Energy metabolism in college girls

1961 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachchidananda Banerjee ◽  
Anita Barua ◽  
Arati Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Household Work ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Total Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Work Done

Energy expenditures during different activities of 24 college girls were determined by measurement of oxygen consumption. The energy cost of various activities expressed as Calories per square meter of body surface per hour was as follows: basal metabolic rate (BMR), 28.75 α 0.47; lying at rest, 30.95 α 0.60; sitting at rest, 36.03 α 0.66; sitting at study, 34.59 α 0.63; sitting at household work, 80.71 α 3.50; standing at laboratory work, 48.71 α 2.70; walking, 110.27 α 2.70; ascending stairs, 137.83 α 4.60; and descending stairs, 90.39 α 3.25. The average total daily energy expenditure of the subjects, determined for a period of 7 days, was 1503 Cal. and the average daily intake was 1507 Cal. Energy expenditure during standardized work on the bicycle ergometer was determined in six college girls by measurement of oxygen consumption. The energy cost of work done equivalent to 150 kpm/min. was found lowest when the work was performed in the basal state, highest 1 hour after a heavy meal, and intermediate 4 hours after the meal. The results indicated that performance of work was more efficient on an empty stomach than when it was full. Submitted on September 19, 1960

Energy metabolism in laboratory workers

1959 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachchidananda Banerjee ◽  
Rabindra Nath Sen ◽  
Keshav Narayan Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Household Work ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Total Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Laboratory Workers ◽  
Caloric Balance

Energy expenditure during different activities of 11 laboratory workers was determined by measurement of oxygen consumption. The energy cost of various activities expressed as Calories per m2 body surface per hour were as follows: BMR 30.87 ± 0.741; lying rest 34.79 ± 0.578; sitting rest 36.61 ± 2.927; standing rest 41.24 ± 1.323; sitting study 42.85 ± 1.034; sitting work 46.79 ± 3.036; standing laboratory work 59.96 ± 3.937; standing household work 61.78 ± 3.675; walking 122.06 ± 6.25; ascending stairs 159.94 ± 5.610 and descending stairs 95.80 ± 6.3. The total daily energy expenditure of the subjects, determined for a period of 7 days, varied between 1620 and 2967 Cal. The average food actually consumed by the subjects was analyzed for fat, protein and carbohydrate to determine the calorific value. The intake varied between 1680 and 2928 Cal/day. Most of the subjects were in apparent positive caloric balance but caloric intake was probably overestimated becauseno correction was made for the caloric value of the excreta. Submitted on October 21, 1958

scholarly journals A study of the energy expenditure and food intake of five boys and four girls

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 345-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean W. McNaughton ◽  
Audrey J. Cahn
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Table Tennis ◽  
Office Work ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Total Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
The Individual

1. Assessments were made of the energy expenditure and food intake of five boys and four girls aged between 16 and 20 years.2. The subjects recorded their activity over a 7-day period and weighed and recorded their food intake over the same period. The energy expended by them in performing specific activities, such as sitting, standing and walking, was measured by indirect calorimetry. The total daily energy expenditure of each subject was then counted. (Values were selected from the litera ture for the energy cost of the activities which we did not measure.)3. The following range of values was obtained for the energy cost per min of various activities: sitting, 1.0–1.8 kcal, standing, 1.2–2.0 kcal; walking, 2.0–7.5 kcal; office work 1.1–1.9 kcal; laboratory work 1.4–2.3 kcal; playing table tennis, 4.6 kcal; riding a bicycle, 3.6–6.0 kcal; running, 5.2–7.5 kcal.4. The means and standard deviations for daily energy expenditure and for calorie intake, respectively, expressed in kcal, of the individual subjects were: for the boys 2677±184 and 3348±668, 2285±91 and 2652±418, 2730±263 and 2985±625, 2638±338 and 2379±204, 2594±244 and 3150±692; for the girls 1939±234 and 2340±524, 2261±175 and 2064±376, 2131±148 and 2011±389, 2104±171 and 2454±469.5. There was no correlation between the daily energy expenditure and calorie intake of any subject, nor was there any relation between the weight of individual subjects and either their total energy expenditure or calorie intake.6. It is concluded that more precise methods of measuring the energy expenditure and calorie intake of individual subjects would need to be used in order to determine if there is any correlation between these two variables over short periods.7. The results of this study tend to confirm the findings of other workers that calorie balance is only achieved over periods longer than 7 days.

