrated Management of Drosophila suzukii

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen T. Alkema ◽  
Marcel Dicke ◽  
Bregje Wertheim
Keyword(s):  
Systems Approach ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Context Dependence ◽  
Context Dependency ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Drosophila Suzukii ◽  
Fundamental Knowledge

Sustainable pest control requires a systems approach, based on a thorough ecological understanding of an agro-ecosystem. Such fundamental understanding provides a basis for developing strategies to manipulate the pest’s behaviour, distribution, and population dynamics, to be employed for crop protection. This review focuses on the fundamental knowledge required for the development of an effective push-pull approach. Push-pull is a strategy to repel a pest from a crop, while attracting it toward an external location. It often relies on infochemicals (e.g., pheromones or allelochemicals) that are relevant in the ecology of the pest insect and can be exploited as lure or repellent. Importantly, responsiveness of insects to infochemicals is dependent on both the insect’s internal physiological state and external environmental conditions. This context-dependency reflects the integration of cues from different sensory modalities, the effect of mating and/or feeding status, as well as diurnal or seasonal rhythms. Furthermore, when the costs of responding to an infochemical outweigh the benefits, resistance can rapidly evolve. Here, we argue that profound knowledge on context-dependence is important for the development and implementation of push-pull approaches. We illustrate this by discussing the relevant fundamental knowledge on the invasive pest species Drosophila suzukii as an example.

scholarly journals Ecological applications of Pseudomonas as a biopesticide to control two-spotted mite Tetranychus urticae: chitinase and HCN production

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Redouan Qessaoui ◽  
Rachid Bouharroud ◽  
Abderrahim Amarraque ◽  
Abdelhadi Ajerrar ◽  
El Hassan Mayad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite ◽  
Identification Analysis

Abstract The two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) is an important pest of many horticultural crops. A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of three fluorescent Pseudomonas isolates obtained from rhizospheric soil of tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) in Agadir, Morocco: Q110B, Q036B and Q172B, as potential biological control agents for T. urticae. Both acaricide and repellent activities were assessed on homogenous adult mites. The acaricidal activity test evaluated five concentrations of bacterial suspensions: 0 (control), 102, 104, 106, 108, and 1010 cfu · ml−1, while only the 1010 cfu ∙ ml−1 concentration of each bacterium was used for the repellent bioassay. The mortality rate and repellentindex were recorded 24, 48 and 72 h after application. Results indicated that the survival rate of T. urticae was reduced (p ≤ 0.01) by all three bacterial isolates compared to control. Within the 24–72 h time period the mortality rates ranged from 8 to 87%, 16 to 99%, and 13 to 89%, for Q110B, Q036B and Q172B isolates, respectively. The isolate Q036B (LC50 = 0.598 cfu · ml−1) provided higher mortality rates than Q172B and Q110B with LC50 values of 90,846 and 169,585 cfu · ml−1, respectively. Repellent activity was also the highest with Pseudomonas Q036B having a 71% repellence index at 48 h after application. Regarding the mechanism of action, all three isolates produced hydrogen cyanide, and exhibited protease and cellulose activities, although only Q036B and Q172B had potential chitinase action. Identification analysis showed that the isolates were either Pseudomonas putida (Q172B) or P. fluorescens (Q110B and Q036B). Our results indicate that the P. fluorescens isolate Q036B is a promising candidate for biological control of T. urticae, and has potential to contribute to an integrated pest management program to control this important pest. Then the fruits produced will be qualified as safe for consumers and the environment. The present work was customized to give support for policy decision makers as an agroecological potential meeting needs of industries and ecological balance.

scholarly journals Integrated Management of Tomato Whitefly Under Greenhouse Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 443
Author(s):  
Jonas A. Arnemann ◽  
Júlia G. Bevilaqua ◽  
Lauro Bernardi ◽  
Danielle O. da Rosa ◽  
Fábio A. da Encarnação ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Management ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Crop Cycle

