scholarly journals Superelement Verification in Complex Structural Models

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 369-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Dupont ◽  
E. Pillet ◽  
S. Cogan
Keyword(s):  
Approximate Solution ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Response Prediction ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Structural Assembly ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
Natural Result ◽  
Definition Of

The objective of this article is to propose decision indicators to guide the analyst in the optimal definition of an ensemble of superelements in a complex structural assembly. These indicators are constructed based on comparisons between the unreduced physical model and the approximate solution provided by a nominally reduced superelement model. First, the low contribution substructure slave modes are filtered. Then, the minimum dynamical residual expansion is used to localize the superelements which are the most responsible for the response prediction errors. Moreover, it is shown that static residual vectors, which are a natural result of these calculations, can be included to represent the contribution of important truncated slave modes and consequently correct the deficient superelements. The proposed methodology is illustrated on a subassembly of an aeroengine model.

The Great Reversal

Divested ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 9-27
Author(s):  
Ken-Hou Lin ◽  
Megan Tobias Neely
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
The United States ◽  
Good Thing ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Account ◽  
2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
The 2008 Financial Crisis ◽  
Natural Result ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter discusses the definition of finance and the meaning of financialization, a concept introduced long before the 2008 financial crisis that has since gained popularity in both academic and public discussion. It argues that finance, while having served an important function in many societies, has become too much of a good thing in the United States, and cites evidence demonstrating its extraordinary growth in and beyond the last quarter of the 20th century. The chapter also provides a brief historical account that identifies the political and institutional roots of financialization, from the Bretton Woods Agreement to the political reorientation in the 1980s, underscoring that the shift was not a natural result of capitalist economy but a historical product contingent on a wide variety of developments.

scholarly journals Empirical Estimates for how Changes in China’s Foreign Reserves Are Hurting Chinese Exports and Helping US Exports

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Jonathan E. Leightner
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Omitted Variables ◽  
Foreign Reserves ◽  
Empirical Estimates ◽  
Complex Structural

This paper estimates the change in China's exports and the change in US exports due to a one dollar increase in China's foreign reserves. The statistical technique used produces reduced form estimates that capture the influence of omitted variables without having to construct and estimate complex structural models. I find that in August 2000 China's accumulation of 621 million dollars of foreign reserves is correlated with China's exports increasing by 151 million and the US's exports falling by 628 million dollars. In contrast, in November 2016, China spending 69 billion dollars of its foreign reserves supporting the value of the yuan is correlated with China's exports falling by 4.77 billion and the US's exports rising by 2.42 billion. Donald Trump's accusation that China is suppressing the yuan exchange rate to help Chinese exports at the expense of US exports did not fit the facts between August 11, 2015 and December 31, 2016.

P5429Mechanical dyssynchrony has a higher predictive value for CRT response than different ECG-based definitions of LBBB

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Beela ◽  
J Duchenne ◽  
J U Voigt
Keyword(s):  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Response Prediction ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Cardiac Resynchronization ◽  
Total Width ◽  
Systolic Volume ◽  
2D Echocardiography ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Apical Rocking ◽  
Septal Flash

Abstract Background/Aim To investigate the value of baseline assessment of mechanical dyssynchrony (Dyss) in predicting response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in comparison to the classic ECG definition of left bundle branch block (LBBB) (Classic-def) as well as the recently proposed Sex- based definition (Sex-def.). Methods The baseline ECGs of 194 patients (31% females, 39% with ischemic cardiomyopathy, mean QRS width 159±25 ms and mean LVEF 29±8%) were investigated for identifying the criteria of LBBB before CRT implantation. Classic-def., defined as notched or slurred QRS complex in at least two of the leads I, aVL, V1, V2, V5 and V6 with a total width of at least 120 ms in addition to the absence of Q wave in lead I, V5 and V6 was identified in 74% of the study population. Sex-def. was identified in 69%, which is a QRS duration of at least 140 and 130 ms for men and women respectively with otherwise the same criteria of the Classic definition. Dyss was defined as the presence of either apical rocking and/or septal flash in 2D echocardiography prior to implantation. Volumetric response to CRT was defined as a reduction of at least 15% of the LV-end systolic volume (ESV) at follow up echocardiography (12±6 months after device implantation). Results Patient with baseline Dyss showed the highest response rates (76%) with a sensitivity of 88%, a specificity of 63% and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.76 (P<0.001) compared to 70% (sensitivity 82%, specificity 47%, AUC 0.65, P<0.01) in patients with Sex-def. and 65% (sensitivity 84%, specificity 40%, AUC 0.62, P=0.01) in patients with Classic-def. (Figure A). Pairwise comparisons showed that the accuracy of the Sex-def. did not differ significantly from the Classic-def. in response prediction (AUC=0.65 vs. 0.62 for Sex-def. vs. Classic-def. respectively, P=0.27). Alternatively, Dyss showed a significantly higher accuracy in predicting response to therapy (AUC=0.76) as compared to Sex-def. and Classic-def. (P=0.02 and <0.01 respectively, Figure B). Mech. dyssynchrony vs. ECG-based LBBB Conclusion The presence of Apical rocking and/or septal flash before CRT is associated with better response to CRT as compared to various ECG definitions of LBBB. Although a Sex-based definition of LBBB showed a trend of better response to CRT as compared to the Classic definition, it was not statistically significant.

scholarly journals Modeling of a resource-saving method of drawing

2019 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 01073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Tsypkina ◽  
Veronica Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Process Equipment ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Definition Of

In this article examines the possibility of modernization of the drawing of the machine by means of preliminary modeling of resource-saving method of drawing (building information and mathematical models) and the definition of expediency of the further implementation of the physical model of the process equipment.

