Physiological comparison of three types of ergometry

1960 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1007-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. C. Bobbert
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Energy Expenditures

A physiological comparison of cycling, cranking and walking has been made, using in all experiments the same subjects and methods. In cycling and cranking energy expenditure increases with work load in a rectilinear way, the energy expenditures being always higher in cranking. In treadmill walking energy expenditure per kilogram of body weight rises curvilinearly both with increasing speed and grade. In cycling, cranking and walking there are nearly the same relations between heart rate and metabolism. Ventilation in cranking always exceeds that in walking and cycling at the same level of oxygen consumption. The curve of ventilation versus oxygen consumption shows a steeper rise in cranking. In level and grade walking ventilation increases curvilinearly with oxygen consumption. Submitted on September 17, 1959

Energy expenditure by elite midget male ice hockey players in small-sided games

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 504-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles-Mathieu Lachaume ◽  
François Trudeau ◽  
Jean Lemoyne
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Training Method ◽  
Hockey Players ◽  
Treadmill Testing ◽  
Effective Training ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to investigate the energy expenditure and heart rate responses elicited in elite male midget ice hockey players during small-sided games. Nine players (aged 15.89 ± 0.33 years) participated in the study. Maximal progressive treadmill testing in the laboratory measured the relationship of oxygen consumption ([Formula: see text]) to heart rate before on-ice assessments of heart rate during six different small-sided games: 1v1, 2v2, 2v2 with support player, 3v3 with support player, 3v3 with transitions, and 4v4 with two support players. Heart rate was recorded continuously in each game. 3v3 T small-sided game was the most intense for all four intensity markers. All six small-sided games reached 89% HRmax or more with heart rate peaks in active effort repetition. These findings demonstrate that such small-sided games are considered as high intensity games and are an effective training method for ice hockey players.

Physiological and Metabolic Responses to Exercise on Treadmill, Elliptical Trainer, and Stepper: Practical Implications for Training

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Andrew N. Bosch ◽  
Kirsten C. Flanagan ◽  
Maaike M. Eken ◽  
Adrian Withers ◽  
Jana Burger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Fuel Utilization ◽  
Trained Runners ◽  
Practical Implications

Elliptical trainers and steppers are proposed as useful exercise modalities in the rehabilitation of injured runners due to the reduced stress on muscles and joints when compared to running. This study compared the physiological responses to submaximal running (treadmill) with exercise on the elliptical trainer and stepper devices at three submaximal but identical workloads. Authors had 18 trained runners (male/female: N = 9/9, age: mean ± SD = 23 ± 3 years) complete randomized maximal oxygen consumption tests on all three modalities. Submaximal tests of 3 min were performed at 60%, 70%, and 80% of peak workload individually established for each modality. Breath-by-breath oxygen consumption, heart rate, fuel utilization, and energy expenditure were determined. The value of maximal oxygen consumption was not different between treadmill, elliptical, and stepper (49.3 ± 5.3, 48.0 ± 6.6, and 46.7 ± 6.2 ml·min−1·kg−1, respectively). Both physiological measures (oxygen consumption and heart rate) as well as carbohydrate and fat oxidation differed significantly between the different exercise intensities (60%, 70%, and 80%) but did not differ between the treadmill, elliptical trainer, and stepper. Therefore, the elliptical trainer and stepper are suitable substitutes for running during periods when a reduced running load is required, such as during rehabilitation from running-induced injury.

Measurement of ‘Basal’ and Total Metabolism in Hereditarily Obese-Hyperglycemic Mice

1958 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth McClintock ◽  
Nathan Lifson
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Voluntary Movement ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Isotope Method

Measurements of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production were made by the Haldane open circuit method on hereditarily obese mice and littermate controls, and the energy expenditures were estimated. Studies were made on mice for short periods under ‘basal’ conditions, and for periods of approximately a day with the mice fasted and confined, fasted and relatively unconfined, and fed and unconfined. The total energy expenditures of fed and unconfined obese mice were found to be higher than those of nonobese littermate controls by virtue of a) increased ‘basal metabolism’, b) greater energy expenditure associated with feeding, and possibly c) larger energy output for activity despite reduced voluntary movement. The values obtained for total metabolism confirm those previously determined by an isotope method for measuring CO2 output.

scholarly journals WHICH IS THE BEST WAY TO PERFORM THE PHYSIOLOGICAL COST INDEX IN ACTIVE INDIVIDUALS WITH UNILATERAL TRANS-TIBIAL AMPUTATION?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Brunelli ◽  
Andrea Sancesario ◽  
Marco Iosa ◽  
Anna Sofia Delussu ◽  
Noemi Gentileschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Cost Index ◽  
Physiological Cost ◽  
Fitness Training ◽  
Energy Cost Of Walking

