scholarly journals Chlamydia muridarum infection differentially alters smooth muscle function in mouse uterine horn and cervix

2020 ◽  
Vol 318 (6) ◽  
pp. E981-E994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Ming Lee ◽  
Jemma R. Mayall ◽  
Anne Chevalier ◽  
Huw McCarthy ◽  
Dirk Van Helden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Contractile Force ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Chlamydia Muridarum ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection ◽  
Messenger Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Smooth Muscle Function

Chlamydia trachomatis infection is a primary cause of reproductive tract diseases including infertility. Previous studies showed that this infection alters physiological activities in mouse oviducts. Whether this occurs in the uterus and cervix has never been investigated. This study characterized the physiological activities of the uterine horn and the cervix in a Chlamydia muridarum ( Cmu)-infected mouse model at three infection time points of 7, 14, and 21 days postinfection (dpi). Cmu infection significantly decreased contractile force of spontaneous contraction in the cervix (7 and 14 dpi; P < 0.001 and P < 0.05, respectively), but this effect was not observed in the uterine horn. The responses of the uterine horn and cervix to oxytocin were significantly altered by Cmu infection at 7 dpi ( P < 0.0001), but such responses were attenuated at 14 and 21 dpi. Cmu infection increased contractile force to prostaglandin (PGF2α) by 53–83% in the uterine horn. This corresponded with the increased messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of Ptgfr that encodes for its receptor. However, Cmu infection did not affect contractions of the uterine horn and cervix to PGE2 and histamine. The mRNA expression of Otr and Ptger4 was inversely correlated with the mRNA expression of Il1b, Il6 in the uterine horn of Cmu-inoculated mice ( P < 0.01 to P < 0.001), suggesting that the changes in the Otr and Ptger4 mRNA expression might be linked to the changes in inflammatory cytokines. Lastly, this study also showed a novel physiological finding of the differential response to PGE2 in mouse uterine horn and cervix.

scholarly journals Chlamydia muridarum infection differentially changes smooth muscle contractility and responses to prostaglandins in uterus and cervix

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Ming Lee ◽  
Jemma R. Mayall ◽  
Anne Chevalier ◽  
Dirk Van Helden ◽  
Jay C. Horvat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Muscle Contractility ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contractility ◽  
Contraction Amplitude ◽  
Chlamydia Muridarum ◽  
Reproductive Tract Infection

AbstractChlamydia trachomatis infection is a primary cause of reproductive tract diseases including chronic pelvic pain and infertility. Previous studies showed that this infection alters physiological activities in mouse oviducts. Whether this occurs in the uterus and cervix has never been investigated. This study characterized the physiological activity of the uterus and the cervix in a Chlamydia muridarum (Cmu) mouse model of reproductive tract infection. Uterine or cervix smooth muscle contractility, responses to oxytocin or prostaglandins (PGF2α and PGE2) and mRNA expression of oxytocin and PG receptors were assessed 14 days post infection. Cmu infection did not affect the contractions of the uterine horn but significantly decreased the contraction amplitude of the cervix. Cmu infection did not alter the responses of uterine horn or cervix to oxytocin, however PGF2α induced contractions of the uterine horn, but not the cervix, were significantly increased following Cmu infection. PGE2 contraction amplitude in both the uterine horn and cervix was unaffected by Cmu infection. An upregulation of Ptgfr and a down-regulation of Ptegr4 mRNA expression was observed in the uterine horn following Cmu infection. These results indicate that Cmu infection alters contractility and prostaglandin signalling in the female reproductive tract but the effects are localised to specific regions.

Surface ultrastructure of danazol treated rat endometrium: A SEM study

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 556-557
Author(s):  
R.P. Apkarian ◽  
J.S. Sanfilippo
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Distal Segment ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Sprague Dawley

The synthetic androgen danazol, is an isoxazol derivative of ethisterone. It is utilized in the treatment of endometriosis, fibrocystic breast disease, and has a potential use as a contraceptive. A study was designed to evaluate the ultrastructural changes associated with danazol therapy in a rat model. The preliminary investigation of the distal segment of the rat uterine horn was undertaken as part of a larger study intended to elucidate the effects of danazol on the female reproductive tract.Cross-sections (2-3 mm in length) of the distal segment of the uterine horn from sixteen Sprague-Dawley rats were prepared for SEM. Ten rats in estrus served as controls and six danazol treated rats were noted to have alterations of the estrus cycle i.e. a lag in cycle phase or noncycling patterns. Specimens were fixed in 3% glutaraldehyde in 0.05M phosphate buffer containing CaCl2 at pH 7.0-7.4 and chilled to 4°C. After a brief wash in distilled water, specimens were passed through a graded series of ethanol, critical point dryed in CO2 from absolute ethanol, and coated with 6nm Au. Observations were made with an IS1-40 SEM operated at 15kV.

