N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor coagonist d-serine suppresses intake of high-preference food

2015 ◽  
Vol 309 (5) ◽  
pp. R561-R575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Sasaki ◽  
Yoshihiro Kinoshita ◽  
Sho Matsui ◽  
Shigeru Kakuta ◽  
Hiromi Yokota-Hashimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Choice ◽  
Food Access ◽  
High Preference ◽  
Normal Chow ◽  
The One ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Agouti Related Protein

d-Serine is abundant in the forebrain and physiologically important for modulating excitatory glutamatergic neurotransmission as a coagonist of synaptic N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. NMDA signaling has been implicated in the control of food intake. However, the role of d-serine on appetite regulation is unknown. To clarify the effects of d-serine on appetite, we investigated the effect of oral d-serine ingestion on food intake in three different feeding paradigms (one-food access, two-food choice, and refeeding after 24-h fasting) using three different strains of male mice (C57Bl/6J, BKS, and ICR). The effect of d-serine was also tested in leptin signaling-deficient db/ db mice and sensory-deafferented (capsaicin-treated) mice. The expression of orexigenic neuropeptides [neuropeptide Y ( Npy) and agouti-related protein ( Agrp)] in the hypothalamus was compared in fast/refed experiments. Conditioned taste aversion for high-fat diet (HFD) was tested in the d-serine-treated mice. Under the one-food-access paradigm, some of the d-serine-treated mice showed starvation, but not when fed normal chow. HFD feeding with d-serine ingestion did not cause aversion. Under the two-food-choice paradigm, d-serine suppressed the intake of high-preference food but not normal chow. d-Serine also effectively suppressed HFD intake but not normal chow in db/ db mice and sensory-deafferented mice. In addition, d-serine suppressed normal chow intake after 24-h fasting despite higher orexigenic gene expression in the hypothalamus. d-Serine failed to suppress HFD intake in the presence of L-701,324, the selective and full antagonist at the glycine-binding site of the NMDA receptor. Therefore, d-serine suppresses the intake of high-preference food through coagonism toward NMDA receptors.

scholarly journals Role of Somatostatin in the Regulation of Central and Peripheral Factors of Satiety and Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2568
Author(s):  
Ujendra Kumar ◽  
Sneha Singh
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Peripheral Tissues ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The Many ◽  
The One ◽  
Food Seeking

Obesity is one of the major social and health problems globally and often associated with various other pathological conditions. In addition to unregulated eating behaviour, circulating peptide-mediated hormonal secretion and signaling pathways play a critical role in food intake induced obesity. Amongst the many peptides involved in the regulation of food-seeking behaviour, somatostatin (SST) is the one which plays a determinant role in the complex process of appetite. SST is involved in the regulation of release and secretion of other peptides, neuronal integrity, and hormonal regulation. Based on past and recent studies, SST might serve as a bridge between central and peripheral tissues with a significant impact on obesity-associated with food intake behaviour and energy expenditure. Here, we present a comprehensive review describing the role of SST in the modulation of multiple central and peripheral signaling molecules. In addition, we highlight recent progress and contribution of SST and its receptors in food-seeking behaviour, obesity (orexigenic), and satiety (anorexigenic) associated pathways and mechanism.

Pituitary beta-endorphin, naloxone, and feeding in several experimental obesities

1981 ◽  
Vol 241 (3) ◽  
pp. R173-R184
Author(s):  
M. W. Gunion ◽  
R. H. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Access ◽  
Opiate Antagonist ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Beta Endorphin ◽  
Normal Body Weight ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Body Weight Dose

The role of beta-endorphin in the development of several obesity syndromes was examined. Adult female hooded rats received ventromedial hypothalamic lesions, dorsolateral tegmental lesions, parasagittal hypothalamic knife cuts, intraventricular 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine, ovariectomy, control surgery, or were deprived to 75% of normal body weight. Dose-dependent suppression of food intake by the opiate antagonist naloxone (0.5, 1.8, 6.8, or 25.0 mg/kg, ip) was measured during once-daily 4-h food access periods. No difference was found among the groups at any dose. Pituitary beta-endorphinlike immunoreactivity (BELI) was substantially decreased in knife-cut rats, but was unaltered by other treatments. Obesity had no effect on BELI. In another experiment, rats made obese by prolonged maintenance on palatable foods had elevated pituitary BELI levels. Feeding mechanisms involving opioid peptides do not appear to be of etiological significance in the syndromes examined.

