scholarly journals Pregnancy and COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. N. Wastnedge ◽  
Rebecca M. Reynolds ◽  
Sara R. van Boeckel ◽  
Sarah J. Stock ◽  
Fiona C. Denison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Provision ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

There are many unknowns for pregnant women during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Clinical experience of pregnancies complicated with infection by other coronaviruses e.g., Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome, has led to pregnant woman being considered potentially vulnerable to severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Physiological changes during pregnancy have a significant impact on the immune system, respiratory system, cardiovascular function, and coagulation. These may have positive or negative effects on COVID-19 disease progression. The impact of SARS-CoV-2 in pregnancy remains to be determined, and a concerted, global effort is required to determine the effects on implantation, fetal growth and development, labor, and neonatal health. Asymptomatic infection presents a further challenge regarding service provision, prevention, and management. Besides the direct impacts of the disease, a plethora of indirect consequences of the pandemic adversely affect maternal health, including reduced access to reproductive health services, increased mental health strain, and increased socioeconomic deprivation. In this review, we explore the current knowledge of COVID-19 in pregnancy and highlight areas for further research to minimize its impact for women and their children.

scholarly journals DAMPAK PERCERAIAN TERHADAP PERILAKU ANAK DAN HASIL BELAJAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Fatkhu Yasik ◽  
Dewi Anggraeni ◽  
Aulia Sahnaz
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Emotional Expressions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Children's Behavior ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Collection Methods

This study aims to examine the impact of divorce: (1) knowing the existence of a divorce factor. (2) how the impact of divorce on children's behavior. (3) what is the impact of divorce on children's learning outcomes. This study uses qualitative research. The subject of this study was MI Al Khairiyah students in Duri Kosambi Cengkareng, West Jakarta who were victims of their parents' divorce. Data collection methods used in this study are interviews, data analysis includes data reduction and coding. Validation of research data uses tringgulation where researchers conduct interviews with some of the subjects to analyze their validity with other supporters. The results of this study indicate that the impact of parental divorce on children's behavior and learning outcomes can have a negative impact. Many negative effects are expressed by emotional expressions that make the child, easily sad, irritable, naughty and sometimes become quiet and inferior to his friends whose parents are not divorced. So that there is no motivation for active learning and achievement in the class because there is no support and attention of both parents for children excited in the process of learning and growth and development

The impact of climate change on the biology of the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus: current knowledge and gaps to be filled.

2021 ◽  
pp. 193-208
Author(s):  
Isabel Santos ◽  
Matias Pablo Juan Szabó ◽  
Alexandre Rodrigues Caetano ◽  
Maristela Martins de Camargo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Rhipicephalus Microplus ◽  
Cattle Tick ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Host Ecology ◽  
Earth’S Climate ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This expert opinion revisits the factors affecting the on- and off-host ecology of Rhipicephalus microplus in the context of climate change. It also highlights how the negative effects of heat stress caused by climate change on animal welfare, productivity and health of cattle will likely become more of an issue in the future if the Earth's climate continues to warm as predicted.

Wasta, the Impact of Preferment on Organizational Culture and Human Resource Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Kassab Sfeir
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Culture Model ◽  
Employee Relationships ◽  
Negative Role ◽  
The Impact

Organizations must continuously monitor their processes. They should make significant changes to retain talent and improve productivity. One way to recognize the need to achieve change is through improving their organizational culture. This article details the investigation of a phenomenon of organizational culture in the Middle East. Wasta is a Middle Eastern system of preferment operating in many institutions in the region affecting employee engagement, advancement, and influence within an organization. Interviews, observations and social network analysis were employed to investigate the degree to which this phenomenon occurs in four universities in Lebanon and its negative effects on employee relationships. The data was input into NVivo to obtain statistical information to support the hypothesis of wasta's negative role. The research process culminated in the development of the wasta organizational culture model (WOC), highlights the impact of wasta on employee relationships supporting further research and collaborative initiatives to improve HR practices in the Middle East.

scholarly journals Stereotypes in Services - A Systematic Literature Review to Move from Scattered Insights to Generalizable Knowledge

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-236
Author(s):  
Hannes Fleischer
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Service Encounter ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Strong Focus ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

Over the last 40 years, the impact of stereotypes in a service context has been investigated repeatedly, as stereotypes can have a strong influence on interactions during the service encounter. The many academic studies analysed various stereotypes, took a customer or employee perspective, investigated attitudinal or behavioural outcomes before and after an interaction and found both positive and negative effects of stereotypes. Thus, a synthesis of research is needed that integrates existing knowledge to clarify what researchers have learnt about stereotypes in services. The main contribution of our research is to aggregate and categorise the highly specialized findings that exist on specific stereotypes and thus make the current knowledge more generalisable. The results of our study reveal that a strong focus on customer stereotypes regarding employees exists, but other stereotype constellations are less often investigated. Similarly, the investigation of more subtle stereotype triggers and the consideration of contextual factors should receive more attention. Finally, even as we identified meaningful managerial implications to address the consequences of stereotypes, academic papers need to include a practitioner’s perspective more consequently.

scholarly journals The Impact of Microorganisms in Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-38
Author(s):  
Nastaran Ghandali ◽  
Hoda Sabati ◽  
Ali Emami ◽  
Masumeh Dadashaliha
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Timely Manner ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Recent Outbreak ◽  
Immune Changes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

The pregnancy process involves many physiological changes, including weight gain, hormonal, metabolic and immune changes. One of the effective factors in this process is infection caused by microorganisms. Originally, before the advent of antibiotics, pregnancy was known as a risk factor for severe complications of pneumococcal pneumonia. Among viral infections, the 2009 flu pandemic issued a newer warning that some infections may disproportionately affect pregnant women and cause miscarriage and its complications during pregnancy. Generalization of pregnancy as a condition of suppression of the general immune system or increased risk is misleading and prevents the establishment of adequate guidelines for the treatment of pregnant women during epidemics. Viral infection has also become an important factor in pregnancy conditions. The recent outbreak of Ebola and other viral outbreaks and epidemics shows how pregnant women show worse outcomes (such as preterm delivery and fetal adverse outcomes) than the general population and non-pregnant women. The purpose of this article is studying pathogenesis of microorganisms and the risks which pose to the mother and the fetus. In order to investigate these factors, from 120 article prepared from google scholar and Pub med, Elsevier database. Knowing these factors can increase the ability to treat the infections in a timely manner and prevent their effects on the fetus and the patient.

