Effect of trauma on rat serum proteolytic activity

1963 ◽  
Vol 204 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Letitia Beard ◽  
John K. Hampton
Keyword(s):  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Proteolytic Enzyme ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Rat Serum ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Mean

The effect of Noble-Collip drum trauma on serum proteolytic activity of normal and trauma-resistant rats has been investigated. Rats were subjected to a range of 0–480 Noble-Collip drum revolutions (40 rev/min). Rat serum samples from arterial blood were assayed in terms of their ability to lyse casein-I131. This analysis reflected serum proteolytic enzyme (plasmin) concentration. Intensive trauma (240 revolutions and above) produced statistically significant increases in serum proteolytic activity in nonadapted and trauma-resistant rats. The level of serum proteolytic activity for both rat groups rose progressively with each increase in trauma dose. In this drumming range, (240–480 revolutions) the mean serum proteolytic activity of the nonadapted rats was consistently higher than the corresponding mean value for trauma-resistant rats at each trauma dose. It was concluded that the ability of rats to limit the production of serum proteolytic activity in response to trauma may be associated with their resistance to trauma.

scholarly journals CORRELATION BETWEEN BODY MASS INDEX AND MICROALBUMINURIA IN ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSIVE ADULTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-56
Author(s):  
IRENGBAM SUSUPRIYA DEVI ◽  
GLADYS RAI ◽  
V. P. S PUNIA ◽  
MANOJ KUMAR NANDKEOLIAR
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Mean

Objective: This study aimed to find the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and microalbuminuria (MA) in essential hypertensive adults. Methods: This study included 35 essential hypertensive patients in the 18–65 years of age group, who satisfied the inclusion criteria. Arterial blood pressure was measured by a sphygmomanometer and the first voided early morning urine sample was collected for the estimation of microalbumin. Results: The mean age of the population studied was 49±11.08 in essential hypertensive patients and 46.89±11.10 in the control group. The mean value of BMI in the hypertensive group was found to be 27.59±5.45. In the present study, the mean value of microalbumin in essential hypertensive patients was 20.95±16.96. A significant positive correlation between BMI and MA was observed in the study with p<0.001. Conclusion: Our study shows a positive correlation between BMI and MA. Therefore, this study will help in the early detection of renal injury and prevents its progression to renal failure by lifestyle and diet modifications.

scholarly journals Effect of Multiple Freeze-Thaw Cycles on Detection of Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Virus Antibodies

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman A. Pinsky ◽  
Jeanne M. Huddleston ◽  
Robert M. Jacobson ◽  
Peter C. Wollan ◽  
Gregory A. Poland
Keyword(s):  
Rubella Virus ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Fresh Serum ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Adult Volunteers

ABSTRACT We investigated the effect of multiple freeze-thaw cycles on mumps, measles, and rubella virus serum antibody levels with whole-virus immunoglobulin G enzyme-linked immunoassays. Fresh serum samples from nine healthy adult volunteers were divided into six sets of five aliquots each. Samples were taken through a total of 10 freeze-thaw cycles and stored at 4°C until assayed. Each assay measurement was done in replicates of five, and the mean value was reported. After completing 10 freeze-thaw cycles, we found no clinically or statistically significant effect on measured antibody levels and found no discernible detrimental effect on the ability to measure these antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoassays.

Blood Gases of the Tench (Tinca tinca) in Well Aerated and Oxygen-Deficient Waters

1974 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. B. EDDY
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Oxygen Affinity ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tench Tinca Tinca

1. The respiration of tench at 13°C was investigated, particular attention being given to the role of the blood in uptake and transport of oxygen. 2. In well aerated water the mean value for arterial blood was 36 mmHg, for PCOCO2 3.3 mmHg and for pH 8.16; the respective venous values were 7 mmHg, 5 mmHg and 8.08. Arterial blood averaged about 75% and venous blood about 40° oxygen saturation. The mean value for oxygen uptake was 0.5 ml/min/kg and for ventilation volume 132/ml/mm/kg. 3. The oxygen tension and the percentage saturation of the blood determined in vivo are discussed in terms of the oxygen dissociation curve determined in vitro. 4. When the environmental POO2 was decreased, tench responded by increasing breathing rate and ventilation volume. Arterial POO2 and PCOCO2 decreased but arterial pH tended to remain steady. There was also a significant increase in blood lactate. 5. That tenth can withstand severe hypoxic conditions is attributed to blood of high oxygen affinity and the ability to maintain a favourable acid-base status in the blood for oxygen transport. 6. Respiration in tench is compared with that in other fish species.

