Effect of physical training on exercise-induced sweating in women

1981 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1526-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Araki ◽  
K. Matsushita ◽  
K. Umeno ◽  
A. Tsujino ◽  
Y. Toda
Keyword(s):  
Physical Training ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Sweat Rate ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Progressive Decrease ◽  
Trained Group ◽  
Hot Environment ◽  
Exercise Induced

The effect of physical training on the time course of sweat rate in women has been examined. Physically untrained and trained young female subjects pedaled a bicycle ergometer at work rates of 483 and 981 kgm.min-1, for 2 h in summer and winter in an ambient environment of 30 degrees C db and 60% rh. The trained women also worked at 1,070 kgm.min-1 and the untrained at 391 kgm.min-1. Rectal temperature was measured, and capsule sweat samples were collected from the back every 5 min. Sweating was initiated more rapidly in the trained group than in the untrained group. The trained group working at a load of 981 kgm.min-1 exhibited a progressive decrease in sweat rate. This was not observed at a work load of 483 kgm.min-1. Hidromeiosis was rarely seen in the untrained group. However, in the untrained women who underwent 60 days of physical training, initiation of sweating occurred more quickly and hidromeiosis was observed. It was concluded that previous physical training improved women's capacity for useful sweating during exercise in a hot environment.

Thermoregulation during rest and exercise in different postures in a hot humid environment

1980 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 999-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kabayashi ◽  
S. M. Horvath ◽  
F. J. Diaz ◽  
D. R. Bransford ◽  
B. L. Drinkwater
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Evaporative Heat Loss ◽  
Humid Environment ◽  
Supine Posture ◽  
Three Body ◽  
Rest And Exercise

The time course of whole-body sweating and thermal regulation during rest and exercise in a hot humid environment was investigated in three body postures. After 45 min rest in the upright, low-sit, or supine posture, five unacclimatized men exercised for 45 min on a bicycle ergometer in the same posture in an environment of 49.5 degrees C, 28.9 Torr. Exercise was performed at two different work loads, corresponding to about 30 and 45% of VO2max. During exercise auditory canal temperature, rectal temperature, and mean skin temperature increased linearly being highest in the supine and lowest in the upright posture. Percentage of evaporated sweat from the skin to secreted sweat was 65% in upright, 52% in the low-sit, and only 46% in the supine posture during the last 20 min of exercise regardless of work load. The time course of the rate of body heat storage was different from predictions based on the thermal balance equation. Evaporative heat loss was not 100% effective in cooling the skin surface.

Influence of physical exercise on sex-hormone metabolism

1980 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 765-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Keizer ◽  
J. Poortman ◽  
G. S. Bunnik
Keyword(s):  
Infusion Pump ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Metabolic Clearance ◽  
Hormone Metabolism ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Exercise Period ◽  
Value Range ◽  
Exercise Induced

We have studied the effects of short-term exercise on the degradation rate of estradiol (E2) measured as the metabolic clearance rate (MCRE2). Six young women (mean age 20.7 yr) volunteered for this study in which we investigated the influence of a submaximal bicycle ergometer load on the MCRE2. All measurements were done in the morning of the 7th to 10th day of the menstrual cycle. [3H]estradiol 17 beta ([3H]E2) was administered intravenously at a constant rate by an infusion pump. During the exercise period on the bicycle ergometer (70% VO2max, 10 min) and the recovery period (25% VO2max, 30 min), several blood samples were taken in which the [3H]E2 concentration was estimated. The results showed a strong decrease in the MCRE2 (range 18-67%) at the end of the work load for all the volunteers. At the end of the recovery period, the MCR was still lower than the basal value (range 30-50%). The possible mechanisms and relevance of these exercise-induced MCR changes of estradiol are discussed.

Enhanced exercise-induced rise of aldosterone and vasopressin preceding mountain sickness

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Bartsch ◽  
M. Maggiorini ◽  
W. Schobersberger ◽  
S. Shaw ◽  
W. Rascher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Factor ◽  
Acute Mountain Sickness ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Fluid Retention ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone ◽  
Mountain Sickness ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Induced Changes

A possible contribution of exercise to the fluid retention associated with acute mountain sickness (AMS) was investigated in 17 mountaineers who underwent an exercise test for 30 min on a bicycle ergometer with a constant work load of 148 +/- 9 (SE) W at low altitude (LA) and with 103 +/- 6 W 4–7 h after arrival at 4,559 m or high altitude (HA). Mean heart rates during exercise at both altitudes and during active ascent to HA were similar. Exercise-induced changes at LA did not differ significantly between the eight subjects who stayed well and the nine subjects who developed AMS during a 3-day sojourn at 4,559 m. At HA, O2 saturation before (71 +/- 2 vs. 83 +/- 2%, P less than 0.01) and during exercise (67 +/- 2 vs. 72 +/- 1%, P less than 0.025) was lower and exercise-induced increase of plasma aldosterone (617 +/- 116 vs. 233 +/- 42 pmol/l, P less than 0.025) and plasma antidiuretic hormone (23.8 +/- 14.4 vs. 3.4 +/- 1.8 pmol/l, P less than 0.05) was greater in the AMS group, whereas exercise-induced rise of plasma atrial natriuretic factor and changes of hematocrit, potassium, and osmolality in plasma were similar in both groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Comparison of arm versus leg work in induction of acute episodes of asthma

1977 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Strauss ◽  
R. L. Haynes ◽  
R. H. Ingram ◽  
E. R. McFadden
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽  
Leg Exercise ◽  
Arm Work ◽  
Muscle Groups ◽  
Type Of Exercise ◽  
Exercise Induced

The severity of exercise-induced asthma varies with the type of exercise performed. To determine whether such variation could be attributed to the use of different muscle groups, we exercised arms separately from legs using a bicycle ergometer. First, arms were exercised to exhaustion, then legs were exercised at the same load for the same duration. Arm work resulted in greater ventilation, heart rate, hydrogen ion concentration, and airway obstruction than did leg work. Later, legs were exercised to exhaustion using a load more than twice that of the arm work. Both the exhausting leg work and exhausting arm work resulted in significant bronchospasm and acidosis, whereas the nonexhausting leg work did not. These data suggest that, in arm and/or leg exercise, the relationship of work load to muscle mass is a determinant of airway obstruction.