scholarly journals Identification of pluripotent cells in bovine uterus: in situ and in vitro studies

Reproduction ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 149 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martyna Łupicka ◽  
Gabriel Bodek ◽  
Nahum Shpigel ◽  
Ehud Elnekave ◽  
Anna J Korzekwa
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Uterine Horn ◽  
Uterine Tissue ◽  
Pluripotent Cells ◽  
Flow Cytometry Assay ◽  
Myometrial Cells ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression

The aim of this study was to identify uterine pluripotent cells both in bovine uterine tissues as well in epithelial, stromal, and myometrial uterine cell populations. Moreover, the relationship of pluripotent markers expression with age and the uterine horn side was considered. Uterine tissue was collected from ipsilateral and contralateral horns (days 8–10 of the estrous cycle). Immunohistostaining for C-KIT, OCT3/4, NANOG, and SOX2 in uterine tissue was determined. mRNA expression of C-KIT, OCT3/4, NANOG and SOX2 was evaluated in uterine tissue relative to the age of the cow and uterine horn side. Gene and protein expression of these markers in the uterine luminal epithelial, stromal, and myometrial cells was evaluated by real-time PCR and western blotting respectively. The expression of pluripotent cell markers OCT3/4, NANOG, and SOX2 was identified by flow cytometry assay in epithelial, stromal, and myometrial cells. Multilineage differentiation of the bovine uterine cells was performed. mRNA expression of OCT3/4, NANOG, and SOX2 in uterine tissue was higher in the ipsilateral horn than in the contralateral horn. Flow cytometry assay revealed positive fluorescence for OCT3/4, NANOG, and SOX2 in all uterine cell types. Results showed the age-dependent expression of pluripotent markers in uterine tissue. Beside, the different expression of pluripotent cells in each horn of uterus suggests the influence of ovarian hormones on these characteristics. The highest mRNA and protein expression for pluripotent markers was observed in stromal cells among uterine cells, which indicates this population of cells as the main site of pluripotent cells in the cow uterus.

SMALL BOWEL ISCHEMIA/REPERFUSION (II/R) ALTERS COLONIC SMOOTH MUSCLE FUNCTION.

Shock ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 9 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
DT Dempsey ◽  
BS Myers ◽  
JP Ryan ◽  
J Carroll ◽  
SI Myers
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Bowel Ischemia ◽  
Smooth Muscle Function

Effect of Flush-Perfusion on Vascular Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Function

1997 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1075-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Ingemansson ◽  
Algimantas Budrikis ◽  
Ramunas Bolys ◽  
Trygve Sjöberg ◽  
Stig Steen
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Smooth Muscle Function

scholarly journals Effects of Scleroderma Antibodies and Pooled Human Immunoglobulin on Anal Sphincter and Colonic Smooth Muscle Function

2012 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
pp. 1308-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagmohan Singh ◽  
Sidney Cohen ◽  
Vaibhav Mehendiratta ◽  
Fabian Mendoza ◽  
Sergio A. Jimenez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Anal Sphincter ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Human Immunoglobulin ◽  
Smooth Muscle Function

Abstract 212: Role of Monocytes and Inflammation in Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Mice With Heart Failure After Myocardial Infarction

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Molitor ◽  
Stefanie Finger ◽  
Sabine Kossmann ◽  
Venkata S Garlapati ◽  
Jérémy Lagrange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Diphtheria Toxin ◽  
Vascular Dysfunction ◽  
Aortic Tissue ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Smooth Muscle Function ◽  
Myelomonocytic Cells

Background: Heart failure (HF) after myocardial infarction (MI) leads to impaired left ventricular function and reduced blood flow in peripheral arteries. Angiotensin II (ATII) signaling is crucial in MI, and inflammatory myelomonocytic cells are involved in the process of ATII-induced vascular dysfunction. Their role in MI-mediated vascular dysfunction has not been defined yet. Objective: Test the impact of selective depletion of lysozyme M positive (LysM+) myelomonocytic cells on endothelial dysfunction in a model of ischemic heart failure in mice Methods and results: 8 to 12 week old mice (C57B6 background) were subjected to permanent coronary ligation of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) to induced HF post MI. We measured a reduced vascular endothelial and smooth muscle function in isolated aortic segments 7d and 28d post MI in isometric tension studies. Also the production of vascular superoxide (chemiluminescence, oxidative fluorescence microtopography) and vascular mRNA expression of MCP-1, VCAM-1, IL-6 and ATII receptor type 1 were increased (assessed by mRNA reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) in HF mice compared to sham. FACS analysis of aortic tissue of HF mice shows an increased infiltration of CD45+ immune cells in the aortic wall, including CD11b+Gr-1lowF4/80+ monocytes/macrophages. Using mice with LysM dependent cre-inducible expression of diphtheria toxin receptor (LysMCreIDTR) we selectively ablated LysM+ myelomonocytic cells 28d after MI for 10d via diphtheria toxin. We assessed a significantly improved vascular endothelial and smooth muscle function, less vascular superoxide production and a reduced expression of VCAM-1 and ATII receptor type 1 in aortic tissue. The number of circulating monocytes in blood was reduced, while the cardiac function (EF (%), LV size) in sonography stays constant between depleted and non-depleted HF mice. Conclusion: Our results suggest that vascular dysfunction post MI is at least in part mediated by inflammatory leukocyte infiltrating the vessel wall and that depletion of inflammatory monocytes in HF after MI improves the vascular function. It can potentially be a new target to protect endothelial function in HF and prevent secondary events after a MI.

