Optimization of Methane Reforming for High Efficiency and Stable Operation of SOFC Stacks

Purpose To ensure the safety of electric power supply, it is necessary to inspect substation equipment. With the dramatic increase in the number of substations, especially indoor substations, intelligent robot inspection has become an important development direction. This paper aims to describe the design of a trackless robot with a robotic arm, which is capable of navigating autonomously and inspecting the equipment in a narrow and complex indoor substation. Design/methodology/approach A robust four-wheel platform powered by electric motors is used to carry the robot. By fusing multiple-sensor data and visual markers, the robot achieves autonomous movement based on simultaneous localization and mapping. In addition, to accurately obtain the reading of meters located at height or in a narrow space, the robot is equipped with a newly designed visual servo robotic arm. Findings In practical application, the robot satisfies the requirements of substation inspection, improves work efficiency, saves costs and achieves good results. The robot is also approved by the relevant departments of the State Grid Corporation of China. Practical implications After stable operation in a substation for a period of one year, the robot shows high efficiency and stability, meeting the requirements of indoor substation inspection. Meanwhile, the robot greatly promoted the realization of indoor and outdoor integrated substation automatic inspection, and is expected to be further applied in other industrial inspection sites, including mine, tunnel and nuclear power plant. Originality/value Due to the complex indoor environment, most of the existing inspection robots are only used outdoors, and there are no good trackless inspection robots for use indoors. The proposed robot is a trackless intelligent inspection robot for use in indoor substations. The robot features a number of important modules, including an autonomous localization and navigation module and a visual servo manipulator module, which can be used in narrow spaces or at height.

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Study on BAF Lipid Phosphorus Biomass and SOUR Active Tests

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.468-471.2437 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 468-471 ◽

pp. 2437-2440

Author(s):

Xin Gang Yu ◽

En Shen Wu ◽

Zeng Min Han

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Stable Operation ◽

Lipid Phosphorus ◽

Treatment Technology ◽

The Operating Mechanism ◽

Living Organisms ◽

Aerated Filter ◽

Suspended Matters

By taking the fillings from the wastewater treatment reactor of a practically stable operation of the BAF, it is to test the lipid phosphorus biomass both in the bio-film and floc in the fillings, and active changing laws of microbes. The experiments show that BAF sewage treatment results from the joint action of bio-film and biological floc. The experiments provide theoretical foundations for the operating mechanism of BAF, packing height and the optimization of backwash time. Due to its high efficiency, energy saving, small area, easy operation and management, Biological Aerated Filter (BAF) technology has become a research focus[1] of a biological wastewater treatment technology in recent years. BAF process is characterized of a lot of filler in the activated sludge, besides the bio-film on the fillings. This sludge contains active living organisms, shed bio-film, suspended matters from the raw sewage and other adsorptions from the wastewater. They are collectively referred to as biological floc. When oxidating and decomposing organic matters in the sewage, it intercepts and adsorb sunken substances. Throughout BAF operation process, it is as irreplaceable as the bio-film.

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Investigation of PMSG Fed Diode-Clamped Multilevel Inverter for Wind Energy System

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.768.16 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 768 ◽

pp. 16-22

Author(s):

A. Bharathi Sankar ◽

R. Seyezhai

Keyword(s):

Wind Energy ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Synchronous Generator ◽

Energy System ◽

Multilevel Inverter ◽

Stable Operation ◽

Direct Drive ◽

Constant Frequency ◽

Wind Energy System ◽

Variable Speed Constant Frequency

Wind energy has drawn worldwide attention because of its simple structure, high efficiency and stable operation. Recently, variable speed constant frequency (VSCF) direct-drive wind power generation system using permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) has gained popularity. This paper focuses on the simulation of PMSG fed diode clamped MultiLevel Inverter (MLI) for wind applications. A three-level MLI with phase disposition PWM technique has been proposed. Simulation studies on the proposed scheme have been carried out in MATLAB and spectral quality of the output has been investigated.

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A Review of Tip Clearance in Propeller, Pump and Turbine

Energies ◽

10.3390/en11092202 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 2202 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Yabin Liu ◽

Lei Tan ◽

Binbin Wang

Keyword(s):

High Efficiency ◽

Energy Performance ◽

Tip Clearance ◽

Future Research ◽

Stable Operation ◽

Main Stream ◽

Tip Clearance Flow ◽

Related Research ◽

Clearance Flow ◽

Increasing Demand

Propellers, pumps, and turbines are widely applied in marine equipment, water systems, and hydropower stations. With the increasing demand for energy conservation and environmental protection, the high efficiency and the stable operation of pumps and turbine have been drawing great attention in recent decades. However, the tip clearance between the rotating impeller and the stationary shroud can induce leakage flow and interact with the main stream, introducing complex vortex structures. Consequently, the energy performance and the operation stability of pumps and turbines deteriorate considerably. Constant efforts are exerted to investigate the flow mechanism of tip-clearance flow and its induced influence on performance. However, due to various pump and turbine types and the complexity of tip-clearance flow, previous works are usually focused on a specific issue. Therefore, a systematic review that synthesizes the related research is necessary and meaningful. This review investigates related research in the recent two decades in the perspectives from fundamental physics to engineering applications. Results reveal the vortex types, trajectory, evolution, and cavitation behaviors induced by tip-clearance flow. It is concluded that the influence characteristics of tip clearance on energy performance are closely related to the machinery type. Tip-clearance size and tip shape are found to be crucial parameters for tip-leakage vortex (TLV). The proposed optimization schemes are also demonstrated to provide inspiration for future research. Overall, this review article provides a coherent insight into the characteristics of tip-clearance flow and the associated engineering-design applications. On the basis of these understandings, comments on conducted research and ideas on future research are proposed.