Comparison of a Simplified Vessel Response Estimation With a State of the Art Vessel Response Prediction Computer Tool

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens B. Ildstad ◽  
Thomas M. Kolstad ◽  
Karl H. Halse
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Response Prediction ◽  
Hydrodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Detail Design ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Vessel Response ◽  
Definition Of

Within ship design it is of great importance to predict the vessels movement while at sea so the designer can ensure safety and comfort of passengers and crew. In early stages of the design process, where main dimensions are not yet set, it is useful to have a qualified estimate of what the vessel behavior will be. In 2004 Jensen et.al proposed a series of closed form expressions to calculate the wave induced motions for a monohull ship. Jensen’s formulas were based on a semi analytical approach and the input data is restricted to main dimensions together with forward speed and heading. The main idea behind a simplified vessel response estimate is to be able to make qualified evaluations of a vessel’s hydrodynamic characteristics at an early stage in the design process. Recently, several applications have been developed based on Jensen’s method. An independent comparison of the method was therefore sought after, in order to increase the understanding of the accuracy level of the simplified method. In this paper we compare the ship motion estimated with Jensen’s simplified method with the vessel prediction from a state-of-the-art linear hydrodynamic vessel prediction module in ShipX. J.J. Jensen’s simplified method delivers significant differences in response amplitude and resonance range. While more general trends seem to be well captured. The differences originate mainly from Jensen’s assumptions about constant added mass, the definition of the damping coefficient and that the ship is considered box-shaped. These differences give that the simplified method is not suitable as a tool for detail design of ships, but more suitable as support during concept development of ship designs.

VALIDATION OF REPUTATION MEASUREMENT METHODS IN THE POST-SOVIET TERRITORY

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-105
Author(s):  
IVAN SOKOLOVSKYY ◽  
DARIA POTAPOVA ◽  
PAVLO TIENIN
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Corporate Reputation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Structural Models ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
Reputation Measurement ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Emotional Component ◽  
Definition Of

Different approaches to definition of “reputation” concept and its presence in different disciplines’ discourse result in development of large number of reputation measurement approaches. The closest approaches to the sociological understanding of reputation are the RQ (CRQ) and RepTrak™ ones. These approaches were developed by western authors and have not been validated in the post-Soviet territory yet. The paper reviewed the verification of RepTrak™ methodology’s reliability and validity, and analyzed the terminological differences between the types of validity used by the authors of the methodology and their semantic counterparts, traditional for sociology. It is noted in the article that the developers of the methodology did not offer a unified model of corporate reputation; validation was carried out separately for two reputation constructs. The first construct confirms the connection between the emotional component of reputation and articulated willingness to act, the second — between the emotional and cognitive components of reputation. Using empirical data collected in Ukraine, Russia and Kazakhstan, the authors of the article reproduced the procedures and approaches used by the methodology developers for confirmation of the methodology’s reliability and validity. To this end, authors of the article used confirmatory factor analysis and built structural models that fully correspond to the models used by the developers of the model. The authors of the article compare the parameters of the models and their criteria of fitting to the empirical data. As a result of a comparison done for each reputational construct a conclusion about the possibility of using the emotional reputation index in all three countries was done. It was concluded also that it is possible to use a complete original methodology for reputation research in Ukraine and Russia and it is required to modify it for Kazakhstan.

Estimating Pore Pressure in HPHT Wells in Yinggehai Basin, China Based on Hierarchical Eaton's Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Xian Shi ◽  
Jun Cai ◽  
Yuan Fang Cheng ◽  
Lei Li
Keyword(s):  
Pore Pressure ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
New Method ◽  
Prediction Methods ◽  
Prediction Errors ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Yinggehai Basin ◽  
Abnormal Pressure ◽  
Local Complex ◽  
Definition Of

The application of well logging data is one of the most common prediction methods of pore pressure. According to acquire the field practical applicability and high accuracy, Eaton’s method proposed a definition of area index which can present the local complex factors resulting in abnormal pressure regardless of overpressure generating mechanisms. However, the computed area index is generally calculated by one layer in the whole formation, thereby generating some prediction errors. This paper presents a new method called “Hierarchical Eaton’s Method” that is considering different computed area indexes from different layers. Therefore, the revised Eaton’s method can have higher accuracy comparing to traditional Eaton’s method. Moreover, the application of this new method in HPHT wells in Yinggehai basin, China has been discussed in this paper and indicates the field feasibility of this approach.

scholarly journals Assembly Synthesis With Subassembly Partitioning for Optimal In-Process Dimensional Adjustability

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byungwoo Lee ◽  
Kazuhiro Saitou
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Minimum Cut ◽  
Weighted Graphs ◽  
Systematic Method ◽  
Critical Dimensions ◽  
Structural Assembly ◽  
Optimization Routine ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
Minimum Cut Problem

Achieving the dimensional integrity for a complex structural assembly is a demanding task due to the manufacturing variations of parts and the tolerance relationship between them. While assigning tight tolerances to all parts would solve the problem, an economical solution is taking advantage of small motions that joints allow, such that critical dimensions are adjusted during assembly processes. This paper presents a systematic method that decomposes product geometry at an early stage of design, selects joint types, and generates subassembly partitioning to achieve the adjustment of the critical dimensions during assembly processes. A genetic algorithm (GA) generates candidate assemblies based on a joint library specific for an application domain. Each candidate assembly is evaluated by an internal optimization routine that computes the subassembly partitioning for optimal in-process adjustability, by solving an equivalent minimum cut problem on weighted graphs. A case study on a 3D automotive space frame with the accompanying joint library is presented.

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