The biomarker N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and liver diseases

2011 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Wang ◽  
Jiabao Geng ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Tong Li ◽  
Akira Matsumori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Hepatitis Virus ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Hepatitis Viruses ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
Pathologic Lesions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hepatitis Virus Infection

Purpose: NT-proBNP has emerged as a powerful diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in heart disease. Studies showed that NT-proBNP is a sensitive biomarker for identifying patients with heart failure caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) related myocarditis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the serum concentration of NT-proBNP and hepatitis virus infection/liver disease. Methods: 223 serum samples from blood donors (aged 19~50 years old) were collected as a control group, and 644 samples were obtained from patients infected by hepatitis viruses including 493 HBV: 364 chronic hepatitis (CH), 86 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and 43 liver cirrhosis (LC) and 151 HCV (85 CH, 14 HCC, 52 LC). All samples were assayed with an Elecsys immunoassay analyzer for NT-proBNP concentration. Results: The mean concentration of NT-proBNP in the control group was 21.77 pg/ml and showed no significant variation with either age or gender. Both the mean value and the rate of abnormality of NT-proBNP were significantly higher for the HBV- and HCV-infected groups in comparison with the control group. The mean NT-proBNP value (380.24 pg/ml) and abnormality rate (38.41%) in the HCV group were higher than that of the HBV group. For samples from patients with HBV/HCV-related hepatic disease/pathology, the mean NT-proBNP value (517.19 pg/ml/597.18 pg/ml) were the highest in the liver cirrhosis group. Conclusions: Hepatic pathologic lesions, particularly cirrhosis, may contribute to the elevation of NT-proBNP in subjects with HBV/HCV infection.

Comparison of serum vascular endothelial growth levels between patients with and without ovarian malignancies

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 715-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Dehaven ◽  
D. D. Taylor ◽  
C. Gercel-Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Screening ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

The objective of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and ovarian malignancies by contrasting a population with ovarian malignancies and a population free of gynecological neoplasms. Two hundred forty four serum samples were obtained from the US National Cancer Institute's Prostate, Lung, Colon, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Project. These samples were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in duplicate, and on completion of the assays, the samples were decoded for age and disease type. Average VEGF values for the nongynecological control group was 4.399 ng/ml; for benign gynecologic cases, 2.515 ng/ml; and for patients with malignancies, 4.287 ng/ml. Specifically, there was no difference between the mean value of VEGF in patients with ovarian malignancies and the patients with benign gynecological tumors (P = 0.8823). Also, there was no difference between the mean value of VEGF in patients with ovarian malignancies and the control patients who did not have gynecological disease (P = 0.3110). Using the Mann–Whitney U-test, no significant differences were found between the three populations of this study. Based on our data, due to the lack of significant difference in mean serum VEGF values between patients with and without ovarian malignancies, we feel that serum VEGF cannot be used as a possible screening tool for ovarian cancer.