Sleep in Pregnancy

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-92
Author(s):  
Louise M. O’Brien, PhD, MS ◽  
Galit L. Dunietz, MPH, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Fetal Origins ◽  
Maternal Sleep ◽  
Disturbed Sleep ◽  
The Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

Pregnancy is the time during which one or more offspring develops inside a woman. This chapter focuses on sleep quality and emergence of sleep disorders in pregnancy, which has implications for both the fetus as well as the mother. An overview of empirical evidence of the association between disturbed sleep in pregnancy and pregnancy-related outcomes is provided along with a ion of The chapter also reviews common sleep disturbances in pregnancy, such as sleep-disordered breathing, insufficient sleep, poor sleep quality, and restless legs syndrome, and synthesizes current knowledge of the impact of poor sleep on pregnancy outcomes, with a particular emphasis on fetal well-being. Evidence is also presented on the potential for maternal sleep to influence fetal origins of chronic disease.

scholarly journals PREGNANCY WITH HEART DISEASE

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Priti Singh ◽  
Krishna Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cardiac Disease ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
High Risk Women ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
In Pregnancy

Cardiac disease remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in pregnant and post-partum women. Aim of this review is to provide a brief overview of current knowledge and practice in the field, with an emphasis on the major physiological changes which occur during pregnancy, clinical assessment in pregnancy, management of delivery (concentrating on managed vaginal delivery), drug treatment, key conditions and risk assessment. The latter factor is particularly important in terms of being able to identify high-risk women earlier and to counsel them appropriately. Pregnant women with cardiovascular conditions can, with appropriate knowledge and counselling, be managed safely in specialist multidisciplinary services.

Adaptability and potential for treatment of placental functions to improve embryonic development and postnatal health

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Cross
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lines Of Evidence ◽  
In Pregnancy

For an organ that is so critical for life in eutherian mammals, the placenta hardly gets the attention that it deserves. The placenta does a series of remarkable things, including implanting the embryo in the uterus, negotiating with the mother for nutrients but also protecting her health during pregnancy, helping establish normal metabolic and cardiovascular function for life postnatally (developmental programming) and initiating changes that prepare the mother to care for and suckle her young after birth. Different lines of evidence in experimental animals suggest that the development and function of the placenta are adaptable. This means that some of the changes observed in pathological pregnancies may represent attempts to mitigate the impact of fetal growth and development. Key and emerging concepts are reviewed here concerning how we may view the placenta diagnostically and therapeutically in pregnancy complications, focusing on information from experimental studies in mice, sheep and cattle, as well as association studies from humans. Hundreds of different genes have been shown to underlie normal placental development and function, some of which have promise as tractable targets for intervention in pregnancies at risk for poor fetal growth.

scholarly journals Tellurium: A Rare Element with Influence on Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Biological Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5924
Author(s):  
Silvia Vávrová ◽  
Eva Struhárňanská ◽  
Ján Turňa ◽  
Stanislav Stuchlík
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Causal Link ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Rare Element ◽  
Oncological Diseases ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms ◽  
The Impact

Metalloid tellurium is characterized as a chemical element belonging to the chalcogen group without known biological function. However, its compounds, especially the oxyanions, exert numerous negative effects on both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Recent evidence suggests that increasing environmental pollution with tellurium has a causal link to autoimmune, neurodegenerative and oncological diseases. In this review, we provide an overview about the current knowledge on the mechanisms of tellurium compounds’ toxicity in bacteria and humans and we summarise the various ways organisms cope and detoxify these compounds. Over the last decades, several gene clusters conferring resistance to tellurium compounds have been identified in a variety of bacterial species and strains. These genetic determinants exhibit great genetic and functional diversity. Besides the existence of specific resistance mechanisms, tellurium and its toxic compounds interact with molecular systems, mediating general detoxification and mitigation of oxidative stress. We also discuss the similarity of tellurium and selenium biochemistry and the impact of their compounds on humans.

Wasta, the Impact of Preferment on Organizational Culture and Human Resource Management

2022 ◽  
pp. 1297-1313
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Kassab Sfeir
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Culture Model ◽  
Employee Relationships ◽  
Negative Role ◽  
The Impact

Organizations must continuously monitor their processes. They should make significant changes to retain talent and improve productivity. One way to recognize the need to achieve change is through improving their organizational culture. This article details the investigation of a phenomenon of organizational culture in the Middle East. Wasta is a Middle Eastern system of preferment operating in many institutions in the region affecting employee engagement, advancement, and influence within an organization. Interviews, observations and social network analysis were employed to investigate the degree to which this phenomenon occurs in four universities in Lebanon and its negative effects on employee relationships. The data was input into NVivo to obtain statistical information to support the hypothesis of wasta's negative role. The research process culminated in the development of the wasta organizational culture model (WOC), highlights the impact of wasta on employee relationships supporting further research and collaborative initiatives to improve HR practices in the Middle East.

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