Respiratory quotient during exercise

1961 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 606-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Issekutz ◽  
K. Rodahl
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Minute Volume ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Co2 Output ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Heavy Work ◽  
Secondary Drop

O2 uptake and CO2 output were determined during exercise on the bicycle ergometer. During moderate and heavy work three phases could be distinguished in the time course of RQ: a) initial increase, b) secondary drop followed by c) a continuous rise to a steady state which was reached after 3 ½12—4 min work. The rise of work RQ (ΔRQ) above an assumed metabolic RQ of 0.75 (or 0.83) showed an approximately logarithmic increase as work load increased. In the same subject there was a straight-line correlation between “nonmetabolic” excess CO2 (= total CO2 minus 0.75 x O2) and the increase of blood lactate level ( P < 0.001). In pooled calculations, a correlation coefficient γ = 0.92 was found. Whereas the respiratory minute volume plotted against O2 uptake or CO2 output showed a relative hyperventilation as the subject approached maximal aerobic capacity, excess CO2 increased with the ventilation in a straight-line fashion. It was concluded that the δRQ represents the percentual participation of anaerobic glycolysis in the total energy expenditure rather than the fuel used during exercise. Submitted on January 26, 1961

Catecholamine-fuel interrelationships during exercise in fasting men

1980 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Pequignot ◽  
L. Peyrin ◽  
G. Peres
Keyword(s):  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Plasma Catecholamines ◽  
Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Plasma Norepinephrine ◽  
Plasma Catecholamine ◽  
Adrenergic Response ◽  
Response To Exercise

Adrenergic response to exercise and the relationships between plasma catecholamines and blood energetic substrates were studied in sedentary men after 15 h of fasting. Subjects pedaled a bicycle ergometer until exhaustion at a work load approximating 80% maximal oxygen consumption. Working ability was diminished by the fast (P less than 0.025). Resting plasma norepinephrine level was increased by fasting. During exercise plasma epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) concentrations were more elevated in fasting subjects than in fed subjects. Plasma catecholamine (CA) levels in fasting men correlated with blood glucose, blood lactate, and plasma glycerol concentrations. There was no significative correlation between CA and plasma free fatty acid (FFA) levels. The increased adrenergic activity in fasting subjects correlated with reduced endurance time. This study emphasizes the role of CA release, probably combined with other hormonal factors, in the mobilization of energy substrates during submaximal exercise.

Inhaled Terbutaline Administered via a Spacer Fully Prevents Exercise-Induced Asthma in Young Asthmatic Subjects: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study

1989 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 506-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.T. Dinh Xuan ◽  
C. Lebeau ◽  
R. Roche ◽  
A. Ferriere ◽  
M. Chaussain
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Work Load ◽  
Cycle Ergometer ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Adrenergic Agonist ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Age Range

The effects of inhaled terbutaline, a β2-adrenergic agonist, administered via a 750-ml spacer device were studied in young asthmatic subjects with exercise-induced asthma. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of the effects of inhaled 0.5 mg terbutaline and placebo was conducted in 10 asthmatic children (age range 6–16 years) with documented exercise-induced asthma. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) was measured at baseline, 15 min after inhaling terbutaline or placebo, and at intervals up to 60 min after exercising. Subjects exercised using a cycle ergometer for 5 min at a submaximal, constant work-load while breathing dry air at room temperature. Terbutaline induced bronchodilation at rest in all subject and fully prevented exercise-induced asthma in nine out of the 10 subjects; the exercise-induced fall in FEV1 was markedly reduced in the remaining subject. It is concluded that exercise-induced asthma can be inhibited by pretreatment with inhaled terbutaline, administered via a spacer, in a majority of young asthmatics.

Distance Running Improves Fitness in Asthmatic Children Without Pulmonary Complications or Changes in Exercise-Induced Bronchospasm

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Bruce G. Nickerson ◽  
Daisy B. Bautista ◽  
Marla A. Namey ◽  
Warren Richards ◽  
Thomas G. Keens
Keyword(s):  
Stress Test ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
Inspiratory Pressure ◽  
Distance Running ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Exercise Induced

The effect of a distance running program was studied in 15 children with severe chronic asthma. Following a 6-week control period, the subjects ran four days a week for 6 weeks. The distance was increased gradually to 3.2km. Clinical status and need for treatment did not change. Episodes of exercise-induced bronchospasm were readily reversed. Fitness improved as measured by the distance run in 12 minutes (P &lt;.005). Resting pulmonary function did not change. Exercise-induced bronchospasm following a bicycle ergometer stress test under comparable conditions did not change. Ventilatory muscle strength, measured as the maximal inspiratory pressure, and endurance, measured as the sustainable inspiratory pressure, were at a high level initially and did not change. It is concluded that distance running is safe and can increase the fitness of asthmatic children who are receiving adequate therapy.

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