Aberrant PO2 values in proficiency testing

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-471
Author(s):  
C E Fonzi ◽  
J L Clausen ◽  
J Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
Proficiency Testing ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Fluorocarbon Emulsion ◽  
The Mean

Abstract We prospectively determined the frequency of aberrant vials of fluorocarbon/buffer used for proficiency testing of measurements of pH, PCO2, and PO2, using 20 duplicate vials from 12 lots of fluorocarbon/buffer and two arterial blood gas analyzers in eight reference laboratories. We defined aberrant vials as vials for which both duplicate measurements differed from the mean value of repeated measurements for the specific instrument (for each lot of testing materials) by &gt; 0.04 for pH, &gt; 10% of the mean or 3.0 mm Hg, whichever was greater, for PCO2; or &gt; 10% of the mean or 6 mm Hg, whichever was greater, for PO2. Four of 1620 vials (0.25%) were aberrant, all based on PO2 measurements (&lt; 70 mm Hg); all would have failed in both American/California Thoracic Societies and College of American Pathologists proficiency programs. The average intra-instrument SDs of repeated measures (range of mean values: pH, 7.181-7.631; PCO2, 12.7-65.9; PO2, 32.5-150.1) were 0.0055 for pH, 0.67 mm Hg for PCO2, and 1.65 mm Hg for PO2. Deliberate contamination of the fluorocarbon emulsion with room air, as might occur during sampling from the vial, indicated that only minor increases in PO2 (e.g., 1.0 mm Hg at PO2 of 56 mm Hg) occur when samples are aspirated. Larger increases in PO2 (mean 7.1 mm Hg at a PO2 of 66 mm Hg) occurred when the syringe samples were contaminated with room air. We conclude that isolated aberrant measurements of PO2 in blood gas proficiency testing attributable to vial contents can occur, but the frequency is very low.

scholarly journals Measurement and purification of Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) enzyme activity in patients with celiac disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-563
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Alanine Aminotransferase ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Healthy Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Alt Activity

Celiac disease (CD) is the most common genetically - based disease in correlation with food intolerance. The aim of this study is to measure the activity of ALT enzyme and purify enzyme from sera women with celiac disease. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity has been assayed in (30) women serum samples with celiac disease, age range between (20-40) year and (30) serum of healthy women as control group, age range between (22-38) year. In the present study, the mean value of ALT activity was significantly higher in patients with celiac disease than healthy group (p

scholarly journals Observational study for laryngeal mask anesthesia combined with nerve block in internal fixation for rib fractures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Cao ◽  
Junfeng Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyun Gao ◽  
Xiaoli Zhang ◽  
Jing Li
Keyword(s):  
Internal Fixation ◽  
Nerve Block ◽  
Flail Chest ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Rib Fractures ◽  
Laryngeal Mask ◽  
Erector Spinae ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: General anesthesia with endotracheal intubation always has been considered mandatory for rib fractures surgery. Recently, there has been interestng in nonintubated technique of LMA anesthesia for lung surgery. We developed a protocol with laryngeal mask(LMA) anesthesia combined with nerve block for rib fractures surgery, and performed it in several cases prospectively. Methods: Twenty patients undergoing unilateral rib fractures surgery were enrolled. Thoracic paravertebral block(TPB) and/or erector spinae plane block(ESPB) were carried out before LMA anesthesia. The vital signs(HR, BP, SpO 2 ) and parameters of breath were gathered during the operation. The arterial blood gas analysis and chest film were performed preoperatively and on the next day after operation. All patients received postoperative continous analgesia pump contained with 500mg of tramadol and 16mg of lornoxicam after the operation, and intravenous 50mg flurbiprofen Bisindie in the ward. Postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV) within 48 hours after surgery and NRS pain scoreat 6(T1), 12(T2), 24(T3) hours after surgery were assessed as well. We also recorded the incidence of perioperative reflux, aspiration and nerve block complications. Results: Thirteen males and seven females(mean age 54 years) were enrolled in this trial. 6(30%) had a flail chest, 9(45%) had haemothorax, 2(10%) had pulmonary contusion. The vital signs and spontaneous breathing were kept stable. End-tidal carbon dioxide concentrations(EtCO 2 ) were in an acceptable range(no more than 63 mmHg in all cases). The mean value of postoperative PaO 2 was increased than that of preoperative PaO 2 (91.2±16.0 vs. 83.7±15.9 mmHg, P=0.004). The mean value of preoperative and postoperative PaCO 2 was(42.1±3.7 vs. 43.2±3.7mmHg, P=0.165) respectively. Postoperative NRS at T1, T2, T3 was (3±1, 2±2, 0) respectively. No one suffered from PONV. In addition, perioperative reflux, aspiration and nerve block complications didn't appear in all cases. Conclusions: The technique of laryngeal mask anesthesia combined with nerve block was feasible in the internal fixation for rib fractures.