BACKGROUND: Physiological Cost Index (PCI) is a simple method used to estimate energy expenditure during walking. It is based on a ratio between heart rate and self-selected walking speed. Previous studies reported that PCI is reliable in individuals with lower limb amputation but only if there is an important walking impairment. No previous studies have investigated the correlation of PCI with the Energy Cost Walking (ECW) in active individuals with traumatic unilateral trans-tibial amputation, considering that this particular category of amputees has an ECW quite similar to healthy individual without lower limb amputation. Moreover, it is important to determine if PCI is also correlated to ECW in the treadmill test so as to have an alternative to over-ground test. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between PCI and ECW in active individuals with traumatic trans-tibial amputation in different walking conditions. The secondary aim was to evaluate if this correlation permits to determine ECW from PCI values. METHODOLOGY: Ninety traumatic amputees were enrolled. Metabolic data, heart rate and walking speed for the calculation of ECW and for PCI were computed over-ground and on a treadmill with 0% and 12% slopes during a 6-minute walking test. FINDINGS: There is a significant correlation between ECW and PCI walking over-ground (p=0.003; R2=0.10) and on treadmill with 12% slopes (p=0.001; R2=0.11) but there is only a poor to moderate correlation around the trendline. No significant correlation was found walking on treadmill with 0% slope. The Bland-Altman plot analysis suggests that is not possible to evaluate ECW directly from PCI. CONCLUSIONS: PCI is a reliable alternative measure of energy expenditure during walking in active individuals with trans-tibial amputation when performing over-ground or at high intensity effort on treadmill. PCI is therefore useful only for monitoring a within subject assessment. LAYMAN’S ABSTRACT The knowledge of the energy cost of walking in disabled people is important to improve strategies of rehabilitation or fitness training and to develop new prosthetic and orthotic components. The “gold standard” for the evaluation of the energy cost of walking is the oxygen consumption measurement with a metabolimeter, but the testing procedure is expensive and time consuming, hardly practicable in many rehabilitation centers. The Physiological Cost Index (PCI) is an indirect tool that evaluates the oxygen consumption during walking. PCI considers heart rate during walking, in relation to the speed, as an indicator of energy expenditure. The formula is “walking heart rate – resting heart rate /speed”. PCI is widely used in literature but there is not a solid evidence of a direct correlation between PCI and energy cost of walking. In particular, for individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation without comorbidities, no previous studies have been conducted about this correlation. It has to be noticed that individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation have an energy cost of walking quite similar to healthy people. Previous studies reported that in healthy people such correlation does not exist. For this reason, the aim of this study was to evaluate if and in which walking condition a linear correlation exists between PCI and Energy Cost Walking in individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation. Oxygen consumption measurement with a metabolimeter and PCI were computed over-ground and on a treadmill with 0% and 12% slopes during a 6-minute walking test in 90 participants. We have found that PCI is an alternative measure of energy cost of walking when performing over-ground or with high intensity effort on treadmill (12% slope). These findings could be useful when PCI is used for monitoring a fitness training or for evaluation tests. Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/32953/25717 How to Cite: Brunelli S, Sancesario A, Iosa M, Delussu A.S, Gentileschi N, Bonanni C, Foti C, Traballesi M. Which is the best way to perform the Physiological Cost Index in active individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation? Canadian Prosthetics & Orthotics Journal. Volume2, Issue1, No.5, 2019. https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v2i1.32953. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Dr. Stefano Brunelli,Fondazione Santa Lucia, IRCCS, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy.ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5986-1564Tel. +39 0651501844; Fax +39 0651501919E-MAIL: [email protected]

Experimental hyperthyroidism in dogs and effect of salivariectomy

1961 ◽  
Vol 201 (4) ◽  
pp. 723-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy A. Piatnek ◽  
Robert E. Olson
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Thyroid State

A hyperthyroid state was induced and maintained in 17 dogs for 2–10 months by the administration of massive amounts of thyroid hormone. The great tolerance of this species to such large doses was striking. The clinical signs characteristic of hyperthyroidism in other mammals were observed including significantly increased caloric intake, oxygen consumption, heart rate, and body temperature. The laboratory findings included polycythemia, markedly increased levels of protein-bound iodide (PBI), increased turnover rates of l-thyroxine, and a decreased urinary excretion of inorganic iodide. Unlike other species the hyperthyroid dogs did not demonstrate marked reductions in body weight or serum cholesterol. Salivariectomy neither hastened nor enhanced the onset of exogenous hyperthyroidism in the dog. Measurements of the rate of disappearance of I131 l-thyroxine from the plasma and the rate of appearance of radioactive iodide in the urine indicated that the salivary glands in the intact dog are effective sites of deiodination and iodide excretion. This activity, however, is not the sole regulator of the level of circulating thyroid hormone and thus of the thyroid state.