scholarly journals Energy Expenditure for 70 Activities in Children and Adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (s1) ◽  
pp. S24-S28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffer Eidi Sasaki ◽  
Cheryl A. Howe ◽  
Dinesh John ◽  
Amanda Hickey ◽  
Jeremy Steeves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Metabolic System ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Consumption Data

Background:Thirty-five percent of the activities assigned MET values in the Compendium of Energy Expenditures for Youth were obtained from direct measurement of energy expenditure (EE). The aim of this study was to provide directly measured EE for several different activities in youth.Methods:Resting metabolic rate (RMR) of 178 youths (80 females, 98 males) was first measured. Participants then performed structured activity bouts while wearing a portable metabolic system to directly measure EE. Steady-state oxygen consumption data were used to compute activity METstandard (activity VO2/3.5) and METmeasured (activity VO2/measured RMR) for the different activities.Results:Rates of EE were measured for 70 different activities and ranged from 1.9 to 12.0 METstandard and 1.5 to 10.0 METmeasured.Conclusion:This study provides directly measured energy cost values for 70 activities in children and adolescents. It contributes empirical data to support the expansion of the Compendium of Energy Expenditures for Youth.

Measurement of ‘Basal’ and Total Metabolism in Hereditarily Obese-Hyperglycemic Mice

1958 ◽  
Vol 193 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth McClintock ◽  
Nathan Lifson
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Voluntary Movement ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Isotope Method

Measurements of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production were made by the Haldane open circuit method on hereditarily obese mice and littermate controls, and the energy expenditures were estimated. Studies were made on mice for short periods under ‘basal’ conditions, and for periods of approximately a day with the mice fasted and confined, fasted and relatively unconfined, and fed and unconfined. The total energy expenditures of fed and unconfined obese mice were found to be higher than those of nonobese littermate controls by virtue of a) increased ‘basal metabolism’, b) greater energy expenditure associated with feeding, and possibly c) larger energy output for activity despite reduced voluntary movement. The values obtained for total metabolism confirm those previously determined by an isotope method for measuring CO2 output.

scholarly journals WHICH IS THE BEST WAY TO PERFORM THE PHYSIOLOGICAL COST INDEX IN ACTIVE INDIVIDUALS WITH UNILATERAL TRANS-TIBIAL AMPUTATION?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Brunelli ◽  
Andrea Sancesario ◽  
Marco Iosa ◽  
Anna Sofia Delussu ◽  
Noemi Gentileschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Cost Index ◽  
Physiological Cost ◽  
Fitness Training ◽  
Energy Cost Of Walking

BACKGROUND: Physiological Cost Index (PCI) is a simple method used to estimate energy expenditure during walking. It is based on a ratio between heart rate and self-selected walking speed. Previous studies reported that PCI is reliable in individuals with lower limb amputation but only if there is an important walking impairment. No previous studies have investigated the correlation of PCI with the Energy Cost Walking (ECW) in active individuals with traumatic unilateral trans-tibial amputation, considering that this particular category of amputees has an ECW quite similar to healthy individual without lower limb amputation. Moreover, it is important to determine if PCI is also correlated to ECW in the treadmill test so as to have an alternative to over-ground test. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between PCI and ECW in active individuals with traumatic trans-tibial amputation in different walking conditions. The secondary aim was to evaluate if this correlation permits to determine ECW from PCI values. METHODOLOGY: Ninety traumatic amputees were enrolled. Metabolic data, heart rate and walking speed for the calculation of ECW and for PCI were computed over-ground and on a treadmill with 0% and 12% slopes during a 6-minute walking test. FINDINGS: There is a significant correlation between ECW and PCI walking over-ground (p=0.003; R2=0.10) and on treadmill with 12% slopes (p=0.001; R2=0.11) but there is only a poor to moderate correlation around the trendline. No significant correlation was found walking on treadmill with 0% slope. The Bland-Altman plot analysis suggests that is not possible to evaluate ECW directly from PCI. CONCLUSIONS: PCI is a reliable alternative measure of energy expenditure during walking in active individuals with trans-tibial amputation when performing over-ground or at high intensity effort on treadmill. PCI is therefore useful only for monitoring a within subject assessment. LAYMAN’S ABSTRACT The knowledge of the energy cost of walking in disabled people is important to improve strategies of rehabilitation or fitness training and to develop new prosthetic and orthotic components. The “gold standard” for the evaluation of the energy cost of walking is the oxygen consumption measurement with a metabolimeter, but the testing procedure is expensive and time consuming, hardly practicable in many rehabilitation centers. The Physiological Cost Index (PCI) is an indirect tool that evaluates the oxygen consumption during walking. PCI considers heart rate during walking, in relation to the speed, as an indicator of energy expenditure. The formula is “walking heart rate – resting heart rate /speed”. PCI is widely used in literature but there is not a solid evidence of a direct correlation between PCI and energy cost of walking. In particular, for individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation without comorbidities, no previous studies have been conducted about this correlation. It has to be noticed that individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation have an energy cost of walking quite similar to healthy people. Previous studies reported that in healthy people such correlation does not exist. For this reason, the aim of this study was to evaluate if and in which walking condition a linear correlation exists between PCI and Energy Cost Walking in individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation. Oxygen consumption measurement with a metabolimeter and PCI were computed over-ground and on a treadmill with 0% and 12% slopes during a 6-minute walking test in 90 participants. We have found that PCI is an alternative measure of energy cost of walking when performing over-ground or with high intensity effort on treadmill (12% slope). These findings could be useful when PCI is used for monitoring a fitness training or for evaluation tests. Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/32953/25717 How to Cite: Brunelli S, Sancesario A, Iosa M, Delussu A.S, Gentileschi N, Bonanni C, Foti C, Traballesi M. Which is the best way to perform the Physiological Cost Index in active individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation? Canadian Prosthetics & Orthotics Journal. Volume2, Issue1, No.5, 2019. https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v2i1.32953. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Dr. Stefano Brunelli,Fondazione Santa Lucia, IRCCS, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy.ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5986-1564Tel. +39 0651501844; Fax +39 0651501919E-MAIL: [email protected]