scholarly journals Quantitative Determination of Serum Level of TLR4, TLR7 and TLR9 in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Patients in Basrah, Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 2255-2260
Author(s):  
Rasha Adnan Mustafa ◽  
Hanadi Abdulqader Jasim ◽  
Sadeq Khalaf Ali Al-Salait
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Immune Evasion Mechanism ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is one of most frequent malignancy detected in children, accounting for three quarters of all leukemia occurrences in children. Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) have been shown to be expressed or up regulated in tumors (solid) and tumor cell lines, but their expression level or role in the etiology and progression of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children is not studied widely. This study intended to explore the association of serum level of TLR4, TLR7, and TLR9 in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. A case control study was conducted on patients (pediatric) with ALL who have been admitted to Basrah Children Specialty Hospital, Basrah, Iraq. Three ml of serum samples were collected for the measurement of TLRs concentration by using Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA). The mean level of TLR4, TLR7 and TLR9 in patients were higher than the control group. However, the difference was statistically significant for TLR4 and TLR7 (P-value less than 0.005) but not for TLR9. The mean value of TLRs are higher in the newly diagnosed group than the relapse. The higher serum concentration of TLR4, TLR7 and TLR9 in patients, whether new or in relapse, compared to control group might be part of the immune-evasion mechanism developed by the malignant cells that plays a serious role in leukomogenicity and disease advancement.

Intravenous Human Plasma-Derived Augmentation Therapy in α1-Antitrypsin Deficiency: From Pharmacokinetic Analysis to Individualizing Therapy

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 640-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria Padullés Zamora ◽  
Rafael Vidal Pla ◽  
Pilar Gispert Del Rio ◽  
Rosendo Jardi Margaleff ◽  
Francisco Rodriguez Frias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Volume Of Distribution ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Analysis ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Augmentation Therapy ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Dosing Regimens ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact

Background: Severs forms of α1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency require augmentation therapy by intravenous administration of purified preparations of AAT concentrate. Although standard AAT treatment schedules are widely available, pharmacokinetic studies characterizing AAT serum decay are scarce, and data on the variability of individual patients are almost nonexistent. Objective: To establish individual AAT pharmacokinetics and develop a predictive model based on simple pharmacokinetic characterization that can be used to optimize Individual AAT dosing regimens. Methods: Seven patients with severe hereditary AAT deficiency (PI*ZZ phonotype) with serum AAT levels less than 0.50 g/L Initially received AAT 180 mg/kg every 3 weeks. At 7, 14, and 21 days after AAT administration, serum samples were taken for quantitative AAT analysis and further one-compartment pharmacokinetic analysis. Subsequently, patients were rescheduled (dose and dosing interval) according to their individual responses. The influence of baseline AAT level, age, sex, body weight, and commercial AAT preparation was evaluated. Results: The mean ± SD AAT pharmacokinetic profile was: volume of distribution 127.6 ± 31.9 mL/kg, clearance 10.13 ± 1.84 mL/kg/day, and half-life 8.7 ± 1.0 days. Hence, the mean optimized final AAT dose was 123.1 mg/kg every 2 weeks (range 118.5-125.6). AAT concentrations differed by a mean (geometrical) value of 3.9% (range -4.2% to 6.7%) from the minimum desired AAT serum trough of 0.50 g/L. The impact of baseline AAT levels and commercial AAT preparation used was statistically significant (p = 0.033 and p = 0.035, respectively). Differences between estimated and actual values were slightly lower when baseline AAT levels were taken into consideration, with a mean value ot 3.3% (range -4.2% to 6.1%). Conclusions: AAT augmentation therapy can be effectively individualized on a pharmacokinetic basis with a simple, easily executed method.

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