Physical work capacity of college women

1965 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest D. Michael ◽  
Steven M. Horvath
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Exercise Tolerance ◽  
Maximal Exercise ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Physical Work Capacity ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Function

Maximal exercise tolerance tests were given to 30 female subjects 17-22 years old. The test consisted of exercising 1 min at a work load of 300 kpm/min and increasing the work load 150 kpm/min each minute until the subject could no longer exercise. The maximal heart rate level averaged 184 beat/min with a range between 170 and 202 beat/min. The average maximal Vo2 was 1.78 liter/min or 29.8 ml/kg per min. The submaximal ventilatory measurements were similar for all subjects while the heart rate levels at the submaximal work loads differentiated the subjects when grouped according to maximal work-load capacities. Prediction of maximal work capacity could not be made for individuals from any single submaximal measurement. There was .56 correlation between body weight and maximal work capacity with only a .32 relationship between maximal Vo2 and Vo2 per kilogram body weight. exercise tolerance of women; cardiorespiratory function of women during exercise; submaximal cardiorespiratory response; maximal cardiorespiratory measurements of women; response to maximal exercise; prediction of exercise tolerance Submitted on May 5, 1964

scholarly journals Acute adjustments of heart rate and oxygen consuption in an experimental protocol of step training with diferent combinations of platform height and musical rhythms - doi: 10.4025/actascihealthsci.v35i2.11669

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Ribeiro de Ávila ◽  
Renato Duarte Frade ◽  
Vinicius De Oliveira Damasceno ◽  
Jeferson Vianna ◽  
Jorge Roberto Perrout de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Experimental Protocol ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Musical Rhythm ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Musical Rhythms

The aim of this study was to investigate adaptations acute heart rate (HR) and oxygen consumption (VO2) in an experimental protocol of step training with different combinations of platform height (15.2, 20.3 and 25.4 cm) and musical rhythms (125, 135 and 145 bpm). Thirty-five women were randomly selected, (mean ± DP) aged 21.6 ± 1.8 years, body weight of 57.8 ± 8.2 kg, height of 162.6 ± 6.8 cm, body mass index of 21.8 ± 2.5 kg m-2 and fat percentage (% Fat) of 24.8 ± 4.4%, with at least six months experience in step training sessions, and a frequency of at least two days a week. Techniques of descriptive and inferential statistics were employed. A significant difference was detected for the HR and VO2 in relation to the increase in step platform height and in musical rhythm for all the combinations, except for three situations. From the obtained results, we can infer that the cardiovascular and metabolic responses increase or decrease according to the musical rhythm and/or platform height.  

Caltrac Validity for Estimating Caloric Expenditure with Children

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly S. Bray ◽  
James R. Morrow ◽  
James M. Pivarnik ◽  
John T. Bricker
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Respiratory Exchange Ratio ◽  
Treadmill Walking ◽  
Caloric Expenditure ◽  
Measured Energy ◽  
Exercise Energy Expenditure

This study investigated the validity of the Caltrac accelerometer for estimating resting and exercise energy expenditure for children. Seventeen children 9 to 12 years of age participated in the study. Criterion values of energy expenditure were determined from measures of oxygen consumption (VO2) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER), and Caltrac estimates of energy expenditure were obtained concurrently for each experimental condition. Correlations were significant between Caltrac estimates and measured energy expenditure at rest (r = .53, p<.03) and at slow (r = .89, p<.001) and brisk (r = .85, p<.001) treadmill walking. The Caltrac overestimated caloric expenditure for rest (M = 7%; range = −8 to 36%) and also for both slow (M = 17%; range = −3 to 30%) and brisk (M = 25%; range = 5 to 46%) walking. However, because of the high validity coefficients during activity, and because of its practicality in field settings, the Caltrac may be useful in estimating daily resting and walking energy expenditure for groups of children.

Combined heart rate and activity improve estimates of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production rates

1996 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 1754-1761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon K. Moon ◽  
Nancy F. Butte
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Nonlinear Functions ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Basal Energy Expenditure

Moon, Jon K., and Nancy F. Butte. Combined heart rate and activity improve estimates of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production rates. J. Appl. Physiol.81(4): 1754–1761, 1996.—Oxygen consumption (V˙o 2) and carbon dioxide production (V˙co 2) rates were measured by electronically recording heart rate (HR) and physical activity (PA). Mean daily V˙o 2 andV˙co 2 measurements by HR and PA were validated in adults ( n = 10 women and 10 men) with room calorimeters. Thirteen linear and nonlinear functions of HR alone and HR combined with PA were tested as models of 24-h V˙o 2 andV˙co 2. Mean sleepV˙o 2 andV˙co 2 were similar to basal metabolic rates and were accurately estimated from HR alone [respective mean errors were −0.2 ± 0.8 (SD) and −0.4 ± 0.6%]. The range of prediction errors for 24-h V˙o 2 andV˙co 2 was smallest for a model that used PA to assign HR for each minute to separate active and inactive curves (V˙o 2, −3.3 ± 3.5%; V˙co 2, −4.6 ± 3%). There were no significant correlations betweenV˙o 2 orV˙co 2 errors and subject age, weight, fat mass, ratio of daily to basal energy expenditure rate, or fitness. V˙o 2,V˙co 2, and energy expenditure recorded for 3 free-living days were 5.6 ± 0.9 ml ⋅ min−1 ⋅ kg−1, 4.7 ± 0.8 ml ⋅ min−1 ⋅ kg−1, and 7.8 ± 1.6 kJ/min, respectively. Combined HR and PA measured 24-h V˙o 2 andV˙co 2 with a precision similar to alternative methods.

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