A comparison of draught cattle (Bos indicus) and buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) carting loads in hot conditions

1989 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Anne Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Steady Decrease ◽  
Main Disadvantage ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Work Done

ABSTRACTTwo pairs of cattle and two pairs of buffaloes carted loads, in wooden wheeled local carts, 16 to 17 km over the same flat route on village tracks. One team worked each day in temperatures of 24 to 37°C for a total of 6 days per team.Body temperature, respiration rate and stepping rate in one animal from each pair and work done and distance travelled were monitored.Buffaloes and cattle started work at speeds of 1 m/s or more. Cattle kept this up for most of the day whereas the buffaloes showed a steady decrease in speed over the day to speeds of less than 0·9 m/s in the last hour. Body temperature of the buffaloes increased during work. By 3-5 h, increases of up to 3·5°C in starting values could be seen. It was necessary to stop and let the buffaloes wallow for at least 20 min to allow them to cool off before they would continue to work. During wallowing body temperature decreased to or below values seen at the start of the day's work. Unlike the buffaloes, the cattle showed changes of less than 1°C in body temperature during work. Respiration rates of buffaloes increased at least two-fold as they began panting usually after 1·5 to 2·5 h. Respiration rates of the cattle could also increase up to three-fold during work. The results have shown that in well fed animals there is little to choose between buffaloes and oxen in daily work output. Estimated daily energy expenditures by the buffaloes and cattle on working days were similar, 1·75 to 1·79 and 1·74 to 1·78 × maintenance, respectively. However, buffaloes usually took longer to achieve the work, as time had to be allowed for wallowing. This is seen as the main disadvantage of using buffaloes for carting on longer routes.

Use of doubly labeled water technique in soldiers training for jungle warfare

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Forbes-Ewan ◽  
B. L. Morrissey ◽  
G. C. Gregg ◽  
D. R. Waters
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Balance Study ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Doubly Labeled Water Method

The doubly labeled water method was used to estimate the energy expended by four members of an Australian Army platoon (34 soldiers) engaged in training for jungle warfare. Each subject received an oral isotope dose sufficient to raise isotope levels by 200–250 (18O) and 100–120 ppm (2H). The experimental period was 7 days. Concurrently, a factorial estimate of the energy expenditure of the platoon was conducted. Also, a food intake-energy balance study was conducted for the platoon. Mean daily energy expenditure by the doubly labeled water method was 4,750 kcal (range 4,152–5,394 kcal). The factorial estimate of mean daily energy expenditure was 4,535 kcal. Because of inherent inaccuracies in the food intake-energy balance technique, we were able to conclude only that energy expenditure, as measured by this method, was greater than the estimated mean daily intake of 4,040 kcal. The doubly labeled water technique was well tolerated, is noninvasive, and appears to be suitable in a wide range of field applications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document