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889) is a major pest species in many agricultural crops worldwide. Growers from the Vale do Caí region, in Southern Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul state) have been facing severe economic losses due to the increasing damages caused by this sucking insect in their horticultural crops. Small-scale farming in the Vale do Caí region relies heavily on horticulture, with many families involved in the activity and a consumer market spread throughout the whole state. Virus transmission and other damages inflicted by B. tabaci are especially harmful to tomato plants, and the managing of the pest currently demands two thirds of all chemical insecticides used in the region. While chemical control remains the main strategy for whitefly management on tomato crops, control failures and lack of updated information have led tomato growers to raise the number of sprays per crop cycle, with selection of resistant populations and harmful effects on the environment as consequent risks. The aim of this work was to evaluate chemical compounds and bioinsecticides in the control of B. tabaci nymphs and adults on tomato plants grown in two different greenhouses and under natural infestation conditions. The most efficient treatment for the control of B. tabaci adults was cyantraniliprole + lambda-cyhalothrin (50+30 g a.i. ha-1) with 64% of average control efficiency. As for nymph control, the most efficient treatment was the Embrapa formula, a bioinsecticide composed of 0.5% flaxseed oil + 0.5% neutral detergent + 0.3% sodium bicarbonate, which resulted in 72% of whitefly control in average.

The influence of weather parameters on crucifer flea beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) capture heights

2014 ◽  
Vol 147 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Tansey ◽  
Lloyd M. Dosdall ◽  
Julie J. Soroka ◽  
B. Andrew Keddie
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Flea Beetle ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Minimum Relative Humidity ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Crucifer Flea Beetle

AbstractThe crucifer flea beetle, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is the most important pest of seedling canola, Brassica napus Linnaeus (Brassicaceae), in North America, yet effects of weather on its dispersal and flight activity are not completely understood. We investigated effects of ambient temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, atmospheric pressure, barometric flux, and precipitation on capture heights of P. cruciferae over four site-years in Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada. Capture heights increased with mean ambient temperatures for both generations of beetles, with 15°C determined as an estimated minimum temperature for flight. Although capture heights decreased with greater minimum relative humidity, and atmospheric pressure, and increased with greater mean wind speed, the contributions of these factors were determined to be minor relative to that of mean temperature. Results of the current study will contribute to more accurate predictions of the invasion of canola crops by P. cruciferae and contribute to improved integrated management of this important pest species.

Effect of horticultural oil on oviposition behaviour and egg survival in the obliquebanded leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.H. Wins-Purdy ◽  
C. Whitehouse ◽  
G.J.R. Judd ◽  
M.L. Evenden
Keyword(s):  
Topical Application ◽  
Gravid Female ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Oviposition Behaviour ◽  
Contact Toxicity ◽  
Choristoneura Rosaceana ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Egg Survival ◽  
Obliquebanded Leafroller ◽  
Important Pest

AbstractThe effects of the horticultural oil Purespray Green on oviposition behaviour and egg development in the obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris), were investigated through dual-choice and no-choice bioassays and topical applications of oil to developing eggs. A residual 2% (v/v) oil spray on wax-paper and apple-leaf substrates significantly reduced both the number of eggs laid and egg survival in no-choice assays; however, this effect diminished 3 days after treatment. In dual-choice assays, females laid significantly fewer eggs on oil-treated apple leaves than on control leaves, but laid equal numbers of eggs on the oil-treated wax paper and the untreated wax-paper controls. Topical application of oil caused significant dose-dependent mortality of both newly laid eggs and eggs just before hatch, and these two egg stages were equally susceptible to the oil. Topical application of 2% oil caused >99% egg mortality. Our data indicate that gravid female C. rosaceana can assess and reject oil-sprayed surfaces and that the oil can kill eggs through both contact toxicity and suffocation. These characteristics suggest that highly purified horticultural oils like Purespray Green could play a role in an integrated pest management program for this important pest species.