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Promoters for Improvement of the Catalyst Performance in Methane Valorization Processes

Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal ◽

10.18321/ectj1099 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 147

Author(s):

I.Z. Ismagilov ◽

A.V. Vosmerikov ◽

L.L. Korobitsyna ◽

E.V. Matus ◽

M.A. Kerzhentsev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Efficiency ◽

Catalyst Activity ◽

Operation Mode ◽

Coke Formation ◽

Product Yield ◽

Carbon Accumulation ◽

Stable Operation ◽

Coke Content ◽

Methane Dehydroaromatization ◽

Long Time

In this work, the introduction of modifying additives in the composition of catalysts is considered as an effective mode of improving functional characteristics of materials for two processes of methane conversion into valuable products – methane dehydroaromatization (DHA of CH4) into benzene and hydrogen and autothermal reforming of methane (ATR of CH4) into synthesis gas. The effect of type and content of promoters on the structural and electronic state of the active component as well as catalyst activity and stability against deactivation is discussed. For DHA of CH4 the operation mode of additives M = Ag, Ni, Fe in the composition of Mo-M/ZSM-5 catalysts was elucidated and correlated with the product yield and coke content. It was shown that when Ag serves as a promoter, the duration of the catalyst stable operation is enhanced due to a decrease in the rate of the coke formation. In the case of Ni and Fe additives, the Ni-Мо and Fe-Mo alloys are formed that retain the catalytic activity for a long time in spite of the carbon accumulation. For ATR of CH4, the influence of M = Pd, Pt, Re, Mo, Sn in the composition of Ni-M catalysts supported on La2O3 or Ce0.5Zr0.5O2/Al2O3 was elucidated. It was demonstrated that for Ni-M/La2O3 catalysts, Pd is a more efficient promoter that improves the reducibility of Ni cations and increases the content of active Nio centers. In the case of Ni-M/Ce0.5Zr0.5O2/Al2O3 samples, Re is considered the best promoter due to the formation of an alloy with anti-coking and anti-sintering properties. The use of catalysts with optimal promoter type and its content provides high efficiency of methane valorization processes.

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A Simulation System of Wind Turbine Based on Labwindows

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.530-531.943 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 530-531 ◽

pp. 943-951

Author(s):

Zhi Gang Hua ◽

Guang Yu Hu ◽

Zhi Gong Wu ◽

Yong Jie Zhai ◽

Yu Jia Huo

Keyword(s):

Power Generation ◽

Wind Turbine ◽

Wind Power ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Wind Power Generation ◽

System Structure ◽

Stable Operation ◽

Direct Drive ◽

Generation System ◽

Power Generation System

Wind energy is the worlds fastest growing renewable energy source in recent years, and it has drawn worldwide attention. Due to high efficiency, simple topology and stable operation, variable speed constant frequency (VSCF) direct-drive wind power generation system using permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) is the development trend and one of the focuses of wind power generation system research. The paper introduces the trend of the development wind power generation and the recently research stage on the wind power generation. Based on the VSCF power fundamental principle, the dissertation analyzes the strategy of wind turbine simulation. In the development of wind power generating system, the wind turbine emulator becomes more and more important because it can provide controllable wind turbine characteristics. Simplified mathematical model based on the CT-λ curve is constructed, the system structure and emulation method are analyzing. Hardware and software are designed and implemented, and a laboratory set-up is building which based on DC motor. Experimental results show that the wind turbine emulator is as good as expected.

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Application of Process on Furfural Wastewater Treatment

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1073-1076.885 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1073-1076 ◽

pp. 885-888

Author(s):

Ya Rong Dong ◽

Li Dong Wang

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Ph Value ◽

Impact Load ◽

Stable Operation ◽

Wastewater Discharge ◽

High Concentration ◽

Bacterial Oxidation ◽

Contact Oxidation ◽

Biological Contact Oxidation

The furfural wastewater is kind of highly concentrated organic wastewater. According to its quality and quantity characteristics, this process of micro-electrolysis - photosynthetic bacterial oxidation - biological contact oxidation - biological carbon has been used for treating furfural wastewater. Under the condition that, the mass concentration of influent COD, BOD5 and SS were 8337~15692, 2100~4030, 100~300mg/L respectively, the pH value was 2~3, the effluent water after the treatment met the specification for grade 1 in Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard GB(8978-1996), which practical proved that, the effect of the treatment process had a high efficiency, impact load is strong and stable operation; using it in furfural wastewater treatment, other high concentration wastewater treatment would be application reference.

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Thermodynamic Model of a Very High Efficiency Power Plant based on a Biomass Gasifier, SOFCs, and a Gas Turbine

International Journal of Renewable Energy Development ◽

10.14710/ijred.1.2.51-55 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 51-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

P V Aravind ◽

C Schilt ◽

B Türker ◽

T Woudstra

Keyword(s):

Power Plant ◽

Gas Turbine ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Heat Pipes ◽

The Other ◽

Gasification Process ◽

Sofc Anode ◽

Exergy Losses ◽

Very High ◽

Sofc Stacks

Thermodynamic calculations with a power plant based on a biomass gasifier, SOFCs and a gas turbine are presented. The SOFC anode off-gas which mainly consists of steam and carbon dioxides used as a gasifying agent leading to an allothermal gasification process for which heat is required. Implementation of heat pipes between the SOFC and the gasifier using two SOFC stacks and intercooling the fuel and the cathode streams in between them has shown to be a solution on one hand to drive the allothermal gasification process and on the other hand to cool down the SOFC. It is seen that this helps to reduce the exergy losses in the system significantly. With such a system, electrical efficiency around 73% is shown as achievable.

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