scholarly journals Fundamental Roles of Axial Stretch in Isometric and Isobaric Evaluations of Vascular Contractility

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander W. Caulk ◽  
Jay D. Humphrey ◽  
Sae-Il Murtada
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Contractile Activity ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Axial Stretch ◽  
Smooth Muscle Function ◽  
In Vivo Loading

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) can regulate arterial mechanics via contractile activity in response to changing mechanical and chemical signals. Contractility is traditionally evaluated via uniaxial isometric testing of isolated rings despite the in vivo environment being very different. Most blood vessels maintain a locally preferred value of in vivo axial stretch while subjected to changes in distending pressure, but both of these phenomena are obscured in uniaxial isometric testing. Few studies have rigorously analyzed the role of in vivo loading conditions in smooth muscle function. Thus, we evaluated effects of uniaxial versus biaxial deformations on smooth muscle contractility by stimulating two regions of the mouse aorta with different vasoconstrictors using one of three testing protocols: (i) uniaxial isometric testing, (ii) biaxial isometric testing, and (iii) axially isometric plus isobaric testing. Comparison of methods (i) and (ii) revealed increased sensitivity and contractile capacity to potassium chloride and phenylephrine (PE) with biaxial isometric testing, and comparison of methods (ii) and (iii) revealed a further increase in contractile capacity with isometric plus isobaric testing. Importantly, regional differences in estimated in vivo axial stretch suggest locally distinct optimal biaxial configurations for achieving maximal smooth muscle contraction, which can only be revealed with biaxial testing. Such differences highlight the importance of considering in vivo loading and geometric configurations when evaluating smooth muscle function. Given the physiologic relevance of axial extension and luminal pressurization, we submit that, when possible, axially isometric plus isobaric testing should be employed to evaluate vascular smooth muscle contractile function.

scholarly journals Homeostatic and therapeutic roles of VIP in smooth muscle function: myo-neuroimmune interactions

2009 ◽  
Vol 297 (4) ◽  
pp. G716-G725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan-Zheng Shi ◽  
Sushil K. Sarna
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Contractile Response ◽  
Enteric Neurons ◽  
Muscle Dysfunction ◽  
Spontaneous Release ◽  
Circular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Function ◽  
Smooth Muscle Dysfunction

We tested the hypothesis that spontaneous release of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) from enteric neurons maintains homeostasis in smooth muscle function in mild inflammatory insults and that infusion of exogenous VIP has therapeutic effects on colonic smooth muscle dysfunction in inflammation. In vitro experiments were performed on human colonic circular smooth muscle tissues and in vivo on rats. The incubation of human colonic circular smooth muscle strips with TNF-α suppressed their contractile response to ACh and the expression of the pore-forming α1C subunit of Cav1.2 channels. VIP reversed both effects by blocking the translocation of NF-κB to the nucleus and its binding to the κB recognition sites on hα1C1b promoter. The translocation of NF-κB was inhibited by blocking the degradation of IκBβ. Induction of inflammation by a subthreshold dose of 17 mg/kg trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) in rats moderately decreased muscularis externa concentration of VIP, and it had little effect on the contractile response of circular smooth muscle strips to ACh. The blockade of VIP and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating peptide receptors 1/2 during mild inflammatory insult significantly worsened the suppression of contractility and the inflammatory response. The induction of more severe inflammation by 68 mg/kg TNBS induced marked suppression of colonic circular muscle contractility and decrease in serum VIP. Exogenous infusion of VIP by an osmotic pump reversed these effects. We conclude that the spontaneous release of VIP from the enteric motor neurons maintains homeostasis in smooth muscle function in mild inflammation by blocking the activation of NF-κB. The infusion of exogenous VIP mitigates colonic inflammatory response and smooth muscle dysfunction.

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