Food intake and food choice: the role of the endogenous opioid peptides in the marsupial Sminthopsis crassicaudata

1997 ◽  
Vol 764 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perdita J Hope ◽  
Ian Chapman ◽  
John E Morley ◽  
Michael Horowitz ◽  
Gary A Wittert
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Opioid Peptides ◽  
Food Choice ◽  
Endogenous Opioid Peptides ◽  
Endogenous Opioid ◽  
Sminthopsis Crassicaudata

The role of photoperiod on the expression of hypothalamic genes regulating appetite in Chevrier’s field mouse (Apodemus chevrieri)

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Fang Yang ◽  
Jinhong Cai ◽  
Chunmei Huang ◽  
Zhengkun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Field Mouse ◽  
Related Protein ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Agouti Related Protein

The hypothalamus and leptin play a key role in the regulation of food intake. The present study investigated the effects of 4 weeks of short- or long-photoperiod on serum leptin levels and food intake in relation to mRNA expression levels of neuropeptide Y, agouti-related protein, pro-opiomelanocortin, and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript in the hypothalamus of Chevrier’s field mouse (Apodemus chevrieri). There was a significant difference in body fat mass, food intake and neuropeptide Y mRNA expression between the two groups, but serum leptin level, agouti-related protein, pro-opiomelanocortin, and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript mRNA expression in the hypothalamus were not difference between the two groups. The elevation of neuropeptide Y mRNA regulated neuropeptides in the hypothalamus suggests a physiological role of neuroendocrine factors in food intake during the different photoperiod. We conclude that leptin may be involved in energy balance and body mass regulation.

scholarly journals The changing role of the senses in food choice and food intake across the lifespan

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 80-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanne Boesveldt ◽  
Nuala Bobowski ◽  
Keri McCrickerd ◽  
Isabelle Maître ◽  
Claire Sulmont-Rossé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Choice ◽  
The Senses ◽  
Changing Role

scholarly journals Regulation of Food Intake and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/Luteinizing Hormone during Lactation: Role of Insulin and Leptin

Endocrinology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (9) ◽  
pp. 4231-4240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Xu ◽  
Melissa A. Kirigiti ◽  
Kevin L. Grove ◽  
M. Susan Smith
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Negative Energy Balance ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Agouti Related Protein ◽  
Insulin Replacement

Abstract Negative energy balance during lactation is reflected by low levels of insulin and leptin and is associated with chronic hyperphagia and suppressed GnRH/LH activity. We studied whether restoration of insulin and/or leptin to physiological levels would reverse the lactation-associated hyperphagia, changes in hypothalamic neuropeptide expression [increased neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related protein (AGRP) and decreased proopiomelanocortin (POMC), kisspeptin (Kiss1), and neurokinin B (NKB)] and suppression of LH. Ovariectomized lactating rats (eight pups) were treated for 48 h with sc minipumps containing saline, human insulin, or rat leptin. The arcuate nucleus (ARH) was analyzed for NPY, AGRP, POMC, Kiss1, and NKB mRNA expression; the dorsal medial hypothalamus (DMH) was analyzed for NPY mRNA. Insulin replacement reversed the increase in ARH NPY/AGRP mRNAs, partially recovered POMC, but had no effect on recovering Kiss1/NKB. Leptin replacement only affected POMC, which was fully recovered. Insulin/leptin dual replacement had similar effects as insulin replacement alone but with a slight increase in Kiss1/NKB. The lactation-induced increase in DMH NPY was unchanged after treatments. Restoration of insulin and/or leptin had no effect on food intake, body weight, serum glucose or serum LH. These results suggest that the negative energy balance of lactation is not required for the hyperphagic drive, although it is involved in the orexigenic changes in the ARH. The chronic hyperphagia of lactation is most likely sustained by the induction of NPY in the DMH. The negative energy balance also does not appear to be a necessary prerequisite for the suppression of GnRH/LH activity.

scholarly journals Time-restricted feeding protects the blood pressure circadian rhythm in diabetic mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (25) ◽  
pp. e2015873118
Author(s):  
Tianfei Hou ◽  
Wen Su ◽  
Marilyn J. Duncan ◽  
Vsevolozhskaya A. Olga ◽  
Zhenheng Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Dark Phase ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Normal Chow

The quantity and quality of food intake have been considered crucial for peoples' wellness. Only recently has it become appreciated that the timing of food intake is also critical. Nondipping blood pressure (BP) is prevalent in diabetic patients and is associated with increased cardiovascular events. However, the causes and mechanisms of nondipping BP in diabetes are not fully understood. Here, we report that food intake and BP were arrhythmic in diabetic db/db mice fed a normal chow diet ad libitum. Imposing a food intake diurnal rhythm by time-restricted feeding (TRF; food was only available for 8 h during the active phase) prevented db/db mice from developing nondipping BP and effectively restored the already disrupted BP circadian rhythm in db/db mice. Interestingly, increasing the time of food availability from 8 h to 12 h during the active dark phase in db/db mice prompted isocaloric feeding and still provided robust protection of the BP circadian rhythm in db/db mice. In contrast, neither 8-h nor 12-h TRF affected BP dipping in wild-type mice. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that TRF protects the BP circadian rhythm in db/db mice via suppressing the sympathetic activity during the light phase when they are inactive and fasting. Collectively, these data reveal a potentially pivotal role of the timing of food intake in the prevention and treatment of nondipping BP in diabetes.