Percussion signals of Lygus rugulipennis Poppius (Heteroptera: Miridae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 543-549
Author(s):  
Sándor Koczor ◽  
Andrej Cokl
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Laser Vibrometer ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Tarnished Plant Bug ◽  
Lygus Rugulipennis ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Study Laboratory

AbstractThe European tarnished plant bug (Lygus rugulipennis Poppius) is among the most serious pests in the family Miridae, and therefore there is increasing interest in understanding the behaviour of this species. In the present study, laboratory recordings were taken using a laser vibrometer on adult males and females to ascertain whether acoustic signals are involved in intraspecific communication. Recordings were both carried out on plant and loudspeaker membrane substrates. Males and females emitted vibratory signals and the present results indicate that these signals are important during courtship. The basic signal characteristics measured were the dominant frequency, pulse duration, repetition time and number of pulses per group within the signal. Male and female signals did not differ in respect to any of these characteristics. Plant recorded signals were longer because of different mechanical properties of substrates. Additionally, the high frequency components were attenuated due to the low-pass filtering properties of plants. As this is the first study on vibratory communication of the European tarnished plant bug, we believe these findings may contribute considerably to the better understanding of the mating behavior of this important pest species.

Otiorhynchus sulcatus. [Distribution map].

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Rhode Island ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Otiorhynchus Sulcatus ◽  
Black Vine Weevil ◽  
St Helena ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Otiorhynchus sulcatus (Fabricius) Coleoptera: Culculionidae (vine weevil, strawberry, cyclamen or black vine weevil). Attacks strawberry, grapevine, Cyclamen. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe, Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, Yugoslavia, USSR, Russian SFSR, European USSR, Africa, St. Helena, Egypt, Asia, Japan, Australasia and Pacific Islands, Australia, Tasmania, Chatham Islands, Hawaii, New Zealand, North America, Canada, British Columbia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, USA, Alaska, Arizona, California, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Idaho, Illinois, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, South America, Chile, Colombia.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of the Use of Calcium, Potassium and Silicon for the Management of Diaphorina citri Populations in Tahiti Lime Trees

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 546-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augusto RAMÍREZ-GODOY ◽  
Ginna PUENTES-PÉREZ ◽  
Hermann RESTREPO-DÍAZ
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Management ◽  
Similar Efficacy ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
Mineral Nutrients ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Diaphorina Citri ◽  
Soil Fertilization ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Absolute Control ◽  
Alternative Control Methods

The recent appearance of the disease known as huanglongbing (HLB) in Colombia has caused the demand for alternative control methods for Diaphorina citri (i.e., the disease vector). Specifically, the use of nutrients, such as calcium (Ca), potassium (K) and silicon (Si), may provide some degree of plant defense against herbivory. One set of experiments (in the form of two separate experiments) was conducted on two different farms in the municipality of Jerusalén to study the effects of foliar and soil applications of nutrients (Ca, K and Si) on controlling the population dynamics of Diaphorina citri. Tahiti lime trees were treated as follows: i) untreated trees (absolute control); ii) clothianidin at a dose of 50 g active ingredient per hectare (chemical control); iii) Ca, K and Si foliar applications (at doses of 3 mL, 3 g and 2 mL of the commercial compound used per liter of H2O, respectively); and iv) soil application of potassium nitrate and potassium silicate (1 kg of commercial fertilizer per tree). Foliar sprays were carried out at 0 and 4 weeks after treatment (WAT) began; meanwhile, soil fertilization occurred at the beginning of the trial (i.e., 0 WAT). The results showed that differences were observed only in adults at 7 WAT, and the foliar calcium and silicon applications resulted in the lowest number of individuals (i.e., 1.13 per flush) compared with untreated trees (i.e., 3.13 per flush). The foliar clothianidin, Ca, Si and K sprays also affected the total number of nymphs. Additionally, Tahiti lime trees treated with either silicon or insecticide had fewer eggs than did trees in the other treatments. The use of these mineral nutrients showed a similar efficacy when compared to clothianidin, indicating that these mineral nutrients can enhance plant resistance. These observations suggest that foliar applications of K, Ca and Si could be considered as complementary tools within an integrated management program for D. citri in Colombia.

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