scholarly journals Neuromedin S Is a Novel Anorexigenic Hormone

Endocrinology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 146 (10) ◽  
pp. 4217-4223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanori Ida ◽  
Kenji Mori ◽  
Mikiya Miyazato ◽  
Yutaka Egi ◽  
Shinsuke Abe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Feeding Regulation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Multiple Unit ◽  
Anorexigenic Effect ◽  
Agouti Related Protein ◽  
G Protein Coupled

A novel 36-amino acid neuropeptide, neuromedin S (NMS), has recently been identified in rat brain and has been shown to be an endogenous ligand for two orphan G protein-coupled receptors, FM-3/GPR66 and FM-4/TGR-1. These receptors have been identified as neuromedin U (NMU) receptor type 1 and type 2, respectively. In this study, the physiological role of the novel peptide, NMS, on feeding regulation was investigated. Intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of NMS decreased 12-h food intake during the dark period in rats. This anorexigenic effect was more potent and persistent than that observed with the same dose of NMU. Neuropeptide Y, ghrelin, and agouti-related protein-induced food intake was counteracted by coadministration of NMS. Icv administration of NMS increased proopiomelanocortin mRNA expression in the arcuate nucleus (Arc) and CRH mRNA in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). Pretreatment with SHU9119 (antagonist for α-MSH) and α-helical corticotropin-releasing factor-(9–41) (antagonist for CRH) attenuated NMS-induced suppression of 24-h food intake. After icv injection of NMS, Fos-immunoreactive cells were detected in both the PVN and Arc. When neuronal multiple unit activity was recorded in the PVN before and after icv injection of NMS, a significant increase in firing rate was observed 5 min after administration, and this increase continued for 100 min. These results suggest that the novel peptide, NMS, may be a potent anorexigenic hormone in the hypothalamus, and that expression of proopiomelanocortin mRNA in the Arc and CRH mRNA in the PVN may be involved in NMS action on feeding.

scholarly journals Direct modulation of GFAP-expressing glia in the arcuate nucleus bi-directionally regulates feeding

eLife ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naiyan Chen ◽  
Hiroki Sugihara ◽  
Jinah Kim ◽  
Zhanyan Fu ◽  
Boaz Barak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Glial Activation ◽  
Inhibitory Input ◽  
Neuronal Populations ◽  
Structural Connections ◽  
Neuronal Subtype ◽  
Agouti Related Protein

Multiple hypothalamic neuronal populations that regulate energy balance have been identified. Although hypothalamic glia exist in abundance and form intimate structural connections with neurons, their roles in energy homeostasis are less known. Here we show that selective Ca2+ activation of glia in the mouse arcuate nucleus (ARC) reversibly induces increased food intake while disruption of Ca2+ signaling pathway in ARC glia reduces food intake. The specific activation of ARC glia enhances the activity of agouti-related protein/neuropeptide Y (AgRP/NPY)-expressing neurons but induces no net response in pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)-expressing neurons. ARC glial activation non-specifically depolarizes both AgRP/NPY and POMC neurons but a strong inhibitory input to POMC neurons balances the excitation. When AgRP/NPY neurons are inactivated, ARC glial activation fails to evoke any significant changes in food intake. Collectively, these results reveal an important role of ARC glia in the regulation of energy homeostasis through its interaction with distinct neuronal subtype-specific pathways.

You Are the One I Want to Communicate With!

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Pierucci ◽  
Olivier Klein ◽  
Andrea Carnaghi
Keyword(s):  
Memory Bias ◽  
Shared Reality ◽  
Communication Partner ◽  
Shared Reality Theory ◽  
The One ◽  
Study Participants

This article investigates the role of relational motives in the saying-is-believing effect ( Higgins & Rholes, 1978 ). Building on shared reality theory, we expected this effect to be most likely when communicators were motivated to “get along” with the audience. In the current study, participants were asked to describe an ambiguous target to an audience who either liked or disliked the target. The audience had been previously evaluated as a desirable vs. undesirable communication partner. Only participants who communicated with a desirable audience tuned their messages to suit their audience’s attitude toward the target. In line with predictions, they also displayed an audience-congruent memory